Difference between revisions of "Template:Bird list header"

From blackwiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Focus
m (hyphen fixes)
imported>Julia W
(some clean-up (not finished, too much!))
 
(6 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<includeonly>{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Anatidae|==[[Duck]]s, [[goose|Geese]], and [[Swan]]s==
+
<includeonly>{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Anatidae|==Ducks, geese, and swans==
 
Order: [[Anseriformes]]. Family: [[Anatidae]]
 
Order: [[Anseriformes]]. Family: [[Anatidae]]
 
__NOEDITSECTION__
 
__NOEDITSECTION__
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cracidae|==[[Curassow]]s and [[Guan (bird)|Guans]]==
+
The family Anatidae includes the [[duck]]s and most duck-like waterfowl, such as [[goose|geese]] and [[swan]]s. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cracidae|==Curassows and guans==
 
Order: [[Galliformes]]. Family: [[Cracidae]]
 
Order: [[Galliformes]]. Family: [[Cracidae]]
  
The chachalacas, guans and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae. These are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have {{#switch: {{{dialect}}}| US = colorful| GB = colourful| #default = colorful}} facial ornaments.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phasianidae|==[[Partridge]]s, [[Grouse]], [[Turkey (bird)|Turkeys]], and [[Quail|Old World Quail]]==
+
The chachalacas, [[guan (bird)|guan]]s, and [[curassow]]s are birds in the family Cracidae. These are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have {{#switch: {{{dialect}}}| US = colorful| GB = colourful| #default = colorful}} facial ornaments.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phasianidae|==Partridges, grouse, turkeys, and Old World quail==
 
Order: [[Galliformes]]. Family: [[Phasianidae]]
 
Order: [[Galliformes]]. Family: [[Phasianidae]]
  
The Phasianidae is a family of birds which consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds, or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Odontophoridae|==[[New World quail|New World Quail]]==
+
The Phasianidae is a family of birds which consists of the pheasants and their allies, including [[partridge]]s, [[grouse]], [[turkey (bird)|turkey]]s, and [[quail|Old World quail]]. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds, or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Odontophoridae|==New World quail==
 
Order: [[Galliformes]]. Family: [[Odontophoridae]]
 
Order: [[Galliformes]]. Family: [[Odontophoridae]]
  
The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Gaviidae|==[[Loon]]s ==
+
The [[New World quail]]s are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Gaviidae|==Loons ==
 
Order: [[Gaviiformes]]. Family: [[Gaviidae]]
 
Order: [[Gaviiformes]]. Family: [[Gaviidae]]
  
Loons are aquatic birds size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely grey or black, they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well, and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost hopeless on land.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Podicipedidae|==[[Grebe]]s==
+
[[Loon]]s are aquatic birds size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely grey or black, they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well, and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost hopeless on land.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Podicipedidae|==Grebes==
 
Order: [[Podicipediformes]]. Family: [[Podicipedidae]]
 
Order: [[Podicipediformes]]. Family: [[Podicipedidae]]
  
Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Diomedeidae|==[[Albatross|Albatrosses]]==
+
[[Grebe]]s are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Diomedeidae|==Albatrosses==
 
Order: [[Procellariiformes]]. Family: [[Diomedeidae]]
 
Order: [[Procellariiformes]]. Family: [[Diomedeidae]]
  
The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Procellariidae|==[[Shearwater]]s and [[Petrel]]s==
+
The [[albatross]]es are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus ''Diomedea'' have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Procellariidae|==Shearwaters and petrels==
 
Order: [[Procellariiformes]]. Family: [[Procellariidae]]
 
Order: [[Procellariiformes]]. Family: [[Procellariidae]]
  
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with medium septum, and a long outer functional [[flight_feather#Primaries|primary]].|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Hydrobatidae|==[[Storm-petrel|Storm-Petrel]]s==
+
The procellariids, including the [[shearwater]]s and [[petrel]]s, are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with medium septum, and a long outer functional [[flight_feather#Primaries|primary]].|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Hydrobatidae|==Storm-petrels==
 
Order: [[Procellariiformes]]. Family: [[Hydrobatidae]]
 
Order: [[Procellariiformes]]. Family: [[Hydrobatidae]]
  
The storm-petrels are the smallest of seabirds, relatives of the [[petrel]]s, feeding on [[plankton]]ic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes [[bat]]-like.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phaethontidae|==[[Tropicbird]]s==
+
The [[storm-petrel]]s are the smallest of seabirds, relatives of the [[petrel]]s, feeding on [[plankton]]ic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes [[bat]]-like.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phaethontidae|==Tropicbirds==
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Phaethontidae]]
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Phaethontidae]]
  
Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sulidae|==[[Booby|Boobies]] and [[Gannet]]s==
+
[[Tropicbird]]s are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sulidae|==Boobies and gannets==
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Sulidae]]
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Sulidae]]
  
The sulids comprise the [[gannet]]s and [[booby|boobies]]. Both groups are medium-large coastal [[seabird]]s that plunge-dive for fish.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Pelecanidae|==[[Pelican]]s==
+
The sulids comprise the [[gannet]]s and [[booby|boobies]]. Both groups are medium-large coastal [[seabird]]s that plunge-dive for fish.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Pelecanidae|==Pelicans==
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Pelecanidae]]
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Pelecanidae]]
  
Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phalacrocoracidae|==[[Cormorant]]s==
+
[[Pelican]]s are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phalacrocoracidae|==Cormorants==
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Phalacrocoracidae]]
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Phalacrocoracidae]]
  
Cormorants are medium to large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the Pelecaniformes order.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Anhingidae|==[[Darter]]s==
+
[[Cormorant]]s are medium to large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the Pelecaniformes order.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Anhingidae|==Darters==
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Anhingidae]]
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Anhingidae]]
  
Darters are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long, straight beaks. They often swim with only the neck above water, and are fish-eaters.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Fregatidae|==[[Frigatebird]]s==
+
[[Darter]]s are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long, straight beaks. They often swim with only the neck above water, and are fish-eaters.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Fregatidae|==Frigatebirds==
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Fregatidae]]
 
Order: [[Pelecaniformes]]. Family: [[Fregatidae]]
  
Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black or black and white, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Ardeidae|==[[Bittern]]s, [[Heron]]s, and [[Egret]]s==
+
[[Frigatebird]]s are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black or black and white, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Ardeidae|==Bitterns, herons, and egrets==
 
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Ardeidae]]
 
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Ardeidae]]
  
The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and Egrets are medium- to large-sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secrative. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Threskiornithidae|==[[Ibis|Ibises]] and [[Spoonbill]]s==
+
The family Ardeidae contains the [[heron]]s, [[egret]]s, and [[bittern]]s. Herons and egrets are medium- to large-sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secrative. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises, and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Threskiornithidae|==Ibises and Spoonbills==
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Threskiornithidae]] |}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Ciconiidae|==[[Stork]]s==
+
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Threskiornithidae]] |}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Ciconiidae|==Storks==
 
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Ciconiidae]]
 
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Ciconiidae]]
  
Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a [[pharynx]] and are mute.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cathartidae|==[[New World vulture|New World Vultures]]==
+
[[Stork]]s are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills, and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a [[pharynx]] and are mute.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cathartidae|==New World vultures==
 
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Cathartidae]]
 
Order: [[Ciconiiformes]]. Family: [[Cathartidae]]
  
The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phoenicopteridae|==[[Flamingo]]s==
+
The [[New World vulture]]s are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Phoenicopteridae|==Flamingos==
 
Order: [[Phoenicopteriformes]]. Family: [[Phoenicopteridae]]
 
Order: [[Phoenicopteriformes]]. Family: [[Phoenicopteridae]]
  
Flamingos (genus Phoenicopterus monotypic in family Phoenicopteridae) are gregarious wading birds, usually 3–5 feet in height, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Accipitridae|==[[Hawk]]s, [[Kite (bird)|Kite]]s, and [[Eagle]]s==
+
[[Flamingo]]s (genus Phoenicopterus monotypic in family Phoenicopteridae) are gregarious wading birds, usually 3–5 feet in height, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Pandionidae|==Osprey==
 +
Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Pandionidae]]
 +
 
 +
|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Accipitridae|==Hawks, kites, and eagles==
 
Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Accipitridae]]
 
Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Accipitridae]]
  
The family Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Falconidae|==[[Caracara]]s and [[Falcon]]s==
+
The family Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include [[hawk]]s, [[eagle]]s, [[kite (bird)|kite]]s, [[harrier (bird)|harrier]]s, and [[Old World vulture]]s. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Falconidae|==Caracaras and falcons==
 
Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Falconidae]]
 
Order: [[Falconiformes]]. Family: [[Falconidae]]
  
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Rallidae|==[[Rail (bird)|Rail]]s, [[Rallidae|Gallinule]]s, and [[Coot]]s==
+
The [[falcon]]s and [[caracara]]s are diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Rallidae|==Rails, gallinules, and coots==
 
Order: [[Gruiformes]]. Family: [[Rallidae]]
 
Order: [[Gruiformes]]. Family: [[Rallidae]]
  
Rallidae is a large family of small- to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Aramidae|==[[Limpkin]]s==
+
Rallidae is a large family of small- to medium-sized birds which includes the [[rail (bird)|rail]]s, [[crake]]s, [[coot]]s, and [[gallinule]]s. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Aramidae|==Limpkins==
 
Order: [[Gruiformes]]. Family: [[Aramidae]]
 
Order: [[Gruiformes]]. Family: [[Aramidae]]
  
The Limpkin is an odd [[Aves|bird]] that looks like a large [[Rail (bird)|rail]], but is skeletally closer to the [[Crane (bird)|cranes]]. It is found in marshes with some trees or scrub in the [[Caribbean]], [[South America]] and southern [[Florida]].|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Gruidae|==[[Crane (bird)|Crane]]s==
+
The [[limpkin]] is an odd bird that looks like a large [[Rail (bird)|rail]], but is skeletally closer to the [[Crane (bird)|cranes]]. It is found in marshes with some trees or scrub in the [[Caribbean]], [[South America]], and southern [[Florida]].|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Gruidae|==Cranes==
 
Order: [[Gruiformes]]. Family: [[Gruidae]]
 
Order: [[Gruiformes]]. Family: [[Gruidae]]
  
Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Burhinidae|==[[Stone-curlew|Thick-knees]]==
+
[[Crane (bird)|Crane]]s are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Burhinidae|==Thick-knees==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Burhinidae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Burhinidae]]
  
The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Charadriidae|==[[Lapwing]]s and [[Plover]]s==
+
The [[stone-curlew|thick-knee]]s are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Charadriidae|==Lapwings and plovers==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Charadriidae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Charadriidae]]
  
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small- to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Haematopodidae|==[[Oystercatcher]]s==
+
The family Charadriidae includes the [[plover]]s, [[dotterel]]s, and [[lapwing]]s. They are small- to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Haematopodidae|==Oystercatchers==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Haematopodidae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Haematopodidae]]
  
The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy [[plover]]-like [[Aves|bird]]s, with strong bills used for smashing or {{#switch: {{{dialect}}}| US = prying| GB = prising| #default = prying}} open [[mollusc]]s.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Recurvirostridae|==[[Stilt]]s and [[Avocet]]s==
+
The [[oystercatcher]]s are large, obvious, and noisy [[plover]]-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or {{#switch: {{{dialect}}}| US = prying| GB = prising| #default = prying}} open [[mollusc]]s.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Recurvirostridae|==Stilts and avocets==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Recurvirostridae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Recurvirostridae]]
  
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills.  The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Jacanidae|==[[Jacana]]s==
+
Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the [[avocet]]s and the [[stilt]]s. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills.  The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Jacanidae|==Jacanas==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Jacanidae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Jacanidae]]
  
The Jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Scolopacidae|==[[Sandpiper]]s, [[Curlew]]s, [[Stint]]s, [[Godwit]]s, [[Snipe]]s, and [[Phalarope]]s==
+
The [[jacana]]s are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Scolopacidae|==Sandpipers, curlews, stints, godwits, snipes, and phalaropes==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Scolopacidae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Scolopacidae]]
  
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small- to medium-sized shorebirds including the Sandpipers, Curlews, Godwits, Shanks, Tattlers, Woodcocks, Snipes, Dowitchers and Phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Glareolidae|==[[Pratincole]]s==
+
The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small- to medium-sized shorebirds including the [[sandpiper]]s, [[curlew]]s, [[godwit]]s, [[Tringa|shank]]s, [[Tattler (bird)|tattler]]s, [[woodcock]]s, [[snipe]]s, [[dowitcher]]s, and [[phalarope]]s. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Glareolidae|==Pratincoles==
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Glareolidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Laridae|==[[Skua]]s, [[Gull]]s, [[Tern]]s, and [[Skimmer]]s==
+
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Glareolidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Laridae|==Gulls, terns, and skimmers==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Laridae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Laridae]]
  
Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes jaegers, skuas, gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers.  They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Alcidae|==[[Auk]]s, [[Murre]]s, and [[Puffin]]s==
+
Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes jaegers, [[skua]]s, [[gull]]s, [[tern]]s, [[kittiwake]]s, and [[skimmer]]s.  They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.|}} {{#ifeq: {{{family}}}|Stercorariidae|==Skuas==
 +
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Stercorariidae]]
 +
 
 +
|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Alcidae|==Auks, murres, and puffins==
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Alcidae]]
 
Order: [[Charadriiformes]]. Family: [[Alcidae]]
  
Alcids are superficially similar to [[penguin]]s due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins at all, being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Columbidae|==[[Pigeon]]s and [[Dove]]s==
+
Alcids, including the [[auk]]s, [[murre]]s, and [[puffin]]s, are superficially similar to [[penguin]]s due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are not related to the penguins at all, being able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Columbidae|==Pigeons and doves==
Order: [[Columbiformes]]
+
Order: [[Columbiformes]]. Family: [[Columbidae]]
Family: [[Columbidae]]
 
  
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Psittacidae|==[[Lorikeet|Lories]], [[Parakeet]]s, [[Macaw]]s, and [[Parrot]]s==
+
[[Pigeon]]s and [[dove]]s are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Psittacidae|==Lories, parakeets, macaws, and parrots==
Order: [[Psittaciformes]]
+
Order: [[Psittaciformes]]. Family: [[Psittacidae]]  
Family: [[Psittacidae]]  
 
  
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cuculidae|==[[Cuckoo]]s, [[Geococcyx|Roadrunner]]s, and [[Ani (bird)|Anis]]==
+
The true parrots, including [[Lorikeet|lories]], [[parakeet]]s, [[macaw]]s, and [[parrot]]s, are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and they have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cuculidae|==Cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis==
Order: [[Cuculiformes]]
+
Order: [[Cuculiformes]]. Family: [[Cuculidae]]
Family: [[Cuculidae]]
 
  
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis.  These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike  the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Tytonidae|==[[Barn owl]]s==
+
The family Cuculidae includes [[cuckoo]]s, [[Geococcyx|roadrunners]], and [[ani (bird)|anis]].  These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. Unlike  the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Tytonidae|==Barn owls==
Order: [[Strigiformes]]
+
Order: [[Strigiformes]]. Family: [[Tytonidae]]  
Family: [[Tytonidae]]  
 
  
Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Strigidae|==[[Typical owl]]s==
+
[[Barn owl]]s are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Strigidae|==Typical owls==
Order: [[Strigiformes]]
+
Order: [[Strigiformes]]. Family: [[Strigidae]]
Family: [[Strigidae]]
 
  
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Caprimulgidae|==[[Nightjar]]s==
+
[[Typical owl]]s are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Caprimulgidae|==Nightjars==
Order: [[Caprimulgiformes]]
+
Order: [[Caprimulgiformes]]. Family: [[Caprimulgidae]]
Family: [[Caprimulgidae]]
 
  
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is crypically coloured to resemble bark or leaves.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Apodidae|==[[Swift]]s==
+
[[Nightjar]]s are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs, and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically coloured to resemble bark or leaves.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Apodidae|==Swifts==
Order: [[Apodiformes]]
+
Order: [[Apodiformes]]. Family: [[Apodidae]]
Family: [[Apodidae]]
 
  
The swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Trochilidae|==[[Hummingbird]]s==
+
The [[swift]]s are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Trochilidae|==Hummingbirds==
Order: [[Apodiformes]]
+
Order: [[Apodiformes]]. Family: [[Trochilidae]]
Family: [[Trochilidae]]
 
  
Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Trogonidae|==[[Trogon]]s==
+
[[Hummingbird]]s are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Trogonidae|==Trogons==
 
Order: [[Trogoniformes]]
 
Order: [[Trogoniformes]]
Family: [[Trogonidae]] |}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Upupidae|==[[Hoopoe]]s==
+
Family: [[Trogonidae]] |}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Upupidae|==Hoopoes==
 
Order: [[Upupiformes]]
 
Order: [[Upupiformes]]
Family: [[Upupidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cerylidae|==[[Kingfisher]]s==
+
Family: [[Upupidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cerylidae|==Kingfishers==
Order: [[Coraciiformes]]
+
Order: [[Coraciiformes]]. Family: [[Cerylidae]]  
Family: [[Cerylidae]]  
 
  
Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Picidae|==[[Woodpecker]]s, [[Sapsucker]]s, and [[Flicker (bird)|Flicker]]s==
+
[[Kingfisher]]s are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Picidae|==Woodpeckers, sapsuckers, and flickers==
Order: [[Piciformes]]
+
Order: [[Piciformes]]. Family: [[Picidae]]
Family: [[Picidae]]
 
  
Woodpeckers are small- to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects.  Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Tyrannidae|==[[Tyrant flycatcher]]s==
+
[[Woodpecker]]s, [[sapsucker]]s, and [[Flicker (bird)|flicker]]s are small- to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects.  Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Tyrannidae|==Tyrant flycatchers==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Tyrannidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Tyrannidae]]
  
Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America.  They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust with stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds.  Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Laniidae|==[[Shrike]]s==
+
[[Tyrant flycatcher]]s are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America.  They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust with stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds.  Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Laniidae|==Shrikes==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Laniidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Laniidae]]
  
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Vireonidae|==[[Vireo]]s==
+
[[Shrike]]s are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Vireonidae|==Vireos==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Vireonidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Vireonidae]]
  
The vireos are a group of small- to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Corvidae|==[[Jay]]s, [[Crow]]s, [[Magpie]]s, and [[Raven]]s==
+
The [[vireo]]s are a group of small- to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Corvidae|==Jays, crows, magpies, and ravens==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Corvidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Corvidae]]
  
The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show levels of learned behavior of a high degree.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Alaudidae|==[[Lark]]s==
+
The Corvidae family includes [[crow]]s, [[raven]]s, [[jay]]s, [[pyrrhochorax|choughs]], [[magpie]]s, [[treepie]]s, and [[nutcracker (bird)|nutcracker]]s. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show levels of learned behaviour of a high degree.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Alaudidae|==Larks==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Alaudidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Alaudidae]]
  
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Hirundinidae|==[[Hirundinidae|Swallows]] and [[Martin (bird)|Martin]]s==
+
[[Lark]]s are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Hirundinidae|==Swallows and martins==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Hirundinidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Hirundinidae]]
  
The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterised by their adaptation to aerial feeding.  Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Paridae|==[[Chickadee]]s and [[Titmouse|Titmice]]==
+
The [[swallow]]s and [[martin (bird)|martin]]s are a group of passerines characterised by their adaptation to aerial feeding.  Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Paridae|==Chickadees and titmice==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Paridae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Paridae]]
  
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Remizidae|==[[Penduline tit|Verdin]]==
+
The [[tit (bird)|tit]]s, [[chickadee]]s, and [[titmouse|titmice]] are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Remizidae|==Verdin==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Remizidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Aegithalidae|==[[Bushtit]]s==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Remizidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Aegithalidae|==Bushtits==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Aegithalidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sittidae|==[[Nuthatch]]es==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Aegithalidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sittidae|==Nuthatches==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Sittidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Sittidae]]
  
Nuthatches are small woodland birds.  They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Certhiidae|==[[Treecreeper]]s ==
+
[[Nuthatch]]es are small woodland birds.  They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Certhiidae|==Treecreepers ==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Certhiidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Certhiidae]]
  
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Troglodytidae|==[[Wren]]s==
+
[[Treecreeper]]s are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Troglodytidae|==Wrens==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Troglodytidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Troglodytidae]]
  
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cinclidae|==[[Dipper]]s==
+
[[Wren]]s are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cinclidae|==Dippers==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Cinclidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Pycnonotidae|==[[Bulbul]]s==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Cinclidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Pycnonotidae|==Bulbuls==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Pycnonotidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Pycnonotidae]]
  
The bulbuls are a family of medium-sized [[perching bird|passerine]] [[songbird]]s native to [[Africa]] and tropical [[Asia]]. These are noisy and gregarious birds with often beautiful striking songs.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Regulidae|==[[Kinglet]]s==
+
The [[bulbul]]s are a family of medium-sized [[perching bird|passerine]] [[songbird]]s native to [[Africa]] and tropical [[Asia]]. These are noisy and gregarious birds with often beautiful striking songs.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Regulidae|==Kinglets==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Regulidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Regulidae]]
  
The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds in the genus ''Regulus''. The adults have coloured crowns, giving rise to their name.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sylviidae|==[[Old World warbler]]s and [[Gnatcatcher]]s==
+
The [[kinglet]]s are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds in the genus ''Regulus''. The adults have coloured crowns, giving rise to their name.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Polioptilidae|==Gnatcatchers==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Sylviidae]]
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Sylviidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Muscicapidae|==Old World flycatchers==
 
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Muscicapidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Turdidae|==Thrushes==
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Muscicapidae|==[[Old World flycatcher]]s==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Muscicapidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Turdidae|==[[Thrush (bird)|Thrushes]]==
 
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Turdidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Turdidae]]
  
The Thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small- to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Timaliidae|==[[Babbler]]s==
+
The [[Thrush (bird)|thrush]]es are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small- to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Timaliidae|==Babblers==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Timaliidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Mimidae|==[[Mockingbird]]s and [[Thrasher]]s==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Timaliidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Mimidae|==Mockingbirds and thrashers==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Mimidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Mimidae]]
  
The Mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sturnidae|==[[Starling]]s==
+
The Mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes [[thrasher]]s, [[mockingbird]]s, [[trembler]]s, and the [[New World catbird]]s. These birds are notable for their vocalisation, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull greys and browns in their appearance.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Sturnidae|==Starlings==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Sturnidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Sturnidae]]
  
Starlings are small- to medium-sized [[Old World]] passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct, and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Prunellidae|==[[Accentor]]s==
+
[[Starling]]s are small- to medium-sized [[Old World]] passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct, and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Prunellidae|==Accentors==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Prunellidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Motacillidae|==[[Wagtail]]s and [[Pipit]]s==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Prunellidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Motacillidae|==Wagtails and pipits==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Motacillidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Motacillidae]]
  
The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Bombycillidae|==[[Waxwing]]s==
+
The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the [[wagtail]]s, [[longclaw]]s, and [[pipit]]s. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Bombycillidae|==Waxwings==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Bombycillidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Bombycillidae]]
  
The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterised by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Ptilogonatidae|==[[Silky-flycatcher]]s==
+
The [[waxwing]]s are a group of passerine birds characterised by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Ptilogonatidae|==Silky-flycatchers==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Ptilogonatidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Peucedramidae|==[[Olive Warbler]]==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Ptilogonatidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Peucedramidae|==Olive Warbler==
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Peucedramidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Parulidae|==[[New World warbler|Wood-warbler]]s==
+
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Peucedramidae]]|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Parulidae|==Wood-warblers==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Parulidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Parulidae]]
  
The Wood Warblers are a group of small often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some like are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Coerebidae|==Bananaquit==
+
The [[New World warbler|Wood Warblers]] are a group of small often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some like are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Coerebidae|==Bananaquit==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Coerebidae]] or '''Genus''' ''Coereba'' ''[[Incertae sedis]]''
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Coerebidae]] or '''Genus''' ''Coereba'' ''[[Incertae sedis]]''
  
The Bananaquit is a small passerine bird. It has a slender, curved bill, adapted to taking nectar from flowers and is the only member of the genus Coereba (Vieillot, 1809) and is normally placed within the family Coerebidae, although there is uncertainty whether that placement is correct (hence the assignment Genus: ''Coereba'' ''[[Incertae sedis]]'').|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Thraupidae|==[[Tanager]]s==
+
The [[Bananaquit]] is a small passerine bird. It has a slender, curved bill, adapted to taking nectar from flowers and is the only member of the genus Coereba (Vieillot, 1809) and is normally placed within the family Coerebidae, although there is uncertainty whether that placement is correct (hence the assignment Genus: ''Coereba'' ''[[Incertae sedis]]'').|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Thraupidae|==Tanagers==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Thraupidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Thraupidae]]
  
The tanagers are a large group of small- to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. They are seedeaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Emberizidae|==[[American sparrow]]s, [[Towhee]]s, [[Junco]]s, and [[Longspur]]s==
+
The [[tanager]]s are a large group of small- to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. They are seedeaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Emberizidae|==American sparrows, Towhees, Juncos, and Longspurs==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Emberizidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Emberizidae]]
  
The Emberizidae are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings.  In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cardinalidae|==[[Cardinal (bird)|Cardinal]]s, [[Saltator]]s, and [[Grosbeak]]s==
+
The Emberizidae, which include the [[American sparrow]]s, [[Towhee]]s, [[Junco]]s, and [[Longspur]]s, are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings.  In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Cardinalidae|==Cardinals, Saltators, and Grosbeaks==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Cardinalidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Cardinalidae]]
  
The Cardinals are a family of passerine birds that are robust, seed-eating birds, with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Icteridae|==[[Icterid|Blackbird]]s, [[Meadowlark]]s, [[Cowbird]]s, [[Grackle]]s, and [[New World oriole|Oriole]]s==
+
The [[Cardinal (bird)|Cardinal]]s, [[Saltator]]s, and [[Grosbeak]]s are passerine birds that are robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Icteridae|==Blackbirds, Meadowlarks, Cowbirds, Grackles, and Orioles==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Icteridae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Icteridae]]
  
The Icterids are a group of small to medium, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Fringillidae|==[[Finch]]es==
+
[[Icterid]]s, which include blackbirds, [[meadowlark]]s, [[cowbird]]s, [[grackle]]s, and [[New World oriole]]s, are a group of small to medium, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Fringillidae|==Finches==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Fringillidae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Fringillidae]]
  
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine [[flight_feather#Primaries|primaries]]. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Passeridae|==[[Sparrow|Old World sparrow]]s==
+
[[Finch]]es are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and nine [[flight_feather#Primaries|primaries]]. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|Passeridae|==Old World sparrows==
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Passeridae]]
 
Order: [[Passeriformes]]. Family: [[Passeridae]]
  
Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or greyish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|references||}}</includeonly><noinclude>
+
[[Sparrows|Old World sparrows]] are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or greyish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects.|}}{{ #ifeq: {{{family}}}|references||}}</includeonly><noinclude>
 
__NOTOC__
 
__NOTOC__
 
{{intricate}}
 
{{intricate}}

Latest revision as of 01:18, 10 July 2014


Example: {{Bird list header|dialect=US|family=Anatidae}}

Ducks, geese, and swans

Order: Anseriformes. Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

Introduction

This template includes a large amount of heading text that has been throughout hundreds of bird lists. This text has been put in template form for standardization and to make it easier to update.

Usage

Use {{Bird list header|dialect=US|family=Anatidae}} to create a heading for a list of birds (use "GB" for British spelling). If you would like to add an adendum, like to show how many birds are in a region, you may type it in after the template normally. Example: {{Bird list header|dialect=GB|family=Anatidae}} There are 38 Canadian species. An implemented example may be viewed at List of California birds. See /Code for code to copy and paste from and to see a list of currently supported families. The references section can be transcluded like the family headers with {{Bird list header|family=references}}.

Modifying template

Dialects

If you wish to modify some of the text for a particular dialect of English, replace the text with {{#switch: {{{dialect}}}| US = color| GB = colour| #default = color}}. More dialects can be added if necessary. The last word, "color", in this example is the default in case the parameter "dialect" is not specified. It will be best to keep the default standardized to one dialect, so US will be used (not that it matters if you specify the dialect when using the template).

Expansion

More families of birds may be added and of course existing entries can be changed and expanded; just carefully follow the format already in place. If a family is added, please add the family to /Code in taxonomic order.

References

It is probably a good idea to reference the text now. Since some families will not be transcluded to each page and because references are likely to be duplicated, using the Harvard referencing system is probably best. In-text citation can be done in the form (Hocking 2006) and the full citation can be given in a references section.

Edit button

The section edit button has been disabled because of an inherent limitation of using parser functions on headings. The magic word to disable those buttons is a part of the duck family. It is assumed that all pages will include ducks, but if they don't, the magic word can be added to another section too.

Assistance

You may ask User:Basar or others for assistance if you would like some part of this template added or expanded and do not know how to yourself.