Difference between revisions of "Template:Caduceus confusion summary"

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{{main|Caduceus as a symbol of medicine}}
 
{{main|Caduceus as a symbol of medicine}}
[[File:US Army Medical Corps Branch Plaque.gif|thumb|upright=0.8|The [[Medical Corps (United States Army)|US Army Medical Corps]] Branch Plaque. The adoption, in 1902, of the caduceus for US Army medical officer uniforms popularized the use of the symbol throughout the medical field in the United States.]]
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[[File:US Army Medical Corps Branch Plaque.gif|thumb|The [[Medical Corps (United States Army)|US Army Medical Corps]] Branch Plaque. The adoption, in 1902, of the caduceus for US Army medical officer uniforms popularized the (mis)use of the symbol throughout the medical field in the United States.]]
 
{{#if: {{{1|}}}|[[File:Rod of Asclepius2.svg|thumb|right|upright={{{1|}}}|[[Rod of Asclepius]]]]}}
 
{{#if: {{{1|}}}|[[File:Rod of Asclepius2.svg|thumb|right|upright={{{1|}}}|[[Rod of Asclepius]]]]}}
 
 
It is relatively common, especially in the United States, to find the caduceus, with its two snakes and wings, used as a symbol of medicine instead of the {{#if: {{{1|}}}|[[Rod of Asclepius]]|Rod of Asclepius}}, with only a single snake. This usage was popularised largely as a result of the adoption of the caduceus as its insignia by the [[Medical Corps (United States Army)|U.S. Army Medical Corps]] in 1902 at the insistence of a single officer (though there are conflicting claims as to whether this was Capt. Frederick P. Reynolds or Col. John R. van Hoff).<ref>F.H. Garrison, "The Use of the Caduceus in the Insignia of the Army Medical Officer", in ''Bull. Med. Lib. Assoc.'' IX (1919-20), 13-16</ref><ref name=Engle>{{cite journal|first=Bernice|last=Engle|title=The Use of Mercury's Caduceus as a Medical Emblem"|journal=The Classical Journal|volume=25|number=1|date=Dec 1929|page=205}}</ref>
 
It is relatively common, especially in the United States, to find the caduceus, with its two snakes and wings, used as a symbol of medicine instead of the {{#if: {{{1|}}}|[[Rod of Asclepius]]|Rod of Asclepius}}, with only a single snake. This usage was popularised largely as a result of the adoption of the caduceus as its insignia by the [[Medical Corps (United States Army)|U.S. Army Medical Corps]] in 1902 at the insistence of a single officer (though there are conflicting claims as to whether this was Capt. Frederick P. Reynolds or Col. John R. van Hoff).<ref>F.H. Garrison, "The Use of the Caduceus in the Insignia of the Army Medical Officer", in ''Bull. Med. Lib. Assoc.'' IX (1919-20), 13-16</ref><ref name=Engle>{{cite journal|first=Bernice|last=Engle|title=The Use of Mercury's Caduceus as a Medical Emblem"|journal=The Classical Journal|volume=25|number=1|date=Dec 1929|page=205}}</ref>
  
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The long-standing and abundantly attested historical associations of the caduceus with commerce are considered by many to be inappropriate in a symbol used by those engaged in the healing arts.<ref name=Engle/> This has occasioned significant criticism of the use of the caduceus in a medical context.  
 
The long-standing and abundantly attested historical associations of the caduceus with commerce are considered by many to be inappropriate in a symbol used by those engaged in the healing arts.<ref name=Engle/> This has occasioned significant criticism of the use of the caduceus in a medical context.  
  
{{cquote|As god of the high-road and the market-place Hermes was perhaps above all else the patron of commerce and the fat purse: as a corollary, he was the special protector of the traveling salesman. As spokesman for the gods, he not only brought peace on earth (occasionally even the peace of death), but his silver-tongued eloquence could always make the worse appear the better cause.<ref>An allusion to [[John Milton]]'s description of [[Belial]] in [[Paradise Lost]] II.113-114.</ref>  From this latter point of view, would not his symbol be suitable for certain Congressmen, all medical quacks, book agents and purveyors of vacuum cleaners, rather than for the straight-thinking, straight-speaking therapeutist? As conductor of the dead to their subterranean abode, his emblem would seem more appropriate on a hearse than on a physician's car.|4=Stuart L. Tyson|5="The Caduceus", in The Scientific Monthly<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tyson|first=Stuart L|title=The Caduceus|journal=Scientific Monthly|volume=34|number=6|page=495|date=1932}}</ref>}}<noinclude>{{Reflist}}</noinclude>
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{{bquote|As god of the high-road and the market-place Hermes was perhaps above all else the patron of commerce and the fat purse: as a corollary, he was the special protector of the traveling salesman. As spokesman for the gods, he not only brought peace on earth (occasionally even the peace of death), but his silver-tongued eloquence could always make the worse appear the better cause.<ref>An allusion to [[John Milton]]'s description of [[Belial]] in [[Paradise Lost]] II.113-114.</ref>  From this latter point of view, would not his symbol be suitable for certain Congressmen, all medical quacks, book agents and purveyors of vacuum cleaners, rather than for the straight-thinking, straight-speaking therapeutist? As conductor of the dead to their subterranean abode, his emblem would seem more appropriate on a hearse than on a physician's car.|4=Stuart L. Tyson|5="The Caduceus", in The Scientific Monthly<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tyson|first=Stuart L|title=The Caduceus|journal=Scientific Monthly|volume=34|number=6|page=495|date=1932}}</ref>}}<noinclude>{{Reflist}}</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 10:11, 14 February 2019

The US Army Medical Corps Branch Plaque. The adoption, in 1902, of the caduceus for US Army medical officer uniforms popularized the (mis)use of the symbol throughout the medical field in the United States.

It is relatively common, especially in the United States, to find the caduceus, with its two snakes and wings, used as a symbol of medicine instead of the Rod of Asclepius, with only a single snake. This usage was popularised largely as a result of the adoption of the caduceus as its insignia by the U.S. Army Medical Corps in 1902 at the insistence of a single officer (though there are conflicting claims as to whether this was Capt. Frederick P. Reynolds or Col. John R. van Hoff).[1][2]

The Rod of Asclepius is the dominant symbol for professional healthcare associations in the United States. One survey found that 62% of professional healthcare associations used the rod of Asclepius as their symbol.[3] The same survey found that 76% of commercial healthcare organizations used the Caduceus symbol. The author of the study suggests the difference exists because professional associations are more likely to have a real understanding of the two symbols, whereas commercial organizations are more likely to be concerned with the visual impact a symbol will have in selling their products.

The long-standing and abundantly attested historical associations of the caduceus with commerce are considered by many to be inappropriate in a symbol used by those engaged in the healing arts.[2] This has occasioned significant criticism of the use of the caduceus in a medical context.

As god of the high-road and the market-place Hermes was perhaps above all else the patron of commerce and the fat purse: as a corollary, he was the special protector of the traveling salesman. As spokesman for the gods, he not only brought peace on earth (occasionally even the peace of death), but his silver-tongued eloquence could always make the worse appear the better cause.[4] From this latter point of view, would not his symbol be suitable for certain Congressmen, all medical quacks, book agents and purveyors of vacuum cleaners, rather than for the straight-thinking, straight-speaking therapeutist? As conductor of the dead to their subterranean abode, his emblem would seem more appropriate on a hearse than on a physician's car.

— "The Caduceus", in The Scientific Monthly[5], in Script error: No such module "If empty"., Script error: No such module "If empty"., Script error: No such module "If empty".
  1. F.H. Garrison, "The Use of the Caduceus in the Insignia of the Army Medical Officer", in Bull. Med. Lib. Assoc. IX (1919-20), 13-16
  2. 2.0 2.1 Engle, Bernice (Dec 1929). "The Use of Mercury's Caduceus as a Medical Emblem"". The Classical Journal. 25 (1): 205.
  3. Friedlander, Walter J (1992). The Golden Wand of Medicine: A History of the Caduceus symbol in medicine. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-28023-1.
  4. An allusion to John Milton's description of Belial in Paradise Lost II.113-114.
  5. Tyson, Stuart L (1932). "The Caduceus". Scientific Monthly. 34 (6): 495.