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		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Social_Darwinism&amp;diff=7268288</id>
		<title>Social Darwinism</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Social_Darwinism&amp;diff=7268288"/>
		<updated>2021-03-28T16:02:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;History.com Editors. [https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/social-darwinism Darwinism]. August 21, 2019. ''history.com''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Concept of Social Darwinism==&lt;br /&gt;
Darwinism and Social Darwinism had the same name and few fundamental principles, though it was misapplied to support racial justification. Social Darwinism was developed based on the idea of Darwin in adaptation and natural selection. The belief was relatively popular in Europe, United Kingdom, and America from the 1880s until the 1940s&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;South African History Online. [https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/pseudo-scientific-racism-and-social-darwinism Pseudo-scientific racism and Social Darwinism]. August 2011. ''sahistory.org.za''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Herbert Spencer.jpg|thumb|Herbert Spencer. Image courtesy Wikimedia Commons.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Khan Academy Editors. [https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-perseus-images/6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed.jpg 6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed]. 2016. ''khanacademy.org''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Herbert Spencer, the philosopher who labeled the idea of Social Darwinism, declared that several humans were superior to others due to their traits. The strongest and fittest human would survive in society, while the weakest and most unfit would go extinct. This idea influenced international politics, social development, and global economics as the statement led to the strongest nation's definition was filled with the selected and strongest human beings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The idea evolved into oppression justification by the whites. Many whites were rich at the time, while a few races were considered poor, including the black people. Several white people believed that the black people were poor due to natural selection, where black people had weak traits and were considered unfit to survive. The idea of &amp;quot;the fittest must be survived&amp;quot; was eventually used as racial scientific support. Black children would inherit the poor and less intelligent traits from their parents and should not be saved by the government&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;History.com Editors. [https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/social-darwinism Darwinism]. August 21, 2019. ''history.com''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed.jpg|thumb|Political cartoon showing Uncle Sam lecturing a group of childlike caricatures depicting the people of Hawaii, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines. The &amp;quot;more advanced students&amp;quot; of Texas, California and Alaska sit in the back of the classroom, while the African American student is forced to clean the windows, the Native American student is confined to a corner, and the Chinese student is halted outside the door. Art by Louis Dalrymple, Puck magazine, 1899. Image courtesy Library of Congress&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Khan Academy Editors. [https://cdn.kastatic.org/ka-perseus-images/6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed.jpg 6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed]. 2016. ''khanacademy.org''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spencer took an example from the case of Margaret, a gutter child in New York. He concluded that the government should not provide aid to her as when she became a mother, her children would inherit the traits of stupidity, prostitutes, and lunatics. Spencer ended his theory by proposing, &amp;quot;Was it kindness or cruelty which, generation after generation, enabled these to multiply and become an increasing curse to the society around them?&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Recchiuti, John Louis. [https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/the-gilded-age/gilded-age/a/social-darwinism-in-the-gilded-age Social Darwinism in the Gilded Age]. 2016. ''khanacademy.org''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Inferiority as a Result of Natural Order==&lt;br /&gt;
Nathaniel Shaler, the Dean of Harvard, stated that blacks were extinct due to their inferiority on natural selection in 1884&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pressman, Lindsay. [https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1058&amp;amp;context=trinitypapers How Evolution was used to Support Scientific Racism]. 2017. ''digitalrepository.trincoll.edu''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Several scientists widely used the Darwin's theory of evolution to support scientific racism against many racial groups, excluding whites. For example, the whites were assumed to more superior in health compared to the blacks. In the 1800s and 1900s, many black people were in poor condition and easily affected by tuberculosis and venereal diseases. Thus, most of the white race were prohibited from marrying the black race as these people were afraid that the &amp;quot;inferior genes&amp;quot; would be inherited by their children. Furthermore, the lack of physical traits was generally correlated with selected races like the criminalistics tendencies, negligence, and intellectual impairment related to the black race. A smart or hardworking black person was considered as a temporary deviation. It was believed that these attributes could not be treated, and they would inherit these attributes to all their children. For that reason, many black men in the slave era were lynched to prevent the rape of a white woman by the black men, as the whites concluded that blacks wanted to have a better caste if they can have a family with whites.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lewis Terman, a psychologist who developed the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale (IQ Test), established the intelligence testing method to support scientific racism&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pressman, Lindsay. [https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1058&amp;amp;context=trinitypapers How Evolution was used to Support Scientific Racism]. 2017. ''digitalrepository.trincoll.edu''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The IQ test that was developed was based on eugenics as the basis of testing. The test was then used to exclude the blacks and justify racism. Based on the results, the whites were considered smarter and exploited to label selected races, such as the blacks were more inferior in intelligence.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many scientists widely used bias techniques and methods to label blacks as poorer, less intelligent, and more inferior, so they could oppress the blacks in the past. Dr. Ulrich B. Phillips, a professor from the University of Michigan Pressman, declared that laziness traits were found within the black people&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pressman, Lindsay. [https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1058&amp;amp;context=trinitypapers How Evolution was used to Support Scientific Racism]. 2017. ''digitalrepository.trincoll.edu''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. He said that based on the data of cotton production pre and post-emancipation among black and white people. Based on his research, the Mississippi's cotton production by the blacks was declining while the cotton production of the Oklahoma and Texas by the whites was increasing after emancipation. He used this research to prove that black's laziness was a trait despite its prejudice research method as he neglected the land conditions where the land of Mississippi was overused. Moreover, a few scientists attributed blacks as less intelligent as lower suicide rates and low levels of insanity were found in many blacks compared to others. They assumed that this could occur as blacks could not use their brain effectively. However, when the suicide rates increased, they altered their assumption and considered the blacks were weak-minded. The scientific statements were made based on their prejudice by neglecting several parameters. If the result did not go as it wanted to be, they simply altered the outcome or did not publish it to the public.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dr. Benjamin K. Hays, a medical doctor in Oxford in 1905, claimed that the Africans have reached their maximum potential and would not grow even further as they have not made any progress for the last three thousand years&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Documenting the American South. [https://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/hays/summary.html Summary]. August 2010. ''docsouth.unc.edu''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. He presumed that the black man could only survive by maintaining their status quo as server of the masters. In the end, he said that the survival of black man could only be done as long as the masters would protect them, and the protection would only be obtained by serving masters as a gardener, laborer, or butler.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hernstein and Murray believed that black's inferiority was due to the traits, and for that reason, saving black people would be worthless as the inferiority was already predetermined. The idea of social Darwinism was to be used as scientific support to halt the government assistance in education and expenses of the black people.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Fall of Social Darwinism==&lt;br /&gt;
The belief of Social Darwinism lost its reputation at the end of World War II. Its idea was highly related to the idea implemented by Adolf Hitler in Germany with his Nazi racial propaganda during World War II. Thus, the idea lost its fame in the United States. Besides, with the development of biology, technology, and sociology, Social Darwinism's fundamentals became illogical as physical attributes do not correlate with behavioral or mental characteristics. Not only that, many scientists these days would avoid the term of a race since there were so many variants of human groups, and generalization of human groups would not be possible scientifically&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;South African History Online. [https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/pseudo-scientific-racism-and-social-darwinism Pseudo-scientific racism and Social Darwinism]. August 2011. ''sahistory.org.za''. Retrieved March 28, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Racism in Cultural anthropology]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed.jpg&amp;diff=7268285</id>
		<title>File:6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:6773d9572a8e596f06283f32fd2696dc798fa6ed.jpg&amp;diff=7268285"/>
		<updated>2021-03-28T15:55:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Political Cartoon&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_People_Run_the_Fastest&amp;diff=7240777</id>
		<title>Black People Run the Fastest</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_People_Run_the_Fastest&amp;diff=7240777"/>
		<updated>2021-03-27T15:11:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Racial Generalization */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Racial Generalization==&lt;br /&gt;
The ten championships of 100m athletics have usually been black with several exceptions, such as Matic Osovnikar of Slovenia, which finished on the seventh position in 2007. Since 1983, the winner of the competition in the Olympics has always been black.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Som.jpg|thumb|David Rudisha, Gold Medal Awardee in 800m title, from Kenya&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Khalid Al Mouahidi.[https://medafricatimes.com/10231-rio-kenyan-runner-defends-his-title-wins-second-gold-medal.html Rio: Kenyan Runner Defends his Title, Wins Second Gold Medal]. August 16, 2016. ''medafricatimes.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, there is a conclusion that black people are more superior in athletics due to their genes instead of environment. However, the conclusion is flawed, as research showed. Since 1968, Kenya has won 21 gold medals in 800m or above, with a total of 63 medals at the Olympics. Yet, most people do not wonder why Kenya could win so many medals in athletics. The research showed that Kenya could bring so many medals due to athletes that come from Nandi, a small area in the Rift Valley. Apparently, the ones who win the most medals were Nandi's home. Another case is a sprint, where most winners were either Jamaicans or African-Americans. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As most winners tend to be black, it is assumed that blacks, including Africans, are better in athletics. However, this is not true as very few athletes representing African countries won the competition. West Africa who is consisted of Ghana, Senegal, Congo, Angola, Gabon, Mauritania, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, the Republic of Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Togo, Niger, Benin, Mali, the Gambia, and Equatorial Guinea, has not won any sprinting competition in the Olympics. The data has shown that the West African countries have not won any competition in sprinting, although winners of the competition are the descendants of West Africans. The research has shown that black people are not more superior to whites.  The data showed a different result where the genetic variation within racial groups takes account around 85% compared to the genetic variation between racial groups, which only takes 15%. Instead of the black people, it is the Nandis who is more superior&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;BBC.[https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-14679657 Is it wrong to note 100m winners are always black?]. August 27, 2011. ''bbc.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The tendency to generalize people are ingrained within our minds particularly, racial generalization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Advancement in Sport==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:51JWDah+IBL. SX331 BO1,204,203,200 .jpg|thumb|Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports And Why We're Afraid To Talk About It by Jon Entine&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Amazon.[https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/51JWDah+IBL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports And Why We're Afraid To Talk About It by Jon Entine Book Cover]. ''amazon.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We see that black athletes are considered as one of the best athletes in many sports, including sprinting, running track, basketball, American football, baseball, and football. To be more specific, the African origins win most of the running track competition. In the Premiership in Europe, black football players represent 20 percent of the total football players. Then, we could see each sport's legends, especially in America, such as Michael Jordan, Muhammad Ali, and Michael Johnson.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The sociology professor and founder of the Black Power demonstration at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico, Harry Edwards, affirms that the black advancement in sport is possible as white people believed that the physical tasks in the fields are supposed to be done by the black slaves&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Young, Bob.[http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~ddiresta/bil101/Bornbetter.htm Born better?]. April 12, 2000. ''fig.cox.miami.edu''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Jon Entine, who is the writer of Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports and Why We’re Afraid to Talk About It, pointed a result where best sprinters usually tend to be the descendants of West Africans while the greatest endurance runners tend to be the descendants of East Africans. The result is supported by Claude Bouchard's findings, an exercise physiologist, that implied West Africans possess twice larger fast-twitch fibers than French-Canadians, which help West Africans be more endurable&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony, Andrew.[https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,328508,00.html White men can't run]. June 04, 2000. ''guardian.co.uk''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other scholars researched other parameters, including the lower body-fat percentage, the greater body density, and plasma testosterone levels. Although the results show African descents were relatively higher, the data did not show an impressive outcome that can impact the sport achievement&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kerr, Ian B.[https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&amp;amp;context=hilltopreview The Myth of Racial Superiority in Sports]. April 2010. ''Western Michigan University''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Linfold Christie, the only Briton who ran less than 10 seconds, believes that muscle, physical advantages, and extensive training do not guarantee the best performance. It was the passion to be the best that takes black athletes to be the best athletes. It was possible as many black people face poverty and are determined to succeed in sport as it provides a way out of poverty for many blacks&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony, Andrew.[https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,328508,00.html White men can't run]. June 04, 2000. ''guardian.co.uk''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Genetic Notion of Population==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Maasai-people.jpg|thumb|The Maasai People&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Maasai Mara Holiday. [https://masaimaraafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/maasai-people.jpg Olympics]. April 2020. ''masaimaraafrica.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]The actual issue with the &amp;quot;Black People Run the Fastest&amp;quot; stereotype is due to factually incorrect, not because of politically incorrect. There is a significant difference between racial and population differences. Noticeably, most of the Maasai of Kenya have taller and longer limbed, or the Inuit of Arctics have shorter limbed as they were all shaped to be suitable with their living situation&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Malik, Kenan. [https://www.newstatesman.com/node/193695 Why black will beat white at the Olympics]. September 18, 2000. ''newstatseman.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, any race's physical body should not be generalized as human groups within race have different characteristics. Other methods can be applied in dividing human groups, such as according to genetic traits instead of skin color or physical body. The division could lead to broader ranges of human groups, yet; the genetic characteristics are rooted more deeply than the physical attributes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As science has provided a method to look and research thoroughly, many ways are available to analyze how genetic or metabolic characteristics affect someone's capabilities. For example, dietary intake, metabolic structures, and musculature growth of football players can be analyzed and evaluated how they affect football player's skills. Thus, we as lovers of sport can enjoy sport's beauty compared to their racial background, while these top players' skills should be evaluated from other parameters.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Racism in Mythology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Racism in Sports]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_People_Run_the_Fastest&amp;diff=7240696</id>
		<title>Black People Run the Fastest</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_People_Run_the_Fastest&amp;diff=7240696"/>
		<updated>2021-03-27T15:09:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Genetic Notion of Population */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Racial Generalization==&lt;br /&gt;
The ten championships of 100m athletics have usually been black with several exceptions, such as Matic Osovnikar of Slovenia, which finished on the seventh position in 2007. Since 1983, the winner of the competition in the Olympics has always been black.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Som.jpg|thumb|David Rudisha, Gold Medal Awardee in 800m title, from Kenya&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Khalid Al Mouahidi.[https://medafricatimes.com/10231-rio-kenyan-runner-defends-his-title-wins-second-gold-medal.html Rio: Kenyan Runner Defends his Title, Wins Second Gold Medal]. August 16, 2016. ''medafricatimes.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, there is a conclusion that black people are more superior in athletics due to their genes instead of environment. However, the conclusion is flawed, as research showed. Since 1968, Kenya has won 21 gold medals in 800m or above, with a total of 63 medals at the Olympics. Yet, most people do not wonder why Kenya could win so many medals in athletics. The research showed that Kenya could bring so many medals due to athletes that come from Nandi, a small area in the Rift Valley. Apparently, the ones who win the most medals were Nandi's home. Another case is a sprint, where most winners were either Jamaicans or African-Americans. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As most winners tend to be black, it is assumed that blacks, including Africans, are better in athletics. However, this is not true as very few athletes representing African countries won the competition. West Africa who is consisted of Ghana, Senegal, Congo, Angola, Gabon, Mauritania, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, the Republic of Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Togo, Niger, Benin, Mali, the Gambia, and Equatorial Guinea, has not won any sprinting competition in the Olympics. The research has shown that black people are not more superior to whites.  The data showed a different result where the genetic variation within racial groups takes account around 85% compared to the genetic variation between racial groups, which only takes 15%. Instead of the black people, it is the Nandis who is more superior&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;BBC.[https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-14679657 Is it wrong to note 100m winners are always black?]. August 27, 2011. ''bbc.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The tendency to generalize people are ingrained within our minds particularly, racial generalization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Advancement in Sport==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:51JWDah+IBL. SX331 BO1,204,203,200 .jpg|thumb|Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports And Why We're Afraid To Talk About It by Jon Entine&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Amazon.[https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/51JWDah+IBL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports And Why We're Afraid To Talk About It by Jon Entine Book Cover]. ''amazon.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We see that black athletes are considered as one of the best athletes in many sports, including sprinting, running track, basketball, American football, baseball, and football. To be more specific, the African origins win most of the running track competition. In the Premiership in Europe, black football players represent 20 percent of the total football players. Then, we could see each sport's legends, especially in America, such as Michael Jordan, Muhammad Ali, and Michael Johnson.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The sociology professor and founder of the Black Power demonstration at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico, Harry Edwards, affirms that the black advancement in sport is possible as white people believed that the physical tasks in the fields are supposed to be done by the black slaves&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Young, Bob.[http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~ddiresta/bil101/Bornbetter.htm Born better?]. April 12, 2000. ''fig.cox.miami.edu''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Jon Entine, who is the writer of Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports and Why We’re Afraid to Talk About It, pointed a result where best sprinters usually tend to be the descendants of West Africans while the greatest endurance runners tend to be the descendants of East Africans. The result is supported by Claude Bouchard's findings, an exercise physiologist, that implied West Africans possess twice larger fast-twitch fibers than French-Canadians, which help West Africans be more endurable&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony, Andrew.[https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,328508,00.html White men can't run]. June 04, 2000. ''guardian.co.uk''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other scholars researched other parameters, including the lower body-fat percentage, the greater body density, and plasma testosterone levels. Although the results show African descents were relatively higher, the data did not show an impressive outcome that can impact the sport achievement&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kerr, Ian B.[https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&amp;amp;context=hilltopreview The Myth of Racial Superiority in Sports]. April 2010. ''Western Michigan University''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Linfold Christie, the only Briton who ran less than 10 seconds, believes that muscle, physical advantages, and extensive training do not guarantee the best performance. It was the passion to be the best that takes black athletes to be the best athletes. It was possible as many black people face poverty and are determined to succeed in sport as it provides a way out of poverty for many blacks&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony, Andrew.[https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,328508,00.html White men can't run]. June 04, 2000. ''guardian.co.uk''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Genetic Notion of Population==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Maasai-people.jpg|thumb|The Maasai People&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Maasai Mara Holiday. [https://masaimaraafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/maasai-people.jpg Olympics]. April 2020. ''masaimaraafrica.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]The actual issue with the &amp;quot;Black People Run the Fastest&amp;quot; stereotype is due to factually incorrect, not because of politically incorrect. There is a significant difference between racial and population differences. Noticeably, most of the Maasai of Kenya have taller and longer limbed, or the Inuit of Arctics have shorter limbed as they were all shaped to be suitable with their living situation&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Malik, Kenan. [https://www.newstatesman.com/node/193695 Why black will beat white at the Olympics]. September 18, 2000. ''newstatseman.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, any race's physical body should not be generalized as human groups within race have different characteristics. Other methods can be applied in dividing human groups, such as according to genetic traits instead of skin color or physical body. The division could lead to broader ranges of human groups, yet; the genetic characteristics are rooted more deeply than the physical attributes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As science has provided a method to look and research thoroughly, many ways are available to analyze how genetic or metabolic characteristics affect someone's capabilities. For example, dietary intake, metabolic structures, and musculature growth of football players can be analyzed and evaluated how they affect football player's skills. Thus, we as lovers of sport can enjoy sport's beauty compared to their racial background, while these top players' skills should be evaluated from other parameters.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Racism in Mythology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Racism in Sports]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_People_Run_the_Fastest&amp;diff=7240538</id>
		<title>Black People Run the Fastest</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_People_Run_the_Fastest&amp;diff=7240538"/>
		<updated>2021-03-27T15:07:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Racial Generalization==&lt;br /&gt;
The ten championships of 100m athletics have usually been black with several exceptions, such as Matic Osovnikar of Slovenia, which finished on the seventh position in 2007. Since 1983, the winner of the competition in the Olympics has always been black.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Som.jpg|thumb|David Rudisha, Gold Medal Awardee in 800m title, from Kenya&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Khalid Al Mouahidi.[https://medafricatimes.com/10231-rio-kenyan-runner-defends-his-title-wins-second-gold-medal.html Rio: Kenyan Runner Defends his Title, Wins Second Gold Medal]. August 16, 2016. ''medafricatimes.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, there is a conclusion that black people are more superior in athletics due to their genes instead of environment. However, the conclusion is flawed, as research showed. Since 1968, Kenya has won 21 gold medals in 800m or above, with a total of 63 medals at the Olympics. Yet, most people do not wonder why Kenya could win so many medals in athletics. The research showed that Kenya could bring so many medals due to athletes that come from Nandi, a small area in the Rift Valley. Apparently, the ones who win the most medals were Nandi's home. Another case is a sprint, where most winners were either Jamaicans or African-Americans. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As most winners tend to be black, it is assumed that blacks, including Africans, are better in athletics. However, this is not true as very few athletes representing African countries won the competition. West Africa who is consisted of Ghana, Senegal, Congo, Angola, Gabon, Mauritania, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, the Republic of Guinea, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Togo, Niger, Benin, Mali, the Gambia, and Equatorial Guinea, has not won any sprinting competition in the Olympics. The research has shown that black people are not more superior to whites.  The data showed a different result where the genetic variation within racial groups takes account around 85% compared to the genetic variation between racial groups, which only takes 15%. Instead of the black people, it is the Nandis who is more superior&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;BBC.[https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-14679657 Is it wrong to note 100m winners are always black?]. August 27, 2011. ''bbc.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The tendency to generalize people are ingrained within our minds particularly, racial generalization.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Advancement in Sport==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:51JWDah+IBL. SX331 BO1,204,203,200 .jpg|thumb|Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports And Why We're Afraid To Talk About It by Jon Entine&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Amazon.[https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/51JWDah+IBL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports And Why We're Afraid To Talk About It by Jon Entine Book Cover]. ''amazon.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We see that black athletes are considered as one of the best athletes in many sports, including sprinting, running track, basketball, American football, baseball, and football. To be more specific, the African origins win most of the running track competition. In the Premiership in Europe, black football players represent 20 percent of the total football players. Then, we could see each sport's legends, especially in America, such as Michael Jordan, Muhammad Ali, and Michael Johnson.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The sociology professor and founder of the Black Power demonstration at the 1968 Olympics in Mexico, Harry Edwards, affirms that the black advancement in sport is possible as white people believed that the physical tasks in the fields are supposed to be done by the black slaves&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Young, Bob.[http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~ddiresta/bil101/Bornbetter.htm Born better?]. April 12, 2000. ''fig.cox.miami.edu''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Jon Entine, who is the writer of Taboo: Why Black Athletes Dominate Sports and Why We’re Afraid to Talk About It, pointed a result where best sprinters usually tend to be the descendants of West Africans while the greatest endurance runners tend to be the descendants of East Africans. The result is supported by Claude Bouchard's findings, an exercise physiologist, that implied West Africans possess twice larger fast-twitch fibers than French-Canadians, which help West Africans be more endurable&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony, Andrew.[https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,328508,00.html White men can't run]. June 04, 2000. ''guardian.co.uk''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other scholars researched other parameters, including the lower body-fat percentage, the greater body density, and plasma testosterone levels. Although the results show African descents were relatively higher, the data did not show an impressive outcome that can impact the sport achievement&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kerr, Ian B.[https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&amp;amp;context=hilltopreview The Myth of Racial Superiority in Sports]. April 2010. ''Western Michigan University''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Linfold Christie, the only Briton who ran less than 10 seconds, believes that muscle, physical advantages, and extensive training do not guarantee the best performance. It was the passion to be the best that takes black athletes to be the best athletes. It was possible as many black people face poverty and are determined to succeed in sport as it provides a way out of poverty for many blacks&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Anthony, Andrew.[https://www.theguardian.com/observer/osm/story/0,,328508,00.html White men can't run]. June 04, 2000. ''guardian.co.uk''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Genetic Notion of Population==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Maasai-people.jpg|thumb|The Maasai People&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Maasai Mara Holiday. [https://masaimaraafrica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/maasai-people.jpg Olympics]. April 2020. ''masaimaraafrica.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]The actual issue with the &amp;quot;Black People Run the Fastest&amp;quot; stereotype is due to factually incorrect, not because of politically incorrect. There is a significant difference between racial and population differences. Factually, most of the Maasai of Kenya have taller and longer limbed, or the Inuit of Arctics have shorter limbed as they were all shaped to be suitable with their living situation&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Malik, Kenan. [https://www.newstatesman.com/node/193695 Why black will beat white at the Olympics]. September 18, 2000. ''newstatseman.com''. Retrieved March 27, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, any race's physical body should not be generalized as human groups within race have different characteristics. Other methods can be applied in dividing human groups, such as according to genetic traits instead of skin color or physical body. The division could lead to broader ranges of human groups, yet; the genetic characteristics are rooted more deeply than the physical attributes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As science has provided a method to look and research thoroughly, many ways are available to analyze how genetic or metabolic characteristics affect someone's capabilities. For example, dietary intake, metabolic structures, and musculature growth of football players can be analyzed and evaluated how they affect football player's skills. Thus, we as lovers of sport can enjoy sport's beauty compared to their racial background, while these top players' skills should be evaluated from other parameters.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Racism in Mythology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Racism in Sports]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Som.jpg&amp;diff=7240404</id>
		<title>File:Som.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Som.jpg&amp;diff=7240404"/>
		<updated>2021-03-27T15:04:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;David Rudisha, Gold Medal Awardee in 800m title, from Kenya&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Maasai-people.jpg&amp;diff=7240331</id>
		<title>File:Maasai-people.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Maasai-people.jpg&amp;diff=7240331"/>
		<updated>2021-03-27T15:00:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;The Maasai People&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:51JWDah%2BIBL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg&amp;diff=7240328</id>
		<title>File:51JWDah+IBL. SX331 BO1,204,203,200 .jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:51JWDah%2BIBL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg&amp;diff=7240328"/>
		<updated>2021-03-27T14:58:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;Taboo, Jon Entine&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_Masculinity&amp;diff=7233533</id>
		<title>Black Masculinity</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Black_Masculinity&amp;diff=7233533"/>
		<updated>2021-03-26T17:54:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;In history, black slaves are sold by their masters, especially white slave masters, through auctions. The auction implies the worth of each black slave. However, after reaching 200 years, the auction of black slaves has shifted to the trade of athletes in sports competitions where the athletes are going to be bought by the highest bidder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The body of the black race is considered to be producing values and also as a property.  Black men are deemed to take the blue-collar job, especially where physical tasks as their main duty. They are exploited as mere labor by their bosses while their status remains in a puzzle. Furthermore, this has led to a lower salary than white men as black men are considered more capable of doing &amp;quot;boys&amp;quot; jobs&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Matlon, Jordanna.[http://bostonreview.net/race/jordanna-matlon-black-masculinity-under-racial-capitalism Black Masculinity Under Racial Capitalism]. July 16, 2019. ''bostonreview.net''. Retrieved March 26, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The stereotype was established that black men are taught not to show their emotional feeling despite their struggle. The taught was possible as the masters during the slavery era took the black slaves' total freedom and valued them as only property. For that reason, black masculinity has existed, and several black men still hesitant to show their sadness, anger, heartbreak and any other emotional feelings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Masculinity in Movies==&lt;br /&gt;
In several scenes, black masculinity is portrayed by Chris (Daniel Kaluuya) in Get Out, where he is supposed not to show any emotional affection. For example, when Chris is in the racially charged rally, Rose aspires Chris not to leave the gathering despite feeling angry and offended. In here, Chris strengthens his heart and decides to accompany Rose in the gathering as an expression of his love towards Rose&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Randolph, Ashlin.[https://www.ebony.com/entertainment/get-out-black-masculinity/ ‘Get Out’ is Challenging Perceptions of Black Masculinity]. March 03, 2017. ''ebony.com''. Retrieved March 26, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Black masculinity is also depicted by Chiron in Moonlight during his school life. Many of his youth colleagues see Chiron as gay based on his clothes selection. Thus, to fit into his black colleagues, Chiron shows his masculinity with a straight standard&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ventour, Tré.[https://treventour1995.medium.com/boys-to-men-5-films-exploring-black-masculinity-47e964944769 Boys to Men: 5 Films Exploring Black Masculinity]. July 25, 2020. ''medium.com''. Retrieved March 26, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:1 8YZk5c1RU2--2iJ-AfYRxw.jpg|thumb|Little Chiron in Moonlight&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ventour, Tré.[https://miro.medium.com/max/1000/1*8YZk5c1RU2--2iJ-AfYRxw.jpeg Little Chiron]. July 25, 2020. ''medium.com''. Retrieved March 26, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Sport and Media==&lt;br /&gt;
Many black athletes are praised and showed as role models for many young black teenagers. The portrayal indicates black athletes as the portrayal of successful black men as they seem to be far more superior than the white athletes. Yet, to some extent, this portrayal can be seen as a defame of black athletes as they are assumed to be individual technical players. Loy and Elvogue (1970) found patterns and data that black athletes in baseball and American football were assigned to a less teamwork position while the white athletes dominated the team's controlling structural and leadership role&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Parry, K. D., Cleland, J. and Kavanagh, E. J. [https://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/32434/3/Racial%20folklore%2C%20black%20masculinities%20and%20the%20reproduction%20of%20dominant%20racial%20ideologies%20-%20The%20case%20of%20Israel%20Folau%20Final.pdf Racial folklore, black masculinities and the reproduction of dominant racial ideologies: The case of Israel Folau]. 2020. ''Bournemouth University''. Retrieved March 26, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The assignment has created a belief where white athletes are more suitable in the think and lead roles while black athletes are more proper in carrying the team as a technical star player. Moreover, there is proof that black athletes are dismissed from the most influential position on the most awaited matches, especially in the sports where black athletes participate more than white athletes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Black masculinity does not only exist in America. It also exists in Australia. Israel Folau, an Australian rugby league player, was signed by one of the Australian Football League (AFL) teams. Although Folau has not played AFL professionally, the group decided that it was the right time to buy him as their player. Folau images' portrayal emphasized strength and masculinity by focussing on arms, legs, and larger body. The marketing method provided the AFL team with the highest ads seen by the Australian citizen by 2017.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Media plays a big role in portraying blackness as an example of masculinity. The negative stereotypes of black men have been amplified by the traditional American media. The media should change their approach and provide unique opinions of how black men see the world. One example, The Washington Post, has shown a series of 19 stories with the title of 'Being a Black Man: At the Corner of Progress or Peril', which was published from June 2006 to December 2006&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tyree, Tia &amp;amp; Byerly, Carolyn &amp;amp; Hamilton, Kerry-Ann.[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241655938_Representations_of_new_Black_masculinity_A_news-making_case_study Representations of (new) Black masculinity: A news-making case study]. 2012. ''researachgate.net'. Retrieved March 26, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. They have provided new aspirations with more positive personal roles such as leaders and devoted fathers, also more personal stories of black men. For instance, in the story entitled unblack Black man, an abandoned black kid becomes a professional with a Ph.D. degree. After the success, he still faces strain in dating and correlating with his black culture. Yet, his grandmother and families are proud of him and supporting him despite the struggle. Counteracting black masculinity is possible as long as they put an interest in doing so. One example that can be done like The Washington Post did was by letting black journalists and their communities share their point of view and take part in telling their own stories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Racism in Folklore]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:1_8YZk5c1RU2--2iJ-AfYRxw.jpg&amp;diff=7233515</id>
		<title>File:1 8YZk5c1RU2--2iJ-AfYRxw.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:1_8YZk5c1RU2--2iJ-AfYRxw.jpg&amp;diff=7233515"/>
		<updated>2021-03-26T17:28:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;Little Chiron in Moonlight&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Watermelon&amp;diff=7113671</id>
		<title>The Watermelon</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Watermelon&amp;diff=7113671"/>
		<updated>2021-03-21T17:04:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;How does a watermelon relate to the black race? Why black people are mocked as they eat watermelons while white people are free to eat watermelons. The stereotype might be ambiguous for several people, but for black Americans, this has emerged for a particular political purpose during the Civil War era. Watermelons became a symbol of freedom as the black people mostly slaves in the Civil War are free to cultivate, eat and sell them in markets. As Southern whites are intimidated with watermelons as the symbol of freedom, they decided to campaign that watermelons are a symbol of dirtiness, stupidity, negligence, and unworthy. The campaign has gone massive becoming racist tropes in American culture which still exist up to this day.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The racist trope can be seen in the news such as in the protest of Michael Brown's killing where a watermelon display is portrayed as a mockery against the Black Empowerment march&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Gardner, John.[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2861693/120-mile-Ferguson-march-met-display-melon-fried-chicken-40oz-beer-racist-counter-protesters-rural-Missouri.html Ferguson 'march for justice' met with display of a melon, fried chicken, a 40oz beer and 200 racist protesters in rural Missouri]. December 05, 2013. ''dailymail.co.uk''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Not only that, while Obama went up becoming the President of the US, a cartoonist of the Boston Herald depicts a satire cartoon where an intruder lying in President Obama's bathtub, questioning him if he has tried the &amp;quot;watermelon-flavored toothpaste.&amp;quot;. Though the Boston Herald quickly apologized for the cartoon, the racist trope on watermelon still exists up to the modern era in the 2000s&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Killough, Ashley.[http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/01/politics/boston-herald-cartoon/index.html Boston Herald apologizes for Obama cartoon after backlash]. October 01, 2014. ''edition.cnn.com''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
At first, southern whites believe that letting slaves enjoy watermelons was a show of benevolence given by the slave owners. Slaves were given instructions on how to enjoy watermelons. However, the act of benevolence is changed into a mocker as emancipation emerged. When the blacks found watermelons as a symbol of freedom where they can consume and making money from cultivating watermelons, the Southern whites published a caricature in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper in 1869. The caricature showed the blacks were eating watermelons and the caption said “The Southern negro in no particular more palpably exhibits his epicurean tastes than in his excessive fondness for watermelons. The juvenile freedman is especially intense in his partiality for that refreshing fruit.”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Black, William R. [https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/12/how-watermelons-became-a-racist-trope/383529/ How Watermelons Became a Racist Trope]. December 08, 2014. ''theatlantic.com''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Furthermore, there was a scene where a white boy named Henry Evans was angry for being left by his black nanny. When he encountered her on the street, her nanny offered him a watermelon but, he declined the offer and even said that he would not eat watermelons as it was negroes food&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Black, William R. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26381503?seq=1 How Watermelons Became Black]. March 2018. ''University of North Carolina Press''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Watermelon1.jpg|thumb|The racist watermelon trope, Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, c. 1869&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Black, William R. [https://cdn.theatlantic.com/thumbor/OXaA9I9hm5x9Xio5VE4LIeC-F4M=/570x364/media/img/posts/2014/12/2._Frank_Leslies_1869_09_11_p._412/original.jpg Frank Leslies]. December 04, 2014. ''theatlantic.com''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
In the 1880 election period, the South Carolina state legislatures (mostly are blacks) were accused by the Democrats that they had wasted taxpayers’ money on the refreshment of watermelons. Although it was a lie, the story is written in American history books. At the beginning of the 20th century, the racist trope on watermelons spread everywhere. There was a phenomenal postcard that displayed a watermelon carried by an elderly black man. The black man is shown to be bewailed and said “Dis am de wust perdickermunt ob mah life.” which referred to black men only care about their own stomach. Another postcard named &amp;quot;Coon cards&amp;quot; showed where Black people steal watermelons, argue over watermelons, and eventually transform into watermelons. The Jim Crow Museum stores lots of three-dimensional objects such as toys, match handles, figures, relics, and crackers displaying black Americans eating watermelons. Even some of them are portrayed as contented Coons with hideous faces, bright red highlighted lips, and torn clothes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Watermelon2.jpg|thumb|Contented Coons Postcard&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pilgrim, David. [https://www.ferris.edu/HTMLS/news/jimcrow/question/2008/images/may/evolve.jpg Evolve]. May 2018. ''Ferris State University''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When Jackie Robinson went into Major League Baseball as the first black professional player in 1947, he was thrown garbage, tomatoes, and watermelon slices. In addition, while the black protested the slaughter of a black boy in Bensonhurst, New York, in 1989. Some of the white people yelled at them and hold watermelons above their heads as a mockery for the blacks&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Pilgrim, David. [https://www.ferris.edu/HTMLS/news/jimcrow/question/2008/may.htm Blacks and Watermelons - May 2000]. May 2018. ''Ferris State University''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. There have been more hundreds of racist trope cases related to watermelons and have been existed for more than a hundred years.&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Tropes==&lt;br /&gt;
Initially, the watermelons are a mockery for poor Arabs. In 1801, the British officer in Egypt said watermelons as food for poor Arabs. This said due to the Arabs were eating swiftly and ravenously like somebody tried to take the food from them and later on, they would throw the rinds to the street. For the British, this has become an implication of dirtiness, sloth, stupidity, and noise. Dirtiness since the rinds are thrown to the street, sloth as people did nothing while eating watermelons, stupidity as it's assumed to be lack of nutrition, and noise as people who eat watermelons tend to attract other people's attention. However, the slave owners adopt this trope on the Blacks and magnified the trope through media. The trope has become a political tool for degrading the Blacks. The mockery has always been maintained by racists up to this era. It might sound stupid to mock people with fruits. Yet, it does exist as people's subconscious can be shaped through repeated taunts to vilify the blacks&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Black, William R. [https://msuweb.montclair.edu/~franker/Anth140/SupplementalMaterials/HowWatermelonsBecameaRacistTrope.pdf How Watermelons Became Racist Trope]. December 2014. ''Montclair State University''. Retrieved March 21, 2021.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Racism in Food culture]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Watermelon2.jpg&amp;diff=7113438</id>
		<title>File:Watermelon2.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Watermelon2.jpg&amp;diff=7113438"/>
		<updated>2021-03-21T17:00:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Contented Coons Postcard&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Watermelon1.jpg&amp;diff=7112714</id>
		<title>File:Watermelon1.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=File:Watermelon1.jpg&amp;diff=7112714"/>
		<updated>2021-03-21T16:49:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The racist watermelon trope, Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, c. 1869&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Coca-Cola_Company&amp;diff=6391061</id>
		<title>The Coca-Cola Company</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Coca-Cola_Company&amp;diff=6391061"/>
		<updated>2021-02-24T13:15:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Black Empowerment Commercials */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The Coca-Cola Company or Coca-Cola is a beverage company that is headquartered in Atlanta, USA. It was started on May 8, 1886, as Dr. John Pemberton served the first Coca-Cola at Jacobs' Pharmacy. Right now, the Coca-Cola Company has around 200 brands including Coca-Cola, Minute Maid, Powerade, and Costa coffee&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.coca-colacompany.com/company&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment Commercials==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Open-cola.png|thumb|Open Like Never Before by The Coca-Cola Company&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.netimperative.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/open-cola.png&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Due to a serial racism incident in 2020, Coca-Cola had halted their social media for 30 days showing a boycott of racist content. This was done as the Chairman and CEO of the Coca-Cola Company declared that there was no place for racism on social media and in the world&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.nst.com.my/world/world/2020/06/603920/coca-cola-joins-anti-racism-boycott-social-media-advertising&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. After the social media advertising hiatus, Coca-Cola came back with a campaign that portrays how should we live and embrace the differences among everyone. It can be seen as the commercial narrates that we do not have to back to normal as this time is the opportunity to be  more gentle, braver, more mindful and better than before. This is the time to make a difference as we have the opportunity (half-full) #OpenLikeNeverBefore. The commercial named &amp;quot;Open Like Never Before&amp;quot; features George Mpanga, the African American great poet's poem. George The Poet stated that the message was brought from his experience. He believes that there is always an opportunity to bring a change in many things such as the covid-19 pandemic has reflected all of us to stay strong, united, and more patient adapting with the situation that we're facing right now&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.netimperative.com/2020/08/06/coca-cola-comes-out-of-advertising-lockdown-with-manifesto-for-change-commercial/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The commercial shows that &amp;quot;better normal&amp;quot; means being open to listening to others, respecting others, and removing injustice&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.marketingweek.com/coca-cola-new-campaign-post-lockdown/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Commercials]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Blindspotting_(2018)&amp;diff=6390961</id>
		<title>Blindspotting (2018)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Blindspotting_(2018)&amp;diff=6390961"/>
		<updated>2021-02-24T13:08:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Controversy */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Blindspotting was released on July 27, 2018, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Snoot Entertainment. The movie storyline was written by Rafael Casal, and directed by Carlos López Estrada. The movie portrays systematic racial discrimination, privilege and police brutality in reality.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://nyunews.com/2018/03/18/03-19-arts-blindspotting/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:031918 arts-blindspotting courtesy-of-SXSW.jpg|thumb|Collin and Miles&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i1.wp.com/nyunews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/031918_arts-blindspotting_courtesy-of-SXSW.jpg?fit=950%2C679&amp;amp;ssl=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
For having a new beginning of life, Collin (Daveed Diggs) must obtain a  clean three days of probation. He works as movers with his troublemaking best friend, Miles (Rafael Casal). After seeing the brutal firing, Collin starts to rethink his friendship as Collins has always been blamed for Mile's hot-headed despite his innocence&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7242142/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
Collin, a black man, frequently blamed for Miles’ wild decisions despite his innocence. It is shown in several scenes such as honking during a moving trip which is done by Mile, and Collins is upbraided despite his innocence or while Mile's son holds Mile's gun, Ashley rages to Collin for letting Miles buy the gun in the first place although Collin is not at fault at all. This violation demonstrates the systemic prejudice that black American encounters even with his friend's family till it exposes and in the end, the white man is accounted to be responsible for his actions&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://emorywheel.com/buddy-comedy-blindspotting-tackles-racism/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Loving_(2016)&amp;diff=6390853</id>
		<title>Loving (2016)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Loving_(2016)&amp;diff=6390853"/>
		<updated>2021-02-24T13:05:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Loving was screened firstly on November 4, 2016, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Raindog Films. The movie storyline was written and directed by Jeff Nichols. The movie was based on the true story and Director Jeff Nichols was able to portray the story as accurately as possible by relying on The Loving Story (2011) which was documented by Nancy Buirski's, which captured many details of their private lives&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;hhttps://www.imdb.com/title/tt0101507/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Richard Loving and Mildred (Joel Edgerton and Ruth Negga), are a couple who are planning to get married and start a family. However, there is a rule that says interracial marriage is forbidden in Virginia. Though their close relatives say take a safer decision, which is not a marriage, still, they decide to have a marriage. Both of them goes to Washington and got married. After their marriage has been approved by the government, they go back to Virginia. However, they are arrested for interracial marriage despite the approval of the government. The Virginia government does not approve of their marriage and told them to go out of Virginia if they want to act as a married couple. After several years in the city, Mildred wants to go back to Virginia and doesn't like the idea of raising her kids in the city. The timing has never been better when the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) lawyer assists them in a legal battle at the Supreme Court. Therefore, Richard and Mildred Loving decide to confront the government through the Supreme Court in making sure that their marriage is approved by the Virginian Government and can stay legally in Virginia with their children. The battle ends up in glory at the Supreme Court in 1967&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4669986/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Loving-2016-film-still-Joel-Edgerton-and-Ruth-Negga-Focus-Features.jpg|thumb|Mildred and Richard in Loving (2016)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i2.wp.com/nursingclio.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Loving-2016-film-still-Joel-Edgerton-and-Ruth-Negga-Focus-Features.jpg?w=1446&amp;amp;ssl=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
In Virginia, the USA, interracial marriage is prohibited and considered a crime. Although it seems that nobody in Virginia would take a side in a white man living with an African American woman, the couple shows their determination and resiliency to prove that racism should not be a barrier in love&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/reviews/loving-film-review-jeff-nichols-ruth-negga-oscars-2017-aclu-joel-edgerton-a7556821.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. This movie shows that standing up and fighting for what you believe in has a very impactful influence, as shown that in the end, the Supreme Court states that the interracial marriage law is unconstitutional and changes the law of marriage forever especially in Virginia&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/352046&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=A_Time_to_Kill_(1996)&amp;diff=6358307</id>
		<title>A Time to Kill (1996)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=A_Time_to_Kill_(1996)&amp;diff=6358307"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:58:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A Time to Kill was released on July 24, 1996, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Films. The movie storyline was written by Akiva Goldsman, and directed by Joel Schumacher. The movie was based on the novel A Time to Kill written by John  Grisham in 1989&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0117913/?ref_=ttpl_pl_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:MV5BMDU5NzZiMjktM2E5My00NTAzLTk5YmUtMTM3ZTgyZGVkZmRmXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyODg0OTM4NTc@. V1 .jpg|thumb|Carl Lee in A Time to Kill &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i1.wp.com/thespool.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/MV5BMDU5NzZiMjktM2E5My00NTAzLTk5YmUtMTM3ZTgyZGVkZmRmXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyODg0OTM4NTc@._V1_.jpg?resize=1065%2C600&amp;amp;ssl=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Tony Hailey, a 10-year old black American girl, is raped by two white boys. Then, the Sheriff arrests the two boys and puts them into a temporary prison. Tonya's father, Carl Lee (Samuel L. Jackson), realizes that the two boys will walk free instead of going to prison. Thus, he takes his rifle, kills both boys within the country courthouse, yet injures Deputy Dwayne Looney unintentionally. Carl then gets arrested and Jake Brigance (Matthew McConaughey) tries to defend him as his lawyer. However, the trial goes wicked as Rufus Buckley (Kevin Spacey), the district attorney, is bias and decides to sentence Carl to the death penalty. Brigance forms his defense team to prove that Carl should be deliberated from the punishment. As the trial runs, the defense team gets threatened, injured, and even death due to racial demonstrations from the Ku Klux Klan. Lastly, Brigance proves that Carl should be free and said to be innocent by the jury&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/4820/a-time-to-kill&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie depicts how justice does not served equally. In Mississippi, racism is quite common as Jake Brigance explains in the scene that white rapers can walk free even if they truly do rape African American women. It is shown from the movie that the Ku Klux Klan does whatever they can to stop the trial by creating a violent riot that causes injuries to lots of people, targeting to assassin Brigance, and threaten everyone who supports black Americans. The closing trial causes people realize the justice does not serve in the trial due to racism when Brigance tells the jury to close their eyes and imagine the rape story, he describes and painful detail of Tonya, and in the end, says&amp;quot; now imagine she is white&amp;quot;. This closing argument deliberates Carl Lee and displays that the race status still affects the decision within the trial&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://film-vault.fandom.com/wiki/A_Time_to_Kill&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Fences_(2016)&amp;diff=6358288</id>
		<title>Fences (2016)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Fences_(2016)&amp;diff=6358288"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:53:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Fences was released on December 25, 2016, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by BRON Studios. The movie storyline was written by August Wilson, and directed by Denzel Washington. The movie was based on a Pulitzer Prize-winning play named &amp;quot;Fences&amp;quot; that was written by August Wilson in the early 1980s. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2671706/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.[[File:Fences.jpg|thumb|Fences Movie Poster &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://prosperityconnection.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Fences.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Troy Maxson (Denzel Washington) and Jim Bono (Stephen Henderson) have a conversation in the yard after finishing their job as garbage men in 1957. Troy tells him that his boss has prohibited African Americans driving garbage trucks in the company. At the same time, Rose Maxson (Viola Davis) joins them and tells Troy that Cory (Jovan Adepo), their son, has just been drafted for the football team in his college. Reminiscing back to his old prime time, he believes that Cory would not get the same opportunity as the white men get in the football team. Troy lives with his wife, brother, and sons. Troy's brother does not work as he got a brain injury during World War II. As the family turns out to rely on Troy, he feels emotionally suppressed. He even forbids Cory to be on the football team. However, Cory still insists to be a part of the football team, as he believes football can change their life as a way out of poverty. Troy decides to expel Cory from the house. In the end, seven years later after the fight, Troy passed away and all of his family came to the funeral including Cory, who has joined the Marines, despite the conflict that occurred before&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.fords.org/performances/past-productions/fences/synopsis/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The film portrays how limited the opportunity for African American people. One of the scenes shows that Troy's boss creating a policy where African American men are prohibited from driving garbage trucks. Troy also mentions that when he was young, he is never given a chance to seize the opportunity in a baseball professional league. Moreover, racism not only suppresses the opportunity but can create a change of mindset in African American people as shown by Troy. Troy is an example of how the bitter past due to racism can change the whole picture: family dynamics, personal emotions, and belittling what people capable of &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://prosperityconnection.org/2017/02/fences/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Let_the_Fire_Burn_(2013)&amp;diff=6358261</id>
		<title>Let the Fire Burn (2013)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Let_the_Fire_Burn_(2013)&amp;diff=6358261"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:48:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Let the Fire Burn was released on October 2, 2013, in the USA. The American documentary film was produced by Amigo Media. The movie was directed by Jason Osder. The documentary production does not do any interviews, the process only finding and showing the footage as Osder wants to let the footage speak itself&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6176928/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
The documentary tries to portray how a bombing tragedy to black Americans that occurred in 1984. It all started when John Africa founded MOVE, a group with the principle of back-to-nature, in 1972. As they grew, MOVE's method shifts into giving speech through a bullhorn, campaign unsanitized which drew the attention of law enforcement in Philadelphia. Then, in 1978, an incident occurred where the MOVE members refused to comply with the regulation. For that reason, there was a shootout among police and MOVE members.  Although MOVE said the police did all the raid, nine MOVE's members were sentenced and imprisoned. After that, MOVE still tries to create a campaign where eventually the police rage towards the action. The law enforcement bombed the house on Osage Avenue where MOVE members lived. They did not only bomb the house, but they also burn the houses and let the houses burnt down to ashes with the victims who were poor, African Americans at a very young age&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://thedissolve.com/reviews/249-let-the-fire-burn/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The film shows the Rodney King's tape that one unarmed black American who already surrendered are beaten, kicked, and stomped by three policemen. The scene also shows where Philadelphia police bomb African American houses while there were children in them. Police do not extinguish the firebombing, they just let the fire burn the houses and the Africa Americans&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2119463/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl#synopsis&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Spinning_Into_Butter_(2007)&amp;diff=6358244</id>
		<title>Spinning Into Butter (2007)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Spinning_Into_Butter_(2007)&amp;diff=6358244"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:42:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Spinning Into Butter was screened on March 27, 2009, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Whitsett Hill Films. The movie storyline was written by Doug Atchison, and directed by Mark Brokaw. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0469976/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The film is based on Rebecca Gilman's Broadway play in 1999&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.popcornreel.com/htm/spinningrev.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:5S2I2JNK352H7QQQRIJEN247X4.jpg|thumb|Sarah in Spinning into Butter&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.nydailynews.com/resizer/T96XytOw_yGSLbFg2CE0rgyOMu0=/415x280/top/arc-anglerfish-arc2-prod-tronc.s3.amazonaws.com/public/5S2I2JNK352H7QQQRIJEN247X4.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Sarah Daniels (Sarah Jessica Parker) is appointed to be the dean at Belmont College. In the second year, she tries to assist a gifted student, Patrick Chibas (Victor Rasuk), to get a scholarship. She tells him to claim as a Hispanic race though he wants to be called Puerto Rican from New York when the scholarship committee asks him. In near time, discrimination goes wild as Simon Brick (Paul James), a black American student, gets a racist note on the door of his locker.  Eventually, the polices investigate the news with the university president (James Rebhorn) and deans (Miranda Richardson and Beau Bridges). The riot then occurs between races and Dean Parker's past exposed. Later, she is found that she was a teacher in one of the schools in Lancaster where major students are African Americans. Her paranoia and prejudice towards  African Americans raise due to an incident at the school. That's why he moves to Belmont College where most students are white. In the end, she makes a ten-point list to resolve the racism in Belmont College&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/18897/spinning-into-butter&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie shows that discrimination and prejudice still exist in college and universities in America. It is portrayed in the scene when Simon gets racist notes. What even worse is the college tries to silence the non-white students especially black Americans. One of the scenes also shows that one of the white students tells black students that a ghetto is a place where black Americans belong. The conflict even causes a race riot between the white students and non-white students including African American students&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://archive.boston.com/ae/movies/articles/2009/03/27/spinning_into_butter/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Kill_a_Mockingbird_(1962)&amp;diff=6358218</id>
		<title>To Kill a Mockingbird (1962)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Kill_a_Mockingbird_(1962)&amp;diff=6358218"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:35:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;To Kill a Mockingbird was released on March 16, 1963, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by Pakula-Mulligan. The movie storyline was written by Horton Foote, and directed by Robert Mulligan. The movie was the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056592/?ref_=ttls_li_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Mockingbird1.jpg|thumb|Atticus and Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://api.time.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/mockingbird1.jpeg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
In 1932, Scout (Mary Badham) and her brother Jem (Philip Alford) live with his father, Atticus Finch (Gregory Peck). Atticus is a lawyer in Maycomb, Alabama. Their new neighbor just comes named Dill Harris (John Megna). Atticus is asked to defend Tom Robinson(Brock Peter), an African American, who was accused of raping a white woman named Mayella Violet Ewell (Collin Wilcox). As Atticus tries to defend Tom, their family gets threatened by everybody in the town. Scout and Jem get into fights and sometimes get insulted in the school as their father tries to defend an African American&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/to-kill-a-mockingbird-2001&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Despite that, Atticus teaches his children to be more empathic and not calling other names nigger. Atticus has proved everything where Tom Robinson is innocent, no sexual attack, and the lie that is made by Mayella. Nevertheless, all jury considers Tom Robinson as guilty. At last, Tom is reported that he had been shot by the Sheriff's deputy as Tom tries to run out of prison. Still, Atticus's children are assaulted, and eventually, the intruder gets killed by Boo Radley, as Boo tries to save Atticus's children from getting killed&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056592/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl#synopsis&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The film portrays how racism designates accusations, bias, and injustice at the time. Starting from the first trial, when Tom is arrested, everyone believes that Myella was assaulted as their hatred towards black Americans is relatively high. The people also rage when Atticus believes that Tom is innocent, as the people believe that black Americans always do cruel actions. Most people hate somebody who tries to support and defend black Americans despite the innocence. Another scene shows that even the true criminal such as Boo Radley is not locked up in the prison. This is possible because Sheriff by putting in the same prison with Tom is a disturbing punishment to white men. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://literarydevices.net/to-kill-a-mockingbird-racism/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=A_Time_to_Kill_(1996)&amp;diff=6358174</id>
		<title>A Time to Kill (1996)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=A_Time_to_Kill_(1996)&amp;diff=6358174"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:28:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A Time to Kill was released on July 24, 1996, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Films. The movie storyline was written by Akiva Goldsman, and directed by Joel Schumacher. The movie was based on the novel A Time to Kill written by John  Grisham in 1989&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0117913/?ref_=ttpl_pl_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:MV5BMDU5NzZiMjktM2E5My00NTAzLTk5YmUtMTM3ZTgyZGVkZmRmXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyODg0OTM4NTc@. V1 .jpg|thumb|Carl Lee in A Time to Kill &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i1.wp.com/thespool.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/MV5BMDU5NzZiMjktM2E5My00NTAzLTk5YmUtMTM3ZTgyZGVkZmRmXkEyXkFqcGdeQXVyODg0OTM4NTc@._V1_.jpg?resize=1065%2C600&amp;amp;ssl=1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
A 10-year old daughter, Tony Hailey, is raped by two white boys. The Sheriff arrests the two boys and puts them into a temporary prison. Tonya's father, Carl Lee (Samuel L. Jackson), realizes that the two boys will walk free instead of going to prison. Thus, he takes his rifle, kills both boys within the country courthouse, yet injures Deputy Dwayne Looney unintentionally. Carl then gets arrested and Jake Brigance (Matthew McConaughey) tries to defend him as his lawyer. However, the trial goes unfairly as Rufus Buckley (Kevin Spacey), the district attorney, is racist and sentenced Carl to the death penalty. Brigance formes his defense team to prove that Carl should be deliberated from the punishment. As the trial runs, the defense team gets threatened, injured, and even death due to racial demonstrations from the Ku Klux Klan. Lastly, Brigance proves that Carl should be free and said to be innocent by the jury&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/4820/a-time-to-kill&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie depicts how justice does not served equally. In Mississippi, racism is quite common as Jake Brigance explains in the scene that white rapers can walk free even if they truly do rape African American women. It can be seen from the movie that the Ku Klux Klan do whatever they can do to stop the trial by creating a violent riot that causes injuries to lots of people, targeting to murder Brigance, and threaten everyone who supports African Americans. The closing trial makes people realize the racism is not served equally when Brigance tells the jury to close their eyes and imagine the rape story, he describes and painful detail of Tonya, and in the end, says&amp;quot; now imagine she is white&amp;quot;. This closing argument deliberates Carl Lee and displays that the race status still affects the decision within the trial&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://film-vault.fandom.com/wiki/A_Time_to_Kill&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Spook_Who_Sat_by_the_Door_(1973)&amp;diff=6358157</id>
		<title>The Spook Who Sat by the Door (1973)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Spook_Who_Sat_by_the_Door_(1973)&amp;diff=6358157"/>
		<updated>2021-02-22T16:26:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The Spook Who Sat by the Door was released on December 23, 1973, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by Bokari. The movie storyline was written by Melvin Clay, and directed by Ivan Dixon. The movie is based on the novel named &amp;quot;The Spook Who Sat by the Door&amp;quot;, which was written by Sam Greenlee and published in 1969. The novel is considered as one of the most important cult-classic novels during that time&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070726/?ref_=ttls_li_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The movie premiere is said to be successful, though some people said that the theater managers were told by the government officials to take down the screening of the movie&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/features/battle-chicago-spook-who-sat-door&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
In gaining black American's trust, a white politician decides to call the  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) a racist institution for not employing black American people as their employees. After a strict selection, Dan Freeman is chosen to be the first African American employee of the CIA. Dan completes his guerilla warfare, clandestine operations, and unarmed combat. However, during his time in the CIA, he is treated racistly by his superiors for five years&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0070726/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. After that, he decides to resign from the CIA and goes back to his hometown, Chicago. In Chicago, he becomes a social services bureau, though the job is only as a cover of his other job. His other job is a street gang member of the Cobras that prepares for arranging a campaign against the government. He trains all of the gang members with drills that he got during in the CIA. In the end, Dan creates a battalion in having a war with the government just like he says &amp;quot;We are going to turn the American dream into a nightmare&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie depicts how the anti-racism movement can be accomplished in different ways. In one of the scenes,  Dan does a monologue on what his grandmother told him to do in fighting racism &amp;quot;Get an education because that is the only thing the white man can't take away from you&amp;quot;. While the extreme method to fight anti-racism is by organizing an opposition demonstration towards the government as racism can't be tolerated anymore. Racism has created a deep pain towards African American people in the movie that causes commotion in the country&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.newyorker.com/culture/the-front-row/the-troubling-fate-of-a-1973-film-about-the-first-black-man-in-the-cia&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Coca-Cola_Company&amp;diff=6320153</id>
		<title>The Coca-Cola Company</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Coca-Cola_Company&amp;diff=6320153"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T12:35:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Black Empowerment Commercials */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The Coca-Cola Company or Coca-Cola is a beverage company that is based in Atlanta, USA. It was started on May 8, 1886, as Dr. John Pemberton served the first Coca-Cola at Jacobs' Pharmacy. Right now, the Coca-Cola Company has around 200 brands including Coca-Cola, Minute Maid, Powerade, and Costa coffee&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.coca-colacompany.com/company&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment Commercials==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Open-cola.png|thumb|Open Like Never Before by The Coca-Cola Company&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.netimperative.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/open-cola.png&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Due to a serial racism incident in 2020, Coca-Cola had halted their social media for 30 days showing a boycott of racist content. This was done after the chairman and CEO of the Coca-Cola Company stated &amp;quot;There is no place for racism in the world and there is no place for racism on social media&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.nst.com.my/world/world/2020/06/603920/coca-cola-joins-anti-racism-boycott-social-media-advertising&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. After the social media advertising hiatus, Coca-Cola came back with a campaign that portrays how should we live and embrace the differences among everyone. It can be seen as the commercial narrates that we do not have to back to normal as this time is the opportunity to be  more gentle, braver, more mindful and better than before. This is the time to make a difference as we have the opportunity (half-full) #OpenLikeNeverBefore. The commercial named &amp;quot;Open Like Never Before&amp;quot; features George Mpanga, the African American great poet's poem. George The Poet stated that the message was brought from his experience. He believes that there is always an opportunity to bring a change in many things such as the covid-19 pandemic has reflected all of us to stay strong, united, and more patient adapting with the situation that we're facing right now&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.netimperative.com/2020/08/06/coca-cola-comes-out-of-advertising-lockdown-with-manifesto-for-change-commercial/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The commercial shows that &amp;quot;better normal&amp;quot; means being open to listening to others, respecting others, and removing injustice&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.marketingweek.com/coca-cola-new-campaign-post-lockdown/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Commercials]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Malcolm_X_(1992)&amp;diff=6320136</id>
		<title>Malcolm X (1992)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Malcolm_X_(1992)&amp;diff=6320136"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T12:26:11Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Black Empowerment */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Malcolm X was screened on November 18, 1992, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Largo International N.V., JVC Entertainment Networks, and 40 Acres &amp;amp; A Mule. The movie storyline was written and directed by Spike Lee. The movie was based on his biography and the book that was created by himself in fighting for equalities for all races, especially for African Americans. The movie actually was running out of budget.  Warner Bros. offers him 20 million USD and Lagor with 8 million USD for a foreign license. However he still needs 5 million, so, Spike Lee raised funds from his celebrity friends such as Oprah Winfrey, Michael Jordan, and Bill Cosby. After a positive reaction from the public, Warner Bros finally puts more funds into the movie.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0104797/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
The biographical saga of the prominent Black Nationalist leader, Malcolm X, from born as Malcolm Little became a gangster. Then, he goes to jail and discovered the Nation of Islam writings of Elijah Muhammad. He teaches the teachings of Islam when gets out of jail. Later on, he goes on a pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, where he converts to the original Islamic religion and becomes a Sunni Muslim. He decides to change his name from Malcolm to El-Hajj Malik Al-Shabazz. He does lots of campaigns as a member of the Nation of Islam and the African American community. In the end, he is assassinated on February 21, 1965, and dies a Muslim martyr.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:4fbc016a-b074-4412-9218-fc54d0779fcf-1020x612.jpg|thumb|Denzel Washington as Malcolm X. Photograph: Allstar/Cinetext/Warner Bros&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2015/2/17/1424204195439/4fbc016a-b074-4412-9218-fc54d0779fcf-1020x612.jpeg?width=445&amp;amp;quality=45&amp;amp;auto=format&amp;amp;fit=max&amp;amp;dpr=2&amp;amp;s=8e2a470f440d679355f986b539cbd44e&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie depicts how Malcolm X fights for African American people. It can be seen even at the beginning of the film where he states he charges the white man as the greatest assassin and the greatest abductor on earth. While each of 22 million black American people is the victims of America as the American flag was burnt to ashes. At the end of the movie, Nelson Mandela is featured when he was just got released, showing a sign of hope where African Americans can have the same rights as other races&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/feb/19/malcolm-x-spike-lee-biopic-black-cinema-selma-the-butler&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Bamboozled_(2000)&amp;diff=6320127</id>
		<title>Bamboozled (2000)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Bamboozled_(2000)&amp;diff=6320127"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T12:21:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Bamboozled was released on October 20, 2000, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by New Line Cinema. Spike Lee directed and wrote the storyline of the movie. The movie was made by Spike Lee in celebrating 100 year anniversary of cinema. However, he tries to bring the celebration from a different point of view, which is how the cinema has portrayed black people for the last 100 years&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0215545/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Pierre Delacroix (Damon Wayans) is stressed due to the dropping rating tv show of his company. Delacroix works as a television writer for a television media company. His boss, Thomas Dunwitty (Michael Rapaport) wants his employees to create an intriguing show that can boost the television ratings. After that day, Delacroix and Sloan (Jada Pinkett Smith), his assistant, propose an offensive and racist show as the solution. They hope that showing the racial black American fools show could create a disastrous show. They believe that by doing that they can be fired from the company as the company would get complaints and decrease their rating. However, reality does not go what they want. Yet, &amp;quot;Mantan: The Millenium Minstrel Show&amp;quot; goes successfully and becomes a hit. The show displays black American people use black faces made out of roasted cork while their lips are covered with red glossy lipsticks. Furthermore, the show portrays fumbles artists and self-deprecating racial jokes as actors do tap dances. Audiences who are mostly white people laugh loudly and enjoy the show. For that reason, the company executives state to create other Mantan shows to replace the mid-season television shows. But, after a period time of success, the African American people rage and cause turmoil to all people who take part in the show&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0215545/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl#synopsis&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ezgif-6-f60c5fd82ae3.jpg|thumb|Sloan (Jada Pinkett Smith) and Delacroix (Damon Wayans) in Bamboozled&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://ychef.files.bbci.co.uk/1600x900/p08d7wx4.webp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The film shows how Thomas Dunwitty, the boss, rejects all idea shows on positive messages and impacts towards black Americans. He also impersonates how African Americans speak and use the n-word all the time as he believes that marrying an African American woman allows him to say it. In addition, the movie portrays that the huge success in the movie industry is the explicitly-racist show&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20200515-spike-lees-masterpiece-about-racism-in-the-us&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Bamboozled_(2000)&amp;diff=6320117</id>
		<title>Bamboozled (2000)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Bamboozled_(2000)&amp;diff=6320117"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T12:15:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Bamboozled was released on October 20, 2000, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by New Line Cinema. Spike Lee directed and wrote the storyline of the movie. The movie was made by Spike Lee in celebrating 100 year anniversary of cinema. However, he tries to bring the celebration from a different point of view, which is how the cinema has portrayed black people for the last 100 years&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0215545/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Pierre Delacroix (Damon Wayans) is stressed due to the dropping popularity of television. Delacroix works as a television writer for a television media company. His boss, Thomas Dunwitty (Michael Rapaport) wants his employees to create an intriguing show that can boost the television ratings. After that day, Delacroix and Sloan (Jada Pinkett Smith), his assistant, propose an offensive and racist show as the solution. They hope that showing the racial black American fools show could create a disastrous show. They believe that by doing that they can be fired from the company as the company would get complaints and decrease their rating. However, reality does not go what they want. Yet, &amp;quot;Mantan: The Millenium Minstrel Show&amp;quot; goes successfully and becomes a hit. The show displays black American people use black faces made out of roasted cork while their lips are covered with red glossy lipsticks. Furthermore, the show portrays fumbles artists and self-deprecating racial jokes as actors do tap dances. Audiences who are mostly white people laugh loudly and enjoy the show. For that reason, the company executives state to create other Mantan shows to replace the mid-season television shows. But, after a period time of success, the African American people rage and cause turmoil to all people who take part in the show&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0215545/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl#synopsis&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ezgif-6-f60c5fd82ae3.jpg|thumb|Sloan (Jada Pinkett Smith) and Delacroix (Damon Wayans) in Bamboozled&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://ychef.files.bbci.co.uk/1600x900/p08d7wx4.webp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The film shows how Thomas Dunwitty, the boss, rejects all idea shows on positive messages and impacts towards black Americans. He also impersonates how African Americans speak and use the n-word all the time as he believes that marrying an African American woman allows him to say it. In addition, the movie portrays that the huge success in the movie industry is the explicitly-racist show&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20200515-spike-lees-masterpiece-about-racism-in-the-us&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Coca-Cola_Company&amp;diff=6320067</id>
		<title>The Coca-Cola Company</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Coca-Cola_Company&amp;diff=6320067"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T12:01:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Black Empowerment Commercials */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The Coca-Cola Company or Coca-Cola is a beverage company that is based in Atlanta, USA. It was started on May 8, 1886, as Dr. John Pemberton served the first Coca-Cola at Jacobs' Pharmacy. Right now, the Coca-Cola Company has around 200 brands including Coca-Cola, Minute Maid, Powerade, and Costa coffee&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.coca-colacompany.com/company&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment Commercials==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Open-cola.png|thumb|Open Like Never Before by The Coca-Cola Company&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.netimperative.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/open-cola.png&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Due to a serial racism incident in 2020, Coca-Cola had halted their social media for 30 days showing a boycott of racist content. This was done after the chairman and CEO of the Coca-Cola Company stated &amp;quot;There is no place for racism in the world and there is no place for racism on social media&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.nst.com.my/world/world/2020/06/603920/coca-cola-joins-anti-racism-boycott-social-media-advertising&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. After the social media advertising hiatus, Coca-Cola came back with a campaign that portrays how should we live and embrace the differences among everyone. It can be seen as the commercial narrates &amp;quot;Wait stop, who says we have to back to normal? This is our opportunity to start over - more humble, mindful, braver, and better than we've ever been. The glass isn't half-empty, it's half full and we all can make a difference when we are #OpenLikeNeverBefore&amp;quot;. The commercial named &amp;quot;Open Like Never Before&amp;quot; features George Mpanga, the African American great poet,'s poem. George The Poet stated that “The underlying message of this campaign is close to my heart. During my career I’ve always had to be open to the idea of change – switching from rap to poetry, from music to podcasts – being open gives you an advantage in all aspects of life. Covid-19 gave me a moment to reflect at a time when the world came to standstill, made me more patient, and adapt to different ways of working. Going forward I’m going to do what I can to seize the moment and be open to change like never before&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.netimperative.com/2020/08/06/coca-cola-comes-out-of-advertising-lockdown-with-manifesto-for-change-commercial/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;”. The commercial shows that &amp;quot;better normal&amp;quot; means being open to listening to others, respecting others, and removing injustice&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.marketingweek.com/coca-cola-new-campaign-post-lockdown/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Commercials]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Ali_(2001)&amp;diff=6320019</id>
		<title>Ali (2001)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Ali_(2001)&amp;diff=6320019"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T11:55:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Ali was released on December 25, (2001), in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Columbia Pictures. The movie storyline was written by Stephen J. Rivele, and directed by Michael Mann. The movie was based on the life story of Muhammad Ali, a man who is considered the greatest boxer of all time&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0248667/?ref_=ttls_li_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1964, a young pro boxer named Cassius Clay just won the Olympic gold medal. His upcoming fight is against Sonny Liston. Clay increases his practice load in training and explicitly mocks the opponent by making funny rhymes in winning the crowd over. As the fight results show, Clay defeats Liston and becomes the Heavyweight Champion. After achieving fame for his boxing match and appearance in supporting the African American, Ali (who changes his name from Clay to Muhammad Ali) is drafted into the army in the Vietnam war. He decides to not taking part in the war and for that reason, he is sentenced to jail, stripped of all his titles, and rejected from the boxing tournament. However, after several years, Ali acquires the Supreme Court approval and finally sets out to the boxing tournament.  Even though he loses his prime boxing years time, Ali still wins the boxing championship at 32 years old while his opponent, Foreman, is a 24-year-old boxer&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; https://themoviespoiler.com/Spoilers/ali.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie does not show Ali as a great boxer, but as a brave African American who dared to speak for equity and the same rights for everyone. He asks everything about white supremacy as the scene shows where Ali says &amp;quot;why the media would beautify everything white, and do the opposite with everything black. This came at a time when black men were not supposed to stand straight and look white people in the eye&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://theundefeated.com/features/muhammad-ali-and-the-complexity-of-black-identity/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. He also defies the draft although some people considered his act as unpatriotic, he answers there is no need to fight them as he says &amp;quot;No Viet Cong ever called me nigger&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/ali-2001&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Still, Ali has shown what it meant to be a minority in a majority group and everyone has their rights to live and make their own decision as he says &amp;quot;I don’t have to be who you want me to be. I’m free to be who I want&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://theundefeated.com/features/muhammad-ali-and-the-complexity-of-black-identity/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=42_(2013)&amp;diff=6319947</id>
		<title>42 (2013)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=42_(2013)&amp;diff=6319947"/>
		<updated>2021-02-21T11:48:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;42 was released on April 12, 2011, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Warner Bros. The movie storyline was written and directed by Brian Helgeland. The movie was based on the life story of Jackie Robinson, the first African-American to play in the major leagues. What he brought to Major League Baseball was exceptional, and in return, Major League Baseball retired Jackie Robinson’s number 42 for every team&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0453562/?ref_=ttls_li_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:1117321.jpg|thumb|Jackie Robinson (Chadwick Boseman) in 42&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/17621397/1117321.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
From the 1940s to the 1950s, race and color skin were still a barrier for players to enter the baseball pro competition. Branch Rickey, Executive of Brooklyn Dodgers, set to bring a bold idea to change the unspoken rule in Baseball. He recruited Jackie Robinson, the first African American Major League player, to his team. Since the first time they met, Rickey has told him there will be people who would scold him for being black, and eventually, Jackie agrees if he gets his own number on his uniform back.&lt;br /&gt;
At first, many Dodgers players wary and sign a petition against the team's decision. Throughout the tournament, he got aggressive mockery from everywhere, the fans of Dodgers, his teammates, opponents. However, he also got support from his surroundings, his wife, teammates, journalists, and African Americans. In the end, he brings the Dodgers to the World Series by hitting a home run despite his injury which just occurred before&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; https://themoviespoiler.com/movies/42-2013/ &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie shows that anti-racism has to be done with nobility, not commotion. As the scene shows where Robinson asks Rickey who looks for a player who doesn't have the guts to fight back. Rickey answers &amp;quot;No, I want a player who has the guts not to fight back&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.deseret.com/2013/4/11/20517812/42-confronts-racism-with-quiet-dignity#chadwick-boseman-as-jackie-robinson-and-andre-holland-as-wendell-smith-in-42&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Also, the surroundings of Jackie tries to empower him like when the scene shows Jackie got booed in Cincinnati, Pee Wee Reese stands next to Jackie and puts his arm around him,  showing the symbol where Jackie has the same standpoint as him. The epilogue also explains how Jackie, Ricket, and Pee Wee Reese got inaugurated into the Baseball Hall of Fame and Jackie's number &amp;quot;42&amp;quot; is the only number retired from Major League Baseball&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://themoviespoiler.com/movies/42-2013/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Ray_(2004)&amp;diff=6303347</id>
		<title>Ray (2004)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Ray_(2004)&amp;diff=6303347"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:37:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Ray was released on October 29, 2004, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Universal Pictures. The movie storyline was written and directed by Taylor Hackford. The movie eventually won 2 Oscars where Jamie Foxx won as the leading actor, and the sound mixing category&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0350258/?ref_=nm_knf_t1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ray.jpg|thumb|Ray Charles in Ray &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.pluggedin.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/ray.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Ray Charles (Jamie Foxx) goes to Seattle, Washington to become a pianist for a nightclub band. However, Ray is lied to by the club owner and decides to leave the band. Then, he joins a country band where eventually gets introduced to heroin. Ray was blind due to the trauma of his brother's death, and wear sunglasses to hide his blindness. After several tours, he becomes more popular, and by then, the head of Atlantic Records contacts and offers him a record contract. Ray initiates his first hit named &amp;quot;The Mess Around&amp;quot; which raises his fame in music. He falls in love with Della Bea (Kerry Washington), a minister's daughter, and gets married. While on his way back to his home after the concert, Ray is found out of using heroin by Della, and Della insists him to quit using heroin. As his fame raises, Ray is having an affair with several women. He is having an affair with Mary Anne (Aunjanue Ellis), one of the singers in Ray's concert. Also, he is having an affair with Margie (Regina King). the singer backup. However, Mary Anne leaves Ray and his band and throws a brick at Ray's car as she was jealous of Margie. Ultimately, Margie leaves Ray as she wants to make a solo career. In the 1970s, Ray and Della find out that Margie died due to a drug overdose. Thus, Ray tries his best to have rehab treatment. In the end, Ray gets off drugs and obtains his distinguished achievements&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.pluggedin.com/movie-reviews/ray/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
In Ray's lifetime, prejudice towards black racism is quite violent and intense. Ray fights with his own method. For instance, it is shown in the 1960s, Ray complained about African American concertgoers are placed in the balcony while other white people can see the concert right in front of the stage. He says that he will not start the concert unless the African Americans have the same right to watch the concert in front of the stage. However, his criticism leads to a ban to have a concert in Georgia. However, after 20 years of prohibition, the state law is changed where there is not segregated show anymore in Georgia, and finally, Ray is allowed to have a performance in Georgia. Therefore, he creates a song named &amp;quot;Georgia on My Mind&amp;quot; to commemorate the downfall of segregation rules in Georgia which then the song becomes a hit&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://socialistworker.org/2004-2/520/520_09_Ray.php&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Invictus_(2009)&amp;diff=6303336</id>
		<title>Invictus (2009)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Invictus_(2009)&amp;diff=6303336"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:34:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Black Empowerment */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Invictus was released on December 11, 2009, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by Warner Bros. The movie storyline was written by Anthony Peckham, and directed by Clint Eastwood. The movie was based on the biopic book true story of how Nelson Mandela unify the South African nation through the rugby game. The book itself was named &amp;quot;Invictus: Nelson Mandela and the Game that Made a Nation&amp;quot; written by John Carlin.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1057500/?ref_=ttpl_pl_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1994, Nelson Mandela (Morgan Freeman) is elected as the first black president of South Africa after his imprisonment for 27 years. However, he gets a serious issue to handle since the independence day of the nation, the apartheid system. The system has created violent racism between the white South African and black South African. He realized that unification of the nation should be done through the inspiration of the rugby game. For that reason, he invites Francois Pienaar (Matt Damon), the captain of the Springbok rugby team, to discuss how the nation should be strong and prosperous by inviting everyone to be a part of the unification experience. Nelson Mandela wants to bring all South Africans to support the Springboks, the best rugby team in South Africa yet the most hated by the Blacks as the team consists of many White South Africans. The team trains and plays as their whole nation begin to support the Springboks, the underdog team in the World Cup. Eventually, the Springboks of South African wins the Rugby World Cup in 1995&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.cinemaperaestudiants.cat/activitats/Activitats2010/invictusplot.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Damon-and-freeman-a253a0342748e56dc1f4b60ba8d7cd3380f9ae55-s600-c85.jpg|thumb|Mandela and Pienaar in winning the Rugby World Cup &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://media.npr.org/assets/artslife/movies/2009/12/invictus/damon-and-freeman-a253a0342748e56dc1f4b60ba8d7cd3380f9ae55-s600-c85.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Nelson Mandela tries to demonstrate how racialism is handled through reconciliation and forgiveness. This is shown in the scene where he appoints Fendrick Booyens (Matt Stern) and Etienne Feyder (Julian Lewis Jones), the white members who threaten the Blacks with violence, as his bodyguards. He also decides to keep all white staffers of the previous president to be working with Nelson Mandela. Although his colleagues resist Mandela's decision, they finally realize how important to show that they have to be an example where both races can collaborate with peace and create an excellent result. As Mandela says, &amp;quot;The rainbow nation starts right here. Reconciliation starts right here. Forgiveness starts right here.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/19527/invictus&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, Mandela has shown how racism can be tackled through kindness.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Invictus_(2009)&amp;diff=6303303</id>
		<title>Invictus (2009)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Invictus_(2009)&amp;diff=6303303"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:31:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Invictus was released on December 11, 2009, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by Warner Bros. The movie storyline was written by Anthony Peckham, and directed by Clint Eastwood. The movie was based on the biopic book true story of how Nelson Mandela unify the South African nation through the rugby game. The book itself was named &amp;quot;Invictus: Nelson Mandela and the Game that Made a Nation&amp;quot; written by John Carlin.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1057500/?ref_=ttpl_pl_tt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1994, Nelson Mandela (Morgan Freeman) is elected as the first black president of South Africa after his imprisonment for 27 years. However, he gets a serious issue to handle since the independence day of the nation, the apartheid system. The system has created violent racism between the white South African and black South African. He realized that unification of the nation should be done through the inspiration of the rugby game. For that reason, he invites Francois Pienaar (Matt Damon), the captain of the Springbok rugby team, to discuss how the nation should be strong and prosperous by inviting everyone to be a part of the unification experience. Nelson Mandela wants to bring all South Africans to support the Springboks, the best rugby team in South Africa yet the most hated by the Blacks as the team consists of many White South Africans. The team trains and plays as their whole nation begin to support the Springboks, the underdog team in the World Cup. Eventually, the Springboks of South African wins the Rugby World Cup in 1995&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.cinemaperaestudiants.cat/activitats/Activitats2010/invictusplot.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Damon-and-freeman-a253a0342748e56dc1f4b60ba8d7cd3380f9ae55-s600-c85.jpg|thumb|Mandela and Pienaar in winning the Rugby World Cup &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://media.npr.org/assets/artslife/movies/2009/12/invictus/damon-and-freeman-a253a0342748e56dc1f4b60ba8d7cd3380f9ae55-s600-c85.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Nelson Mandela tries to show how racism is handled through reconciliation and forgiveness. This is shown in the scene where he appoints Fendrick Booyens (Matt Stern) and Etienne Feyder (Julian Lewis Jones), the white members who threaten the Blacks with violence, as his bodyguards. He also decides to keep all white staffers of the previous president to be working with Nelson Mandela. Although his colleagues resist Mandela's decision, they finally realize how important to show that they have to be an example where both races can collaborate with peace and create an excellent result. As Mandela says, &amp;quot;The rainbow nation starts right here. Reconciliation starts right here. Forgiveness starts right here.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/19527/invictus&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, Mandela has shown how racism can be tackled through kindness.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Bamboozled_(2000)&amp;diff=6303120</id>
		<title>Bamboozled (2000)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Bamboozled_(2000)&amp;diff=6303120"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:25:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Bamboozled was released on October 20, 2000, in the USA. The American Drama film was produced by New Line Cinema. Spike Lee directed and wrote the storyline of the movie. The movie was made by Spike Lee in celebrating 100 year anniversary of cinema. However, he tries to bring the celebration from a different point of view, which is how the cinema has portrayed black people for the last 100 years&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0215545/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Pierre Delacroix (Damon Wayans) is stressed due to the dropping popularity of television. Delacroix works as a television writer for a television media company. His boss, Thomas Dunwitty (Michael Rapaport) wants his employees to create an intriguing show that can boost the television ratings. After that day, Delacroix and Sloan (Jada Pinkett Smith), his assistant, propose an offensive and racist show as the solution. They believe that people would only want to watch African American fools. Though, their real intention was hoping to be fired by the company as the show is so disastrous. However, reality does not go what they want. Instead, the show which is named &amp;quot;Mantan: The Millenium Minstrel Show&amp;quot;  goes successfully. The show portrays African American people use black faces made out of roasted cork and use red glossy lipsticks on the lips. The show also displays an actor fumbles artists quotes and self-deprecating racial cokes while the other actor does tap dances. Audiences who are mostly white people laugh loudly and enjoy the show. For that reason, the company executives state to create other Mantan shows to replace the mid-season television shows. But, after a period time of success, the African American people rage and cause turmoil to all people who take part in the show(&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0215545/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl#synopsis&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ezgif-6-f60c5fd82ae3.jpg|thumb|Sloan (Jada Pinkett Smith) and Delacroix (Damon Wayans) in Bamboozled&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://ychef.files.bbci.co.uk/1600x900/p08d7wx4.webp&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie shows how the boss, Thomas Dunwitty, rejects all idea movies about African Americans bring positive messages and impacts. He also impersonates how African Americans speak and use the n-word all the time as he believes that marrying an African American woman allows him to say it. In addition, the movie portrays that the huge success in the movie industry is the explicitly-racist show&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20200515-spike-lees-masterpiece-about-racism-in-the-us&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Boyz_n_the_Hood_(1991)&amp;diff=6302797</id>
		<title>Boyz n the Hood (1991)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Boyz_n_the_Hood_(1991)&amp;diff=6302797"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:16:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Boyz n the Hood was released on July 12, 1991, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Columbia Pictures. The movie storyline was written and directed by John Singleton. Through this movie, Singleton became the youngest and first African American to receive the best director nomination at the time&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;hhttps://www.imdb.com/title/tt0101507/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Tre's mother has raised her kid since he's a baby. However, Tre starts to listen to his naughty friends instead of her. Therefore, she decides to send Tre to live with Furious, his father. Tre Styles (Cuba Gooding, Jr.) starts to live with his dad, Furious Styles (Laurence Fishburne), in the city at the age of ten. Furious Styles decides to raise his son with strict rules in making sure that he is raised well educated and self-respect despite the crime and drugs in their neighborhood. Tre befriends with half-brothers, Doughboy (Ice Cube) and his brother Ricky (Morris Chestnut). Seven years later, Tre has become a well-educated young man who wants to stay out of trouble while Doughboy goes in and out of jail several times. Although Ricky settles his dream to have a better life through a football scholarship as his way out. Despite that, violence changes their life and their future in an instant&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0101507/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
[[file:_methode_times_prod_web_bin_fba58966-9c58-11e6-af4a-15a7db50bae8.jpg|thumb|Ricky, Tre, and Doughboy in Boyz n the Hood&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.thetimes.co.uk/imageserver/image/%2Fmethode%2Ftimes%2Fprod%2Fweb%2Fbin%2Ffba58966-9c58-11e6-af4a-15a7db50bae8.jpg?crop=1425%2C801%2C2%2C18&amp;amp;resize=1180&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The fight towards racism should be done with dignity and critical thinking which is shown when his neighborhood says &amp;quot;Imma shoot the muthafucka if he don't kill me first&amp;quot; and Furious states &amp;quot;you doin' exactly what they want you to do, you have to think young brother about your future&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://newsone.com/3816861/unforgettable-moments-boyz-n-the-hood/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Furious explains how to fight racism, poverty, and regaining the black community through dignity, education, and thinking far ahead. All of these qualities are taught to Tre like when Tre is loaded with chores, Furious says that he was teaching him to be responsible. When Tre nears a gang-life as Doughboy goes to jail, Furious says &amp;quot;You’re my only son, and I’m not gonna lose you to no bullshit, you hear?&amp;quot;. Still, the most memorable line in the movie is said by Furious in teaching him how to be a fully responsible guy “Any fool with a dick can make a baby, but only a real man can raise his children”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.the-father-hood.com/article/why-furious-styles-in-boyz-in-the-hood-is-hollywoods-greatest-dad/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Boyz_n_the_Hood_(1991)&amp;diff=6302772</id>
		<title>Boyz n the Hood (1991)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Boyz_n_the_Hood_(1991)&amp;diff=6302772"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:15:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Boyz n the Hood was released on July 12, 1991, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Columbia Pictures. The movie storyline was written and directed by John Singleton. Through this movie, Singleton became the youngest and first African American to receive the best director nomination at the time&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;hhttps://www.imdb.com/title/tt0101507/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
Tre's mother has raised her kid since he's a baby. However, Tre starts to listen to his naughty friends instead of her. Therefore, she decides to send Tre to live with Furious, his father. Tre Styles (Cuba Gooding, Jr.) starts to live with his dad, Furious Styles (Laurence Fishburne), in the city at the age of ten. Furious Styles decides to raise his son with strict rules in making sure that he is raised well educated and self-respect despite the crime and drugs in their neighborhood. Tre befriends with half-brothers, Doughboy (Ice Cube) and his brother Ricky (Morris Chestnut). Seven years later, Tre has become a well-educated young man who wants to stay out of trouble while Doughboy goes in and out of jail several times. Although Ricky settles his dream to have a better life through a football scholarship as his way out. Despite that, violence changes their life and their future in an instant&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0101507/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[file:_methode_times_prod_web_bin_fba58966-9c58-11e6-af4a-15a7db50bae8.jpg|thumb|Ricky, Tre, and Doughboy in Boyz n the Hood&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.thetimes.co.uk/imageserver/image/%2Fmethode%2Ftimes%2Fprod%2Fweb%2Fbin%2Ffba58966-9c58-11e6-af4a-15a7db50bae8.jpg?crop=1425%2C801%2C2%2C18&amp;amp;resize=1180&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]].&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The fight towards racism should be done with dignity and critical thinking which is shown when his neighborhood says &amp;quot;Imma shoot the muthafucka if he don't kill me first&amp;quot; and Furious states &amp;quot;you doin' exactly what they want you to do, you have to think young brother about your future&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://newsone.com/3816861/unforgettable-moments-boyz-n-the-hood/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Furious explains how to fight racism, poverty, and regaining the black community through dignity, education, and thinking far ahead. All of these qualities are taught to Tre like when Tre is loaded with chores, Furious says that he was teaching him to be responsible. When Tre nears a gang-life as Doughboy goes to jail, Furious says &amp;quot;You’re my only son, and I’m not gonna lose you to no bullshit, you hear?&amp;quot;. Still, the most memorable line in the movie is said by Furious in teaching him how to be a fully responsible guy “Any fool with a dick can make a baby, but only a real man can raise his children”&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.the-father-hood.com/article/why-furious-styles-in-boyz-in-the-hood-is-hollywoods-greatest-dad/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Malcolm_X_(1992)&amp;diff=6302498</id>
		<title>Malcolm X (1992)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Malcolm_X_(1992)&amp;diff=6302498"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:10:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Malcolm X was released on November 18, 1992, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Largo International N.V., JVC Entertainment Networks, and 40 Acres &amp;amp; A Mule. The movie storyline was written and directed by Spike Lee. The movie was based on his biography and the book that was created by himself in fighting for equalities for all races, especially for African Americans. The movie actually was running out of budget.  Warner Bros. offers him 20 million USD and Lagor with 8 million USD for a foreign license. However he still needs 5 million, so, Spike Lee raised funds from his celebrity friends such as Oprah Winfrey, Michael Jordan, and Bill Cosby. After a positive reaction from the public, Warner Bros finally puts more funds into the movie.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0104797/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
The biographical saga of the prominent Black Nationalist leader, Malcolm X, from born as Malcolm Little became a gangster. Then, he goes to jail and discovered the Nation of Islam writings of Elijah Muhammad. He teaches the teachings of Islam when gets out of jail. Later on, he goes on a pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, where he converts to the original Islamic religion and becomes a Sunni Muslim. He decides to change his name from Malcolm to El-Hajj Malik Al-Shabazz. He does lots of campaigns as a member of the Nation of Islam and the African American community. In the end, he is assassinated on February 21, 1965, and dies a Muslim martyr.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:4fbc016a-b074-4412-9218-fc54d0779fcf-1020x612.jpg|thumb|Denzel Washington as Malcolm X. Photograph: Allstar/Cinetext/Warner Bros&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2015/2/17/1424204195439/4fbc016a-b074-4412-9218-fc54d0779fcf-1020x612.jpeg?width=445&amp;amp;quality=45&amp;amp;auto=format&amp;amp;fit=max&amp;amp;dpr=2&amp;amp;s=8e2a470f440d679355f986b539cbd44e&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie depicts how Malcolm X fights for African American people. It can be seen even at the beginning of the film where he states &amp;quot;I charge the white man with being the greatest murderer on earth. I charge the white man with being the greatest kidnapper on earth. You are one of 22 million black people who are the victims of America.&amp;quot; while the American flag was burnt. At the end of the movie, Nelson Mandela is featured when he was just got released, showing a sign of hope where African Americans can have the same rights as other races&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/feb/19/malcolm-x-spike-lee-biopic-black-cinema-selma-the-butler&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Malcolm_X_(1992)&amp;diff=6302450</id>
		<title>Malcolm X (1992)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Malcolm_X_(1992)&amp;diff=6302450"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:09:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Malcolm X was released on November 18, 1992, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Largo International N.V., JVC Entertainment Networks, and 40 Acres &amp;amp; A Mule. The movie storyline was written and directed by Spike Lee. The movie was based on his biography and the book that was created by himself in fighting for equalities for all races, especially for African Americans. The movie actually was running out of budget.  Warner Bros. offers him 20 million USD and Lagor with 8 million USD for a foreign license. Though he still needs 5 million USDHowever, Spike Lee raised funds from his celebrity friends such as Oprah Winfrey, Michael Jordan, and Bill Cosby. After a positive reaction from the public, Warner Bros finally puts more funds into the movie.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0104797/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
The biographical saga of the prominent Black Nationalist leader, Malcolm X, from born as Malcolm Little became a gangster. Then, he goes to jail and discovered the Nation of Islam writings of Elijah Muhammad. He teaches the teachings of Islam when gets out of jail. Later on, he goes on a pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, where he converts to the original Islamic religion and becomes a Sunni Muslim. He decides to change his name from Malcolm to El-Hajj Malik Al-Shabazz. He does lots of campaigns as a member of the Nation of Islam and the African American community. In the end, he is assassinated on February 21, 1965, and dies a Muslim martyr.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:4fbc016a-b074-4412-9218-fc54d0779fcf-1020x612.jpg|thumb|Denzel Washington as Malcolm X. Photograph: Allstar/Cinetext/Warner Bros&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://i.guim.co.uk/img/static/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2015/2/17/1424204195439/4fbc016a-b074-4412-9218-fc54d0779fcf-1020x612.jpeg?width=445&amp;amp;quality=45&amp;amp;auto=format&amp;amp;fit=max&amp;amp;dpr=2&amp;amp;s=8e2a470f440d679355f986b539cbd44e&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie depicts how Malcolm X fights for African American people. It can be seen even at the beginning of the film where he states &amp;quot;I charge the white man with being the greatest murderer on earth. I charge the white man with being the greatest kidnapper on earth ... You are one of 22 million black people who are the victims of America.&amp;quot; while the American flag was burnt. At the end of the movie, Nelson Mandela is featured when he was just got released, showing a sign of hope where African Americans can have the same rights as other races&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/feb/19/malcolm-x-spike-lee-biopic-black-cinema-selma-the-butler&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=12_Years_a_Slave_(2013)&amp;diff=6302307</id>
		<title>12 Years a Slave (2013)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=12_Years_a_Slave_(2013)&amp;diff=6302307"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T16:07:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;12 Years a Slave was released on November 8, 2013, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by New Regency Production. The movie storyline was written by John Ridley, directed by Steve McQueen. The movie was based on the book that was created by Solomon Northup, that tells a story of his life as a slave for 12 years.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.theguardian.com/books/2014/jan/10/12-years-slave-uncle-toms-cabin&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
In 1841, Solomon Northup, an African American free man, is abducted and seized into slavery under the name 'Platt'. For 12 years, he faces the difficulties of being a slave under the hands of several owners. Through hope, determination, and bravery Northup must survive and endure those 12 years as a slave.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2024544/plotsummary?ref_=tt_stry_pl&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:1393776986479_patsey-5.jpg|thumb|Solomon in 12 Years a Slave&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://media.vanityfair.com/photos/53135959cca95fe051000020/master/w_2560%2Cc_limit/1393776986479_patsey-5.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
The movie reveals that surviving as a black race is quite fortunate. This was shown where One of the other captives tells Solomon that the key to survival is to keep quiet, never tell anyone his real name, and hide his ability to read and to write. Moreover, the movie portrays that black men and women have an astonishing hatred, brutality, and physical punishment as shown in the scene where Theophilus Freeman (Paul Giamatti), a New Orleans slave trader, humiliates the naked slaves up for sale, making it quite obvious that the black women are seen by promised customers as sexual dolls &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/25564/12-years-a-slave&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Hate_U_Give_(2018)&amp;diff=6302085</id>
		<title>The Hate U Give (2018)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Hate_U_Give_(2018)&amp;diff=6302085"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T15:52:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The Hate U Give was released on October 18, 2018, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Fox 2000 Pictures. The movie storyline was written by Audrey Wells, directed by George Tilmann Jr.. The movie was based on the New York Times best-selling author Angie Thomas, the title is The Hate U Give.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/the-hate-u-give/symbols/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Thug6.jpg|thumb|Starr Carter in The Hate U Give&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/thug6.jpg&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Starr Carter is regularly turning between two worlds: the poor, mostly black, neighborhood where she lives and the rich, mostly white, prep school she attends. The shaky tension between these worlds is smashed when Starr witnesses the fatal gunfire of her childhood best friend Khalil at the hands of a police officer&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://www.imdb.com/list/ls080005774/?ref_=tt_rels_4&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
In the movie, Starr’s called the police who shot Khalil as One Fifteen. Khalil died due to law enforcement criminalized young black Americans, not because of One-Fifteen. As One-Fifteen’s partners protect him, comforting him in the consequence of the shooting and trying to twist Starr’s testimony during her first interview, it becomes clear that One-Fifteen’s behavior is considered appropriate. The movie shows that the system is already shattered as stated by Starr &amp;quot;the problem lies in society’s inability to listen to black people&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://loyolaphoenix.com/2018/10/the-hate-u-give-explores-issues-of-racism-and-social-injustice/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Within_Our_Gates_(1920)&amp;diff=6301683</id>
		<title>Within Our Gates (1920)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Within_Our_Gates_(1920)&amp;diff=6301683"/>
		<updated>2021-02-20T15:21:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Plot */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Within Our Gates was released on January 12, 1920, in the USA. The American drama film was produced by Micheaux Book &amp;amp; Film Company. The movie storyline was written and directed by Oscar Micheaux. The main character is Sylvia Landry, who was portrayed by Flo Clements. The movie depicts an intelligent black woman with a traumatic past, betrayed by her fiancé, who devotes herself to supporting a heavily indebted school for exploited black youths.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sylvia Landry (Flo Clements) tries to raise 5,000 USD for maintaining a Southern private school for poor black children through a fundraising tour to Boston. She then meets Dr. Vivian (William Smith), a warmhearted man who falls in love with Sylvia and moves back to the South with her. There, Dr. Vivian learns about the painful and tragic past of Sylvia as her life was forever changed by prejudice.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
Oscar Micheaux was one of the earliest African-American directors and the movie has brought a revolution to film business where black Americans could take part in the film from cast on the movie and seen by the black audience in the theaters. It's a movie that demonstrates the movement of black women from the South to the North, a very significant occurrence during the early 20th century for African Americans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This movie responds explicitly to D.W. Griffith's film The Birth of a Country (1915), in which Micheaux argues that African Americans are also entitled to full American citizenship, is a movie that is groundbreaking in its social message&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/african-american-movies-white-authority-protests/index.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Undoubtedly, Micheaux's movies were cut and edited by censors. Some citizens were very sensitive to some of the things he portrayed in his movies, and in the summer of 1919, mass protests had just occurred in Chicago, so there was a lot of fear about showing a film so similar to such violent incidents that could rile up negative emotions&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://time.com/5774140/black-history-month-movies/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk_to_Me_(2007)&amp;diff=5635728</id>
		<title>Talk to Me (2007)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk_to_Me_(2007)&amp;diff=5635728"/>
		<updated>2021-02-03T17:47:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Talk to Me was released on August 3, 2007, in the USA. The American film was produced by Sidney Kimmel Entertainment, Mark Gordon Productions, and Pelagius Films. The film was written by Michael Genet, Rick Famuyiwa, and Michael Genet. The film was directed by Kasi Lemmons. The film is displaying how Ralph Waldo &amp;quot;Petey&amp;quot; Greene Jr. become a radio host and community activist through an on-air radio gig&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0796368/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0 Talk to Me (2007)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:EB20070712REVIEWS70620007AR.jpg|thumb|Don Cheadle as Petey Greene in Talk to Me (2007)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://static.rogerebert.com/uploads/review/primary_image/reviews/talk-to-me-2007/EB20070712REVIEWS70620007AR.jpg Petey Greene] RogerEbert. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Ralph Waldo &amp;quot;Petey&amp;quot; Greene (Don Cheadle), who was a radio DJ in the prison, meets Dewey Hughes (Chiwetel Ejiofor) when Dewey visits his brother in the prison. Dewey sees the talent and of Petey and upon Pete's release, Dewey gives Petey a job at the WOL radio station program for the morning show where many audiences are African Americans. Petey becomes a rockstar as his topics are related so much to the reality that just occurred on the streets. However, Petey's alcoholism and ego destroy his career and friendship with Dewey. Still, Petey goes back, apologizes, and befriends Dewey. As the civil rights movement awareness increases, the assassination of King brings despair to many African Americans and this has created riots across the country. But, Petey manages to calm the public rage and his voice is the only one that is heard by them. Eventually, Petey stops the riots and madness through radio talks and brings sentimental issues such as the Black Power movement nonviolently&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Tom Wiener. [http://www.mattsmoviereviews.net/movie-critic-reviews/talk%20to%20me.html Talk to Me (2007)] Matt's Movie Reviews. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
When the assassination of King occurred, African Americans outrage creating riots across the country. The assassination of Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. had brought hopelessness and wrath as this tragedy actually tried to halt the civil rights movement. At the moment of despair, it is seen that the pain that had brought to African Americans was so deep that many of them had a &amp;quot;blank&amp;quot; moment. Moreover, the tragedy created a madness across the country where the white segregationists seemed to take down the leader of the civil rights movement, and of course, the black Americans who were angry at the moment would unleash their anger towards cities and white people&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Roger Ebert. [https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/talk-to-me-2007 Fighting the power] RogerEbert. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. The only voice that actually calmed African Americans was Petey's voice. He and Dewey collaborated to prevent the killing of white businessmen from the anger of African Americans. Later on, he went to the radio, spoke to everyone telling them to pour out their anger by going home and not burning their city. He says &amp;quot;Bring your heartache. Bring your anger. We gonna work it out together.” and asked them to join him for a free James Brown concert the next night. He aspired many African Americans to stay calm and fight racism non violently as King always reminded everyone that racism can be banished through the nonviolent fight. Not only that, Petey had aspired many people to be interested to talk about the Civil Rights movement. What he had done had established a stage where African American's voices are spoken especially regarding the Black Power movement&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bob Hoose. [https://www.pluggedin.com/movie-reviews/talktome/ Talk to Me] PluggedIn. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=On_the_Other_Side_of_Freedom:_The_Case_for_Hope&amp;diff=5634384</id>
		<title>On the Other Side of Freedom: The Case for Hope</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=On_the_Other_Side_of_Freedom:_The_Case_for_Hope&amp;diff=5634384"/>
		<updated>2021-02-03T17:17:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;On the Other Side of Freedom: The Case for Hope was published on September 4th, 2018 by Viking. The book was written by Deray Mckesson. The book explains how an African American man tries to reveal how to create a world where everyone is taking accountability for believing and creating the world we want to live in through justice, freedom, and mindset&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/38562634-on-the-other-side-of-freedom On the Other Side of Freedom: The Case for Hope]. Goodreads. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:38562634.jpg|thumb|On the Other Side of Freedom: The Case for Hope Book Cover&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://i.gr-assets.com/images/S/compressed.photo.goodreads.com/books/1529573275l/38562634.jpg On the Other Side of Freedom: The Case for Hope Book Cover]. Goodreads. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
DeRay Mckesson, a 29-year-old African American activist, collaborates with thousands of people in protesting the police for the accountability and justice for the Black people in Ferguson, Missouri, in August 2014. The protest creates the Black Lives Matter movement which spread massively through the internet. Throughout history, it has shown that the government is unable or not willing to handle racism. Mckesson explains how the oppression remains to endure up to this era and how complex the racial system exists. He believes that we should be taking action to stop the prejudice that becomes more obvious these days. With the development of technology, hope even lights brighter so we can dismantle racism and create a better world for our children with equal justice and freedom&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/586471/on-the-other-side-of-freedom-by-deray-mckesson/ On the Other Side of Freedom] Penguin Random House. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The book invites people to take action in stopping racism. Mckesson writes about his experience in joining thousands of people who protest asking the accountability and justice to police in Ferguson, Missouri in 2014. As Mckesson writes &amp;quot;Protest is, in its own way, a storytelling,”. The protest becomes the first demonstration of the Black Lives Matter movement and an illustration for many demonstrations in other cities. With the development of technology especially Twitter, the protest and campaign could be seen in real-time. This has prevented the authorities in Ferguson and Missouri to create a misinterpretation or fake news. With the platform that has been established, he believes that the civil rights movement can be rallied massively across the world&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Otis R. Taylor Jr. [https://datebook.sfchronicle.com/books/on-the-other-side-of-freedom-by-deray-mckesson ‘On the Other Side of Freedom,’ by DeRay Mckesson] Datebook. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. As the government was unable or unwilling to stop racism, he writes that we had to do the work. He encourages people that hope remains to exist, and faith should be pushed forward to reclaim the assurance. As he writes in the book&amp;quot;We can win. And if we do, it will be because more of us understood that this is a system of choices, and we have learned how to build power to make new choices. When they say that power concedes nothing without a demand, they are reminding us that the demand has to create something new-a new power dynamic, a new reality. And hope is the fuel of this demand. Hope is not magic. Hope is work. Let's get to the work.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [https://www.npr.org/books/titles/659912660/on-the-other-side-of-freedom-the-case-for-hope#excerpt Excerpt: On The Other Side Of Freedom] NPR. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
Mckesson explains how the protests of the civil rights movement are like especially for the Black Americans. He describes that the protest is seen as a matter of life and death since they are being sprayed by pepper, smoke bombed, and shot at with rubber bullets despite the peaceful protest Mckesson and others brought&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/deray-mckesson/on-the-other-side-of-freedom/ ON THE OTHER SIDE OF FREEDOM] Kirkus Media LLC. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. He states &amp;quot;There’s a double standard to protest in America. Something is different for black people who should dare to ask questions, and further, for those who protest in blackness. Protest in and by black bodies is never deemed legitimate, never deemed worthy of engagement. It seems that we have simply have not earned our grievance, our grievance is illegitimate – we do not deserve sympathy or, ultimately, justice&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/60177763-on-the-other-side-of-freedom-the-case-for-hope On the Other Side of Freedom Quotes] Goodreads. Retrieved February 03 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Nonfiction Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Nonfiction Books]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=When_They_Call_You_a_Terrorist:_A_Black_Lives_Matter_Memoir&amp;diff=5632332</id>
		<title>When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Matter Memoir</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=When_They_Call_You_a_Terrorist:_A_Black_Lives_Matter_Memoir&amp;diff=5632332"/>
		<updated>2021-02-03T16:04:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Matter Memoir was published on January 16th, 2018 by St. Martin's Press. The book was written by Patrisse Khan-Cullors and Asha Bandele with a foreword given by Angela Davis. The book explains how African Americans feel on experiencing prejudice and persecution by law enforcement which eventually leads to a Black Lives Matter movement&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/34964998-when-they-call-you-a-terrorist When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Matter Memoir]. Goodreads. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Summary==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:51qrFbbFoPL. SX329 BO1,204,203,200 .jpg|thumb|When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Memoir Book Cover&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://secure.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=9781250171085/MC.GIF&amp;amp;client=sepup&amp;amp;type=xw12&amp;amp;oclc= When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black Lives Matter Memoir Cover]. Goodreads. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Patrisse, who grows up in poverty in Los Angeles, faces the reality where Black Americans are oppressed and abused by many authorities and law enforcement. She experiences prejudice and harassment by herself, her relatives, her colleagues, and everyone that she knows who are Black Americans. Black people have become the most vulnerable and abused in America by law enforcement. Especially, the last few years, tragedy on racism has been appeared several times including the death of [[Shooting of Trayvon Martin | Trayvon Martin]] in 2013, while the killer is released from the charges. The uproar of Patrisse, Alicia Garza, and Opal Tometi has created a Black Lives Matter movement in asking the accountability from law enforcement for all the prejudice that occurs across the country. The movement has become a powerful expression of African Americans in asking for political changes to serve equal justice for African Americans&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bernadine Evaristo. [https://www.hcpl.net/title-record/469950 When they call you a terrorist: a Black Lives Matter memoir] Harris County Public Library. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
Patrisse has experienced bigotry and police brutality towards black Americans since her childhood. She was arrested while she was in the classroom as a suspect of drugs and gang activity (as there are assumptions of black Americans deal with drugs for their socialization and neighborhood) at the age of 12 years old. Her brother, Monte, was arrested and tortured in a California prison. She explains that her brother who is mentally ill and wheelchair-bound got kicked and kneed in his ribs by the LAPD Sheriff deputies. While in the prison, he was diagnosed with schizophrenia and developed PTSD due to the brutality in the prison. Furthermore, there was no other way to resolve the brutality since the police are the ones who do viciousness. Her family faces scrutiny several times including a raid, imprisonment, and brutality including her father&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Dana M.. [https://www.richlandlibrary.com/blog/2020-09-09/ownvoices-when-they-call-you-terrorist-black-lives-matter-memoir-0#:~:text=When%20They%20Call%20You%20a%20Terrorist%3A%20A%20Black%20Lives%20Matter%20Memoir,-Patrisse%20Khan%2DCullors&amp;amp;text=A%20memoir%20by%20the%20co,calling%20for%20essential%20political%20changes. #OwnVoices: When They Call You a Terrorist: A Black lives Matter Memoir] Richland Library. Retrieved February 03 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. As she remembers &amp;quot;My father who got cages instead of compassion. My father whose whole story no one of us will ever know. What did it do to him, all those years locked away, all that time in chains, all those days upon days without human touch except touch meant to harm - hand behind your back, N****r. Get on the fucking wall, N****r! Lift your sac, N****r. Don't look at me like that or I will f*****g kill your Black ass.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.goodreads.com/work/quotes/56239969-when-they-call-you-a-terrorist When They Call You a Terrorist Quotes] Goodreads. Retrieved February 03 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Inspiration==&lt;br /&gt;
Many African Americans were persecuted by police officers, especially these days. Patrisse mentions the tragedy where [[Shooting of Trayvon Martin | Trayvon Martin]], an innocent African American teenager, was killed by a police officer. The tragedy went uproar as the killer was released from all the charges despite the clear evidence that he killed [[Shooting of Trayvon Martin | Trayvon]].In general, black people are likely to be killed five times higher compared than white people in California. While California is perceived to be a very blue state or no racism at all compared to other states across the country. Now, imagine what kind of abuse and harassment the African Americans get in other states, other countries across the world&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Charles Kaiser.[https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/jan/28/when-they-call-you-a-terroarist-black-lives-matter-review When They Call You a Terrorist review: Black Lives Matter memoir convinces] The Guardian. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
Due to the prejudice and racism occurrence rise rapidly, Patrisse, Alicia Garza, and Opal Tometi become angry and decide to co-found the Black Lives Matter movement as written in the book. This movement is expressed via hashtag through social media and online to ask the responsibility of law enforcement and authorities who do not serve justice upon African Americans, Black people, and other minorities. The movement has become a hit as it calls people to take action in creating political changes based on love, humanity, and justice equally to everyone&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; [https://seattle.bibliocommons.com/item/show/3295934030_when_they_call_you_a_terrorist When They Call You A Terrorist] BiblioCommons. Retrieved January 24 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Nonfiction Books]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Nonfiction Books]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=One_Night_in_Miami_(2020)&amp;diff=5631368</id>
		<title>One Night in Miami (2020)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=One_Night_in_Miami_(2020)&amp;diff=5631368"/>
		<updated>2021-02-03T14:52:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;One Night in Miami was released on January 8, 2021, in the USA. The American film was produced by Video Dialog Inc. The film was written by Kemp Powers. The movie was directed by Regina King. The movie was displaying how Muhammad Ali, Malcolm X, Sam Cooke, and Jim Brown gathered on one night in Miami after the heavyweight boxing final between Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali) with Sonny Liston in 1964&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10612922/?ref_=tt_sims_tt One Night in Miami (2020)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Onim d11 0040 grade-6-e1599254525577.jpg|thumb|The Celebration and Gathering of African Americans in Miami on February 24, 1964&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/onim_d11_0040_grade-6-e1599254525577.jpg One Night in Miami] Variety. Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
On February 25, 1964, Cassius Clay (who change his name to Muhammad Ali later on) just won the world heavyweight championship at the age of 22 by defeating Sonny Liston at the Miami Beach Convention Center. As he celebrates his title, he gathers with Malcolm (Kingsley Ben-Adir), Jim Brown (Aldis Hodge), and Sam Cooke (Leslie Odom Jr.) at the Hampton House, a motel in Miami. As they spend their time having fun and drinking ice cream, Malcolm X reminds them that they have the power to change the African American's future. Their fame, speeches, songs, aspirations could power the Black Power movement if they want to fight for African American rights. Remembering the struggle they faced as African Americans, everybody finally has their own resolution to use their power to empower the African Americans and change the future of African Americans for a better future where they have equal rights with everyone&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Owen Gleiberman. [https://variety.com/2020/film/reviews/one-night-in-miami-review-regina-king-1234761095/ ‘One Night in Miami’ Review: A Quartet of African-American Legends Talk the Night Away in Regina King’s Captivating Directorial Debut] Variety. Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
The meeting of these four African Americans brought changes to African American history. Malcolm reminds all of them that they have the power to change the prejudice and they have to consider that power if they want to change people's perspective towards African Americans. Jim Brown with his records in NFL has brought admiration from fans across the country. Ali as the heavyweight champion of boxing could change the destiny of African Americans by standing up for civil rights&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odie Henderson.  [https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/one-night-in-miami-movie-review-2020 One Night in Miami] RogerEbert Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Malcolm suggests Cooke to left the gospel music for white audiences. He says even Bob Dylan's song &amp;quot;Blowin' in the Wind&amp;quot; brought more civil rights for African Americans than the song that is written by Sam Cooke, the African American singer. As Malcolm says&amp;quot;we are fighting for our lives&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jake Coyle.  [https://apnews.com/article/one-night-in-miami-movie-review-99ab6586c94701a8bc5bd95cf89998dc Review: In ‘One Night in Miami,’ speculative history sings] AP News. Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
As shown in the film, African Americans struggle against racism in the 1960s. Ali was booed by the white audiences while he was fighting in the arena. The same case goes to the music industry where Sam Cooke was hard to make money since the White people tended to ridicule him for being an African American. Not only that, several civil rights activists risk their lives as they got opposition from the government, law enforcement, and some white supremacists. For instance, Malcolm X was under surveillance of the FBI since his voice could lead the African Americans. Several houses where African Americans live were burnt to ashes due to prejudice and fighting for their rights. In the media, Malcolm was described as preaching &amp;quot;a gospel of hate&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kristy Puchko. [https://sea.ign.com/review/163716/one-night-in-miami-review One Night in Miami Review] IGN. Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Jim Brown, the NFL player, was faced with prejudice as the African American athletes were seen to be in a low position in the American culture. Jim Brown even says to Ali &amp;quot;We’re all just gladiators, Cass, with our ruler sitting up there in the box&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ellen E Jones. [https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/one-night-in-miami/ One Night in Miami Review] Empire Online. Retrieved January 22 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Freedom_Song_(2000)&amp;diff=5630868</id>
		<title>Freedom Song (2000)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Freedom_Song_(2000)&amp;diff=5630868"/>
		<updated>2021-02-03T14:46:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Freedom Song was released on February 27, 2000, in the USA. The American film was produced by Connie Field and Marilyn Mulford. The film was written and directed by Stanley Weiser and Phil Alden Robinson. The movie was displaying how the African Americans struggle during the segregation era in the 1960s in Mississippi&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0213668/?ref_=ttls_li_tt Freedom Song (2000)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:2468.jpg|thumb|Will and Owen Walker&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://dove.org/wp-content/uploads/2468.jpg Will and Owen Walker]. Dove Foundation. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Located in the small fictional town of Quinlan, Mississippi, in 1961, the Freedom Song took pace. The Black Power movement had made an impact across the country from cities to rural villages in southern America. Owen Walker who had a memory of experiencing prejudice and racism aspired to fight for African American rights as he saw the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was trying to change the segregation law that existed in Mississippi. While Owen had committed his time and life by volunteering in the SNCC to do sit-ins at public infrastructure in Mississippi like libraries, gas stations, and local businesses, he faced resistance from his father. His father had encountered what it felt like as civil rights activists and he did not want his children to strive with what he had to face before in fighting racism. Despite that, these father and son were persistent with their idealism and broke the relationship between both of them. In the end, Owen and SNCC coalition succeeded attaining the voting rights for African Americans but with an expensive price where many African Americans died and his communities were assaulted and humiliated by the segregationists&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ohil Boatwright. [https://dove.org/review/2468-freedom-song/ Freedom Song] Dove Foundation. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
Will and Owen possess the resolution to fight racism on their own. While Will was younger in the 1950s, he would confront the segregationists, he could organize the African American community to do the demonstration against the city. He could aspire people to struggle in obtaining equality and justice for African Americans. He inspires Owen that he will get the same position as the white people. When he points to the &amp;quot;Whites Only&amp;quot; seat, he says to Owen &amp;quot;You're going to sit in there someday, son&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ed Mcnulty.  [https://readthespirit.com/visual-parables/freedom-song-2000/ Freedom Song (2000)] Visual Parables. Retrieved February 03 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Despite Will had lost his patience to fight racism, the passion eventually falls down to his son, Owen, by committing to fighting racism non-violently. Owen and his friends joined the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in the hope of making the changes for African Americans to have Voting Rights and equality&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Laura Fries. [https://variety.com/2000/film/reviews/freedom-song-2-1200460552/ Freedom Song] Variety. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. After months of protest, Owen and his colleagues including Mr. Wall, the SNCC organizer, are arrested. At the time Owen is since their campaign does not seem to make a progress however, Mr. Wall reminds Owen that they have lit the flame of the civil rights movement as he says&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;So when you walked out of that school, you just didn't make a march. You picked up a torch. Now other folks have seen your light And they're coming here to carrying it because you can't right now. And if they go to jail too, other folks will pick up their torch someplace else. So you're not on your own, Owen. You're part of something bigger than you. You're part of the movement.&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
In the end, they have brought many organizations such as the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), Freedom Riders, which came from the North to the South to stop the segregation of Voting rights&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.blackflix.com/reviews/freedom_song.html Movie Reviews: Freedom Song] Blackflix. Retrieved February 03 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
As shown in the film, the segregationists are cruel to African Americans. They do not hesitate to beat children if the children break the segregation policy. For instance, when Owen was a kid, he went into the &amp;quot;white only&amp;quot; diner without knowing anything as he was only 5 years old. However, humiliate Owen in public. Also, they do harass African American families and communities by threatening, assaulting their houses, and lynching. Like when Will just registers his voting rights, his house where he, his wife, and Owen live were shot at night by Klansmen. His business goes bankrupt as the segregationists boycott his business till nobody would buy any product from his store. Ultimately, they shot and killed African Americans while the SNCC and the protesters ask for voting rights&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kenneth Turan. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_Song_(film) Freedom Song (film)] Wikipedia. Retrieved January 23 2021]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Freedom_Song_(2000)&amp;diff=5630221</id>
		<title>Freedom Song (2000)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Freedom_Song_(2000)&amp;diff=5630221"/>
		<updated>2021-02-03T14:34:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: /* Black Empowerment */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Freedom Song was released on February 27, 2000, in the USA. The American film was produced by Connie Field and Marilyn Mulford. The film was written and directed by Stanley Weiser and Phil Alden Robinson. The movie was displaying how the African Americans struggle during the segregation era in the 1960s in Mississippi&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0213668/?ref_=ttls_li_tt Freedom Song (2000)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:2468.jpg|thumb|Will and Owen Walker&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://dove.org/wp-content/uploads/2468.jpg Will and Owen Walker]. Dove Foundation. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Located in the small fictional town of Quinlan, Mississippi, in 1961, the Freedom Song took pace. The Black Power movement had made an impact across the country from cities to rural villages in southern America. Owen Walker who had a memory of experiencing prejudice and racism aspired to fight for African American rights as he saw the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was trying to change the segregation law that existed in Mississippi. While Owen had committed his time and life by volunteering in the SNCC to do sit-ins at public infrastructure in Mississippi like libraries, gas stations, and local businesses, he faced resistance from his father. His father had encountered what it felt like as civil rights activists and he did not want his children to strive with what he had to face before in fighting racism. Despite that, these father and son were persistent with their idealism and broke the relationship between both of them. In the end, Owen and SNCC coalition succeeded attaining the voting rights for African Americans but with an expensive price where many African Americans died and his communities were assaulted and humiliated by the segregationists&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ohil Boatwright. [https://dove.org/review/2468-freedom-song/ Freedom Song] Dove Foundation. Retrieved January 23 2021]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
Will and Owen possess the resolution to fight racism on their own. While Will was younger in the 1950s, he would confront the segregationists, he could organize the African American community to do the demonstration against the city. He could aspire people to struggle in obtaining equality and justice for African Americans. He inspires Owen that he will get the same position as the white people. When he points to the &amp;quot;Whites Only&amp;quot; seat, he says to Owen&amp;quot;You're going to sit in there someday, son&amp;quot;. Despite Will had lost his patience to fight racism, the passion eventually falls down to his son, Owen, by committing to fighting racism non-violently. Owen and his friends joined the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in the hope of making the changes for African Americans to have Voting Rights and equality. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Laura Fries.  [https://variety.com/2000/film/reviews/freedom-song-2-1200460552/ Freedom Song] Variety. Retrieved January 23 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
As shown in the film, the segregationists are cruel to African Americans. They do not hesitate to beat children if the children break the segregation policy. For instance, when Owen was a kid, he went into the &amp;quot;white only&amp;quot; diner without knowing anything as he was only 5 years old. However, humiliate Owen in public. Also, they do harass African American families and communities by threatening, assaulting their houses, and lynching. Like when Will just registers his voting rights, his house where he, his wife, and Owen live were shot at night by Klansmen. His business goes bankrupt as the segregationists boycott his business till nobody would buy any product from his store. Ultimately, they shot and killed African Americans while the SNCC and the protesters ask for voting rights&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Kenneth Turan. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_Song_(film) Freedom Song (film)] Wikipedia. Retrieved January 23 2021]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Drama Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Maya_Angelou:_And_Still_I_Rise_(2016)&amp;diff=5564797</id>
		<title>Maya Angelou: And Still I Rise (2016)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Maya_Angelou:_And_Still_I_Rise_(2016)&amp;diff=5564797"/>
		<updated>2021-02-01T14:24:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Maya Angelou: And Still I Rise was released on October 14, 2016, in the USA. The movie storyline was written and directed by Bob Hercules and Rita Coburn Whack. The movie was about the exceptional writer, poet, and civil rights activist of African American, Maya Angelou&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5142750/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_3 Maya Angelou and Still I Rise (2016)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 14 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:16692-2-1100-1024x576.jpg|thumb|Maya Angelou&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.indiewire.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/16692-2-1100-1024x576.jpg Maya Angelou]. Indiewire. Retrieved January 14 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
As said by Hillary Clinton, Maya Angelou should not be remembered for only her classic work &amp;quot;I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings&amp;quot;. In the film, it is shown how Maya Angelou's childhood affects her way of thinking. Her parents leave her and her brothers, then she gets raped at the age of seven years old by her mother's new boyfriend just after Angelou reunited with her mother in St Louis. The guy then gets arrested and later found to be dead as he has been beaten to death in the prison. The death makes her believe that her words were responsible for the death, and she decided to be mute for 5 years. After learning poetry, she finds her voice again and develops into a dancer. She moves to San Fransisco and gives birth to Guy Johnson, her son. As Angelou develops her work in poetry, directing, singing, dancing, and writing, she gets many achievements throughout her lifetime. She also involves in the civil rights movement with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. In the end, she is praised as a figure of African Americans in black female empowerment and creativity world for African Americans are opened&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jan/27/maya-angelou-and-still-i-rise-review-iconic-writer Maya Angelou and Still I Rise Review Iconic Writer]. The Guardian. Retrieved January 14 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
Maya Angelou shows how to fight racism without violence. She goes down on a road and joins a demonstration with a poster &amp;quot;Victim of Racism&amp;quot;. She collaborates with many other civil rights activists of African Americans such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. His fight is done through his poetry and writing. Such as the Still I Rise poem, an empowering poem of an African American whose dreams get shattered, mocked, and still she rises. Her work is recognized and praised by many people including Valerie Simpson, Bill, and Hillary Clinton. She shows that an African American should be grateful for the gift that they get from their ancestors and can still rise and obtain their dreams no matter how racism bring pains to them&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/maya-angelou-and-still-i-rise-2016 Maya Angelou and Still I Rise]. RogerEbert. Retrieved January 14 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Eventually, President Bill Clinton wanted Maya Angelou to appear in his inauguration and delivered her poet as he believes that black and white Americans have many things in common as they come from the same place&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hermene Hartman. [https://ndigo.com/2016/09/07/review-maya-angelou-and-still-i-rise/ Review: Maya Angelou – And Still I Rise]. N'Digo. Retrieved February 01 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
She was born in a racist part of the country. During her childhood, when the Ku Klux Klan came to town and visit a surrounding store, Maya Angelou would hide her uncle as she's afraid that her hot-tempered uncle could create a fight and eventually made her uncle beaten or even lynched&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Maureen Ryan. [https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/tv-review-maya-angelou-still-rise-american-experience-190508208.html TV Review: ‘Maya Angelou: And Still I Rise,’ An American Masters Documentary on PBS]. Yahoo. Retrieved February 01 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. It is seen where her work and dance are not recognized by people at first as they refer to her face as &amp;quot;ugly&amp;quot;. Not only that, the school at the time is divided into 2 types of school. As being African American, she has to go to a black school where the school is not as good as the other school for white people&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/films/reviews/view/28295/maya-angelou-and-still-i-rise Maya Angelou: And Still I Rise]. Spirituality and Practice. Retrieved January 14 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Freedom_Summer_(2014)&amp;diff=5563402</id>
		<title>Freedom Summer (2014)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Freedom_Summer_(2014)&amp;diff=5563402"/>
		<updated>2021-02-01T13:51:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Freedom Summer was released on January 17, 2014, in the USA. The American film was produced by Firelight Films. The film was directed by Stanley Nelson. The movie was displaying the establishment of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party when 700 student activists collaborated through segregation&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3458196/?ref_=ttls_li_tt Freedom Summer (2014)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 17 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:FreedomSummer.jpg|thumb|Freedom Summer Project in Mississippi&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://static.hollywoodreporter.com/sites/default/files/2014/01/FreedomSummer.jpg Freedom Summer]. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 17 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
In 1964, fewer than 7% of African Americans were registered as voters in Mississippi, compared with 50 to 70% in other southern states. In many rural counties, African Americans made up the majority of the population, and the segregationist white council was prepared to use whatever means necessary to keep African Americans out of the elections and expelled African Americans from a position. For years, local civil rights activists had proposed methods to register voters increase among African Americans though mostly unsuccessful. The complicated trial guidelines were assured to keep those who chose to vote off the rolls.  In 1964, a new scheme was drawn up by Bob Moses, a local secretary of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). For ten weeks, white students from the north joined local civil activists in a huge effort that did what had previously been unimaginable: drive the media and the federals to take action for the shocking violence and injustice in Mississippi&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/freedomsummer/ Freedom Summer]. PBS. Retrieved January 17 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
Students who were black and white outside of Mississippi were aiming to come to Mississippi to change voting rights in Mississippi, not for a moment thinking about the skin color they have. A former member of the SNCC said she and her colleagues at the SNCC were &amp;quot;young and stupid&amp;quot; - a combined blessing - for their limited sense of the dangers involved. Even so, these 700 student volunteers worked together to register African American voters in fiercely segregationist Mississippi. The effort paid off when President Johnson was required a year later to sign the Voting Rights Act, which ended the policy designed to disempower African American voters&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://variety.com/2014/film/festivals/sundance-film-review-freedom-summer-1201082013/ Sundance Film Review: ‘Freedom Summer’] Variety. Retrieved January 17 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. In the end, this film is a poignant memento of the painful but immensely valuable path to attain freedom and quality that can be done by putting aside everyone's ego and collaborate together&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Abe. [https://www.shockya.com/news/2014/01/20/freedom-summer-movie-review/ Freedom Summer Movie Review]. Anakando Media Group. Retrieved January 17 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
In the film, the former White Citizens' Council member, William Scarborough claims that the Ku Klux Klan is not needed because the council controls everything. When 700 students got into Mississippi, one of them reported that when they came to the “Welcome to the Mississippi&amp;quot; sign, two waiting patrol cars followed their bus. Three volunteers later left campus to go to the state to investigate a fire in the church. These three volunteers disappeared and were founded dead. Not only that, the film describes how moderate white voices were brutally silenced in Mississippi. The film also uses recordings of President Lyndon B. Johnson who were caught on tape with hatred and a strong desire to suppress the success of SNCC. At last, 35 churches were burnt and destroyed, also 70 African American businesses, homes, and community centers were burned due to this Mississippi Summer Freedom Project. Furthermore, the activists that support the voting rights movement were beaten like Fannie Lou Hamer and even slain to death including Michael Schwerner&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://readthespirit.com/visual-parables/freedom-summer-2014/ Freedom Summer (2014)]. Visual Parables. Retrieved January 17 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Mr._Soul_(2018)&amp;diff=5563067</id>
		<title>Mr. Soul (2018)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://blackwiki.org/index.php?title=Mr._Soul_(2018)&amp;diff=5563067"/>
		<updated>2021-02-01T13:42:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zacky: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;Mr. Soul! was released on April 22, 2018, in the USA. The American film was produced by Shoes in the Bed Productions. The film was written by Melissa Haizlip and directed by Melissa Haizlip and Sam Pollard. The movie was displaying how Ellis Haizlip, an African American tv host, revolutionized the tv show through African American literature, poetry, music, and culture&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2355880/?ref_=tt_sims_tt Mr. Soul (2018)]. IMDb. Retrieved January 21 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Plot==&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Full MRSOUL CHESTER HIGGINS 1.jpg|thumb|Ellis Haizlip, Courtesy of Shoes in the Bed Productions&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/full_MRSOUL_CHESTER_HIGGINS_1.jpg Ellis Haizlip] Variety. Retrieved January 21 2021]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;]]&lt;br /&gt;
Ellis Haizlip, an African American producer and tv host, has brought a refreshment to the tv industry with &amp;quot;Soul!&amp;quot;. Soul! aspired to show the beauty of African American literature such as poetry, music, and dances. Not only that, but the tv show also provides a stage for African Americans to speak up about their political belief and civil rights to the public. Soul! has changed the public opinion of African Americana and create a place for African American artists and activists such as James Baldwin, Stevie Wonder, and Patti LaBelle to be exposed and aspired by many people especially African Americans. The tv show aired for five years, and later on, the tv show was halted by the Nixon administration as they feared that it can influence the government and presidency at the time&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Jenny Nulf. [https://www.austinchronicle.com/events/film/2020-08-28/mr-soul/ Mr. Soul!] Austin Chronicle Corp. Retrieved January 21 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Black Empowerment==&lt;br /&gt;
Soul! has changed the industry of television for African Americans. Haizlip has inspired and showed the people that being African American is a wonderful thing as the Black culture has its own beauty as Haizlip said &amp;quot;Black culture is world culture&amp;quot;. He assembled many African Americans on the tv to show the excellence of African Americans. We can see the luminescent Nikki Giovanni, the provocateurs The Last Poets, Amiri Baraka backed by Pharaoh Sanders, and much more poetry by the African Americans on the television to show how appealing the movie televisual poetry can transpire. It is also seen where James Baldwin, a civil rights activist of African Americans, speaks for hours regarding his view or Geoffrey Holder, an African American dancer choreographs the modern dance of African Americans. Haizlip has aspired many African Americans to love the beauty of African American culture as one of the interviewees said &amp;quot;A complete and utter love affair with your blackness&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Glenn Kenny. [https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/mr-soul-movie-review-2020 Mr. Soul!] RogerEbert. Retrieved January 21 2021]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Soul! has started the tv show for African Americans by the African Americans as many programs followed to be air including  Inside Bedford-Stuyvesant, Say Brother, Black Journal, Like It Is&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Sheri Linden. [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/mr-soul-1144227 'Mr. Soul!': Film Review | LAFF 2018] The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 21 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Controversy==&lt;br /&gt;
President Nixon declared drugs as the first priority and most public enemy number one during his running period. However, what he said could be meant the other way, which was denouncing and imprison poor black Americans. He clearly said, &amp;quot;You have to face the fact that the whole problem is really the blacks. The key is to devise a system that recognizes that while not appearing to.&amp;quot; to H.R. Haldeman, his chief of staff. Also, President Nixon took out the funding of public television programs that feature black Americans as its racist campaign on suppressing the black Americans voice and reviving the white exclusive control at the mass media.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;David Alm. [https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidalm/2019/02/22/mr-soul-revives-an-extraordinary-revolutionary-piece-of-black-history/?sh=2204b7de2c91 'Mr. Soul' Revives An Extraordinary, Revolutionary Piece Of Black History] Forbes. Retrieved February 01 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.In the end, President Nixon stopped all the fundings of public television programs that feature black American's voices and ceased all the programs including Mr. Soul!&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Steven Sheehan. [https://www.thedigitalfix.com/film/film-review/mr-soul-film-review/ Mr.SOUL! Review] The Digital Flix. Retrieved February 01 2021&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
{{reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Anti-Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category: Black Racism in Documentary Movies]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zacky</name></author>
		
	</entry>
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