Difference between revisions of "Template:Fall of Communism"

From blackwiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Nicaragua and Burma wasn't communist, and changing some of the links to events that HAPPENED. Replaced Pol Pot with Heng Samrin, the Communist leader in the 80s, because no protests happened under the Khmer Rouge and it was long before this period.)
imported>Charles Essie
(more fitting)
 
(115 intermediate revisions by 72 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Navbox
+
{{Civil navigation
 
|name  =Fall of Communism
 
|name  =Fall of Communism
|title = Fall of Communism
+
|title = [[Revolutions of 1989]]
 +
|state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
 
|bodyclass = hlist
 
|bodyclass = hlist
|above =  
+
| style = wide
* {{#if:{{{1|}}} | |[[Communism]]
 
* [[Liberalization]] and [[Democratization]]
 
* [[Criticism of communism]]
 
* [[Anti-communism]]}}
 
  
|group1 = Internal conditions
+
|group1 = Internal<br/>background
 
|list1 =
 
|list1 =
* [[Era of Stagnation|Brezhnev stagnation]]
+
* [[Era of Stagnation]]
* [[Cultural Revolution]]
+
* [[Communism]]
 +
* [[Anti-communism]]
 +
* [[Criticism of communist party rule]]  
 
* [[Eastern Bloc]]
 
* [[Eastern Bloc]]
* [[Eastern Bloc economies]]
 
 
* [[Eastern Bloc politics]]
 
* [[Eastern Bloc politics]]
* [[Eastern Bloc information dissemination]]
+
* [[Eastern Bloc media and propaganda]]
* [[Eastern Bloc emigration and defection]]
+
* [[Emigration from the Eastern Bloc]]
 
* [[KGB]]
 
* [[KGB]]
 
* [[Nomenklatura]]
 
* [[Nomenklatura]]
* [[Samizdat]]
 
 
* [[Shortage economy]]
 
* [[Shortage economy]]
 
* [[Totalitarianism]]
 
* [[Totalitarianism]]
 +
* [[Eastern European anti-Communist insurgencies]]
  
|group2 = International relations
+
|group2 = International<br/>background
 
|list2 =
 
|list2 =
 
* [[Active measures]]
 
* [[Active measures]]
 
* [[Cold War]]
 
* [[Cold War]]
* [[List of socialist countries]]
+
* [[List of socialist states]]
* [[Predictions of Soviet collapse]]
+
* [[People Power Revolution]]
 +
* [[Predictions of the collapse of the Soviet Union]]
 
* [[Reagan Doctrine]]
 
* [[Reagan Doctrine]]
 
* [[Soviet Empire]]
 
* [[Soviet Empire]]
 
* [[Terrorism and the Soviet Union]]   
 
* [[Terrorism and the Soviet Union]]   
* [[Holy See–Soviet Union relations|Vatican opposition]]
+
* [[Holy See–Soviet Union relations|Vatican Opposition]]
 +
* [[Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia]]
  
|group3 = Reforms of socialism
+
|group3 = Reforms
 
|list3 =
 
|list3 =
* [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
+
* [[Uskoreniye]]
 
* [[Perestroika]]
 
* [[Perestroika]]
 +
** [[Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union)|Demokratizatsiya]]
 +
** [[Khozraschyot]]
 +
** [[500 Days]]
 +
** [[Sinatra Doctrine]]
 
* [[Glasnost]]
 
* [[Glasnost]]
* [[Democratisation in the Soviet Union|Democratisation]]
+
* [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
* [[Sinatra Doctrine]]
+
* [[Đổi Mới]]
* [[Doi Moi]]
+
|group4 = Government<br/>leaders
 
+
|list4 =
|group4 = Events by country
 
|list4  = {{Navbox subgroup
 
 
 
| group1 = Eastern Bloc countries
 
| list1  =
 
* [[Fall of communism in Albania|Albania]]
 
* [[End of Communism in Bulgaria (1989)|Bulgaria]]
 
* [[Velvet Revolution|Czechoslovakia]]
 
* [[Die Wende|East Germany]]
 
* [[End of Communism in Hungary (1989)|Hungary]]
 
* [[End of Communism in Poland (1989)|Poland]]
 
* [[Romanian Revolution of 1989|Romania]]
 
* [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
 
* [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] <br> Former Soviet Republics: [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic#The Gorbachev era|Armenia]]
 
* [[History of Azerbaijan#1985—1991|Azerbaijan]]
 
* [[Byelorussian SSR#History|Belarus]]
 
* [[Singing Revolution|Estonia]]
 
* [[Georgian SSR#History|Georgia]]
 
* [[Singing Revolution|Latvia]]
 
* [[Singing Revolution|Lithuania]]
 
* [[History of Kazakhstan#Republic of Kazakhstan (1991–present)|Kazakhstan]]
 
* [[History of Kyrgyzstan#Independent Kyrgyzstan|Kirghistan]]
 
* [[History of Moldova#Gaining independence|Moldova]]
 
* [[Russian SFSR#Russian SFSR in the early 1990s|Russia]]
 
* [[Tajik SSR|Tajikstan]]
 
* [[Turkmen SSR|Turkmenistan]]
 
* [[History of Ukraine#Independence|Ukraine]]
 
* [[Uzbek SSR|Uzbekistan]]
 
 
 
| group2 = Other countries
 
| list2  =
 
* [[Afghan Civil War (1989-1992)|Afghanistan]]
 
* [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]]
 
* [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]] 
 
* [[United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia|Cambodia]]
 
* [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989|China]]
 
* [[People's Republic of the Congo]]
 
* [[August 1994 protest in Cuba|Cuba]]
 
* [[Ethiopian Civil War|Ethiopia]]
 
* [[1990 Democratic Revolution in Mongolia|Mongolia]]
 
* [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]
 
* [[Somalian Revolution (1986–1992)|Somalia]]
 
* [[South Yemen]]
 
}}
 
 
 
|group5 = Communist leaders
 
|list5 =
 
 
* [[Ramiz Alia]]
 
* [[Ramiz Alia]]
* [[Hafizullah Amin]]
+
* [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]
* [[Heydar Aliyev]]
 
* [[Yuri Andropov]]
 
* [[Aung San]]
 
* [[Siad Barre]]
 
* [[Leonid Brezhnev]]
 
* [[Fidel Castro]]
 
* [[Nicolae Ceauşescu]]
 
* [[Konstantin Chernenko]]
 
 
* [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
 
* [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
 
* [[Károly Grósz]]
 
* [[Károly Grósz]]
* [[Hua Guofeng]]
 
 
* [[Erich Honecker]]
 
* [[Erich Honecker]]
* [[Enver Hoxha]]
+
* [[Miloš Jakeš]]
* [[János Kádár]]
 
* [[Nikita Khrushchev]]
 
* [[Kim Il-sung]]
 
* [[Milouš Jakeš]]
 
 
* [[Egon Krenz]]
 
* [[Egon Krenz]]
 
* [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]]
 
* [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]]
 +
* [[Slobodan Milošević]]
 
* [[Mathieu Kérékou]]
 
* [[Mathieu Kérékou]]
 
* [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]
 
* [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]
* [[Slobodan Milošević]]
+
* [[Ne Win]]
 
* [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
 
* [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
* [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
 
* [[Kaysone Phomvihane]]
 
 
* [[Heng Samrin]]
 
* [[Heng Samrin]]
* [[Tôn Đức Thắng]]
 
* [[Walter Ulbricht]]
 
* [[Phoumi Vongvichit]]
 
 
* [[Deng Xiaoping]]
 
* [[Deng Xiaoping]]
 
* [[Todor Zhivkov]]
 
* [[Todor Zhivkov]]
 +
* [[Siad Barre]]
 +
 +
|group5 = Opposition<br/>methods
 +
|list5  =
 +
* [[Civil resistance]]
 +
* [[Demonstration (political)|Demonstration]]s
 +
* [[Human chain (politics)|Human chain]]s
 +
* [[Magnitizdat]]
 +
* [[Polish underground press]]
 +
* [[Protest]]s
 +
* [[Samizdat]]
 +
* [[Strike action]]
  
|group6 = Anti-communist leaders
+
|group6 = Opposition<br/>leaders
 
|list6  =
 
|list6  =
* [[Corazon Aquino]]
+
* [[Lech Wałęsa]]
 +
* [[Václav Havel]]
 +
* [[Alexander Dubček]]
 +
* [[Ion Iliescu]]
 +
* [[Liu Gang]]
 +
* [[Wu'erkaixi]]
 +
* [[Chai Ling]]
 +
* [[Wang Dan (dissident)|Wang Dan]]
 +
* [[Feng Congde]]
 +
* [[Tank Man]]
 +
* [[Joachim Gauck]]
 
* [[Sali Berisha]]
 
* [[Sali Berisha]]
 +
* [[Sanjaasürengiin Zorig]]
 
* [[Vladimir Bukovsky]]
 
* [[Vladimir Bukovsky]]
* [[Violeta Chamorro]]
+
* [[Boris Yeltsin]]
* [[Chiang Ching-kuo]]
 
 
* [[Viacheslav Chornovil]]
 
* [[Viacheslav Chornovil]]
* [[Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj]]
 
* [[Václav Havel]]
 
* [[John F. Kennedy]]
 
* [[Helmut Kohl]]
 
 
* [[Vytautas Landsbergis]]
 
* [[Vytautas Landsbergis]]
* [[Pope John Paul II]]
 
 
* [[Zianon Pazniak]]
 
* [[Zianon Pazniak]]
* [[Augusto Pinochet]]
+
* [[Zhelyu Zhelev]]
 +
* [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]
 +
* [[Meles Zenawi]]
 +
* [[Isaias Afwerki]]
 +
* [[Viktor Orbán]]
 
* [[Ronald Reagan]]
 
* [[Ronald Reagan]]
* [[Lee Teng-hui]]
+
* [[George H. W. Bush]]
* [[Margaret Thatcher]]
+
* [[Pope John Paul II]]
* [[Harry S. Truman]]
 
* [[Lech Wałęsa]]
 
* [[Boris Yeltsin]]
 
* [[Zhelyu Zhelev]]
 
  
|group7 = Democracy movements
+
|group7 = Opposition<br/>movements
 
|list7  =
 
|list7  =
* [[Chinese democracy movement]]
+
* [[Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation]]
 +
* [[Charter 77]]
 +
* [[New Forum]]
 
* [[Civic Forum]]
 
* [[Civic Forum]]
 
* [[Democratic Party of Albania]]
 
* [[Democratic Party of Albania]]
 
* [[Democratic Russia]]
 
* [[Democratic Russia]]
 +
* [[Initiative for Peace and Human Rights]]
 
* [[Sąjūdis]]
 
* [[Sąjūdis]]
* [[People's Movement of Ukraine|Rukh]]
+
* [[People's Movement of Ukraine]]
 
* [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]]
 
* [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]]
 
* [[Popular Front of Latvia]]
 
* [[Popular Front of Latvia]]
Line 162: Line 122:
 
* [[Public Against Violence]]
 
* [[Public Against Violence]]
 
* [[Belarusian Popular Front]]
 
* [[Belarusian Popular Front]]
 +
* [[Rastokhez]]
 
* [[National League for Democracy]]
 
* [[National League for Democracy]]
* [[National Opposition Union]]
 
* [[United Nationalist Democratic Organization]]
 
 
* [[National Salvation Front (Romania)|National Salvation Front]]
 
* [[National Salvation Front (Romania)|National Salvation Front]]
 
* [[Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)|Union of Democratic Forces]]
 
* [[Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)|Union of Democratic Forces]]
  
|group8 = Events
+
|group8 = Events<br/>by location
|list8  =
+
|list8  = {{Navbox|subgroup
* [[Revolutions of 1989]]
+
|groupstyle= background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle
* [[April 9 tragedy]]
+
 
* [[Black January]]
+
| group1 = Central and</br>Eastern Europe
* [[Baltic Way]]
+
| list1  =
 +
* [[Fall of communism in Albania|Albania]]
 +
* [[End of Communism in Bulgaria (1989)|Bulgaria]]
 +
* [[Velvet Revolution|Czechoslovakia]]
 +
* [[Peaceful Revolution|East Germany]]
 +
* [[End of communism in Hungary (1989)|Hungary]]
 +
* [[End of communism in Poland (1989)|Poland]]
 +
* [[Romanian Revolution|Romania]]
 +
* [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
 +
* [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
 +
 
 +
| group2 = Soviet Union
 +
| list2  =
 +
* [[1991 Armenian independence referendum|Armenia]]
 +
* [[1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum|Azerbaijan]]
 +
* [[Politics of Belarus#Independence from the USSR|Belarus]]
 +
* [[History of Chechnya|Chechnya]]
 +
* [[Singing Revolution|Estonia]]
 +
* [[1991 Georgian independence referendum|Georgia]]
 +
* [[Singing Revolution|Latvia]]
 +
* [[Singing Revolution|Lithuania]]
 +
* [[History of Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]
 +
* [[History of Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyzstan]]
 +
* [[Independence of Moldova|Moldova]]
 +
* [[History of Russia (1991–present)|Russia]]
 +
* [[History of Tajikistan|Tajikistan]]
 +
* [[1991 Turkmen independence referendum|Turkmenistan]]
 +
* [[1991 Ukrainian independence referendum|Ukraine]]
 +
* [[1991 Uzbek independence election|Uzbekistan]]
 +
 
 +
| group3 = Elsewhere
 +
| list3  =
 +
* [[Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)|Afghanistan]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]]
 +
* [[8888 Uprising|Burma]]
 +
* [[United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia|Cambodia]]
 +
* [[1989 Tiananmen Square protests|China]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of the Congo|Congo-Brazzaville]]
 +
* [[Ethiopian Civil War|Ethiopia]]
 +
* [[Mongolian Revolution of 1990|Mongolia]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]
 +
* [[Somali Rebellion|Somalia]]
 +
* [[Yemeni unification|South Yemen]]
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
|group9 = Individual<br/>events
 +
|list9  =
 +
* [[Jeltoqsan]]
 +
* [[1987–1989 Tibetan unrest]]
 
* [[1988 Polish strikes]]
 
* [[1988 Polish strikes]]
* [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989]]
 
* [[Removal of Hungary's border fence]]
 
 
* [[Polish Round Table Agreement]]
 
* [[Polish Round Table Agreement]]
 +
* [[April 9 tragedy]]
 +
* [[Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria]]
 
* [[Hungarian Round Table Talks]]
 
* [[Hungarian Round Table Talks]]
 
* [[Pan-European Picnic]]
 
* [[Pan-European Picnic]]
* [[Monday demonstrations in East Germany]]
+
* [[Baltic Way]]
 +
* [[Monday demonstrations in East Germany|Monday Demonstrations]]
 +
* [[Alexanderplatz demonstration]]
 
* [[Fall of the Berlin Wall]]
 
* [[Fall of the Berlin Wall]]
 +
* [[Fall of the inner German border]]
 
* [[Malta Summit]]
 
* [[Malta Summit]]
 +
* [[Black January]]
 +
* [[Helsinki Summit (1990)|Helsinki Summit]]
 
* [[German reunification]]
 
* [[German reunification]]
* [[January Events (Lithuania)|January 1991 events in Lithuania]]
+
* [[January Events (Lithuania)|January Events in Lithuania]]
* [[January 1991 events in Latvia]]
+
* [[The Barricades|January Events in Latvia]]
* [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt]]
+
* [[Transnistria War]]
* [[Yemeni unification]]
+
* [[1991 protests in Belgrade]]
|group9 = Post-collapse
+
* [[Warsaw Pact#End of the Cold War|Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact]]
|list9 =
+
* [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt|August Coup]]
 +
* [[Tajikistani Civil War]]
 +
* [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union]]
 +
* [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia]]
 +
 
 +
|group10 = Later events
 +
|list10 =
 
* [[Colour revolution]]
 
* [[Colour revolution]]
 
* [[Decommunization]]
 
* [[Decommunization]]
 +
* [[Lustration]]
 
* [[Democratization]]
 
* [[Democratization]]
 
* [[Economic liberalization]]
 
* [[Economic liberalization]]
* [[Economic reforms after the collapse of socialism]]
+
* [[Post-Soviet conflicts]]
 +
* [[Neo-Sovietism]]
 
* [[Neo-Stalinism]]
 
* [[Neo-Stalinism]]
* [[North Korean famine]]
 
 
* [[Post-communism]]
 
* [[Post-communism]]
* [[Putinism]]
 
* [[Special Period]]
 
 
* [[Yugoslav Wars]]
 
* [[Yugoslav Wars]]
 
+
* [[Pink tide]]
}}
+
}}<noinclude>
 +
[[Category:Asia history templates]]
 +
[[Category:Africa history templates]]
 +
[[Category:Communism templates]]
 +
[[Category:Europe history templates]]
 +
</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 15:58, 7 January 2021