Difference between revisions of "Template:Fall of Communism"

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|name  =Fall of Communism
 
|name  =Fall of Communism
|title = Fall of communism
+
|title = [[Revolutions of 1989]]
 +
|state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
 
|bodyclass = hlist
 
|bodyclass = hlist
 +
| style = wide
  
|group1 = Internal background
+
|group1 = Internal<br/>background
 
|list1 =
 
|list1 =
* [[Era of Stagnation|Brezhnev stagnation]]
+
* [[Era of Stagnation]]
 
* [[Communism]]
 
* [[Communism]]
* [[Cultural Revolution]]
+
* [[Anti-communism]]
* [[Criticism of communism]]  
+
* [[Criticism of communist party rule]]  
 
* [[Eastern Bloc]]
 
* [[Eastern Bloc]]
* [[Eastern Bloc economies]]
 
 
* [[Eastern Bloc politics]]
 
* [[Eastern Bloc politics]]
* [[Eastern Bloc information dissemination]]
+
* [[Eastern Bloc media and propaganda]]
* [[Eastern Bloc emigration and defection]]
+
* [[Emigration from the Eastern Bloc]]
 
* [[KGB]]
 
* [[KGB]]
* [[Mass killings under Communist regimes]]
 
 
* [[Nomenklatura]]
 
* [[Nomenklatura]]
 
* [[Shortage economy]]
 
* [[Shortage economy]]
 
* [[Totalitarianism]]
 
* [[Totalitarianism]]
 +
* [[Eastern European anti-Communist insurgencies]]
  
|group2 = International background
+
|group2 = International<br/>background
 
|list2 =
 
|list2 =
 
* [[Active measures]]
 
* [[Active measures]]
 
* [[Cold War]]
 
* [[Cold War]]
* [[List of socialist countries]]
+
* [[List of socialist states]]
* [[Predictions of Soviet collapse]]
+
* [[People Power Revolution]]
 +
* [[Predictions of the collapse of the Soviet Union]]
 
* [[Reagan Doctrine]]
 
* [[Reagan Doctrine]]
 
* [[Soviet Empire]]
 
* [[Soviet Empire]]
 
* [[Terrorism and the Soviet Union]]   
 
* [[Terrorism and the Soviet Union]]   
* [[Holy See–Soviet Union relations|Vatican opposition]]
+
* [[Holy See–Soviet Union relations|Vatican Opposition]]
 
* [[Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia]]
 
* [[Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia]]
  
|group3 = Reforms of socialism
+
|group3 = Reforms
 
|list3 =
 
|list3 =
* [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
+
* [[Uskoreniye]]
 
* [[Perestroika]]
 
* [[Perestroika]]
 +
** [[Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union)|Demokratizatsiya]]
 +
** [[Khozraschyot]]
 +
** [[500 Days]]
 +
** [[Sinatra Doctrine]]
 
* [[Glasnost]]
 
* [[Glasnost]]
* [[Democratisation in the Soviet Union|Democratisation]]
+
* [[Socialism with Chinese characteristics]]
* [[Sinatra Doctrine]]
+
* [[Đổi Mới]]
* [[Doi Moi]]
+
|group4 = Government<br/>leaders
 
 
|group8 = Events by location
 
|list8  = {{Navbox subgroup
 
 
 
| group1 = Eastern Bloc
 
| list1  =
 
* [[Fall of communism in Albania|Albania]]
 
* [[End of Communism in Bulgaria (1989)|Bulgaria]]
 
* [[Velvet Revolution|Czechoslovakia]]
 
* [[Die Wende|East Germany]]
 
* [[End of Communism in Hungary (1989)|Hungary]]
 
* [[End of Communism in Poland (1989)|Poland]]
 
* [[Romanian Revolution of 1989|Romania]]
 
* [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
 
* [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
 
 
 
| group2 = Soviet Union
 
| list2  =
 
* [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic#The Gorbachev era|Armenia]]
 
* [[History of Azerbaijan#1985—1991|Azerbaijan]]
 
* [[Byelorussian SSR#History|Belarus]]
 
* [[Chechnya]]
 
* [[Singing Revolution|Estonia]]
 
* [[Georgian SSR#History|Georgia]]
 
* [[Singing Revolution|Latvia]]
 
* [[Singing Revolution|Lithuania]]
 
* [[History of Kazakhstan#Republic of Kazakhstan (1991–present)|Kazakhstan]]
 
* [[History of Kyrgyzstan#Independent Kyrgyzstan|Kirghistan]]
 
* [[History of Moldova#Gaining independence|Moldova]]
 
* [[Russian SFSR#Early 1990s|Russia]]
 
* [[Tajik SSR|Tajikstan]]
 
* [[Turkmen SSR|Turkmenistan]]
 
* [[History of Ukraine#Independence|Ukraine]]
 
* [[Uzbek SSR|Uzbekistan]]
 
 
 
| group3 = Elsewhere
 
| list3  =
 
* [[Afghan Civil War (1989-1992)|Afghanistan]]
 
* [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]]
 
* [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]] 
 
* [[United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia|Cambodia]]
 
* [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989|China]]
 
* [[People's Republic of the Congo]]
 
* [[August 1994 protest in Cuba|Cuba]]
 
* [[Ethiopian Civil War|Ethiopia]]
 
* [[1990 Democratic Revolution in Mongolia|Mongolia]]
 
* [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]
 
* [[Somalian Revolution (1986–1992)|Somalia]]
 
* [[South Yemen]]
 
}}
 
 
 
|group4 = Regime leaders
 
 
|list4  =
 
|list4  =
 
* [[Ramiz Alia]]
 
* [[Ramiz Alia]]
* [[Yuri Andropov]]
+
* [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]
* [[Fidel Castro]]
 
* [[Nicolae Ceauşescu]]
 
* [[Konstantin Chernenko]]
 
 
* [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
 
* [[Mikhail Gorbachev]]
 
* [[Károly Grósz]]
 
* [[Károly Grósz]]
 
* [[Erich Honecker]]
 
* [[Erich Honecker]]
* [[Enver Hoxha]]
+
* [[Miloš Jakeš]]
* [[János Kádár]]
 
* [[Nikita Khrushchev]]
 
* [[Kim Il-sung]]
 
* [[Milouš Jakeš]]
 
 
* [[Egon Krenz]]
 
* [[Egon Krenz]]
 
* [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]]
 
* [[Wojciech Jaruzelski]]
 +
* [[Slobodan Milošević]]
 
* [[Mathieu Kérékou]]
 
* [[Mathieu Kérékou]]
 
* [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]
 
* [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]
 +
* [[Ne Win]]
 
* [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
 
* [[Denis Sassou Nguesso]]
* [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
 
 
* [[Heng Samrin]]
 
* [[Heng Samrin]]
* [[Tôn Đức Thắng]]
 
* [[Walter Ulbricht]]
 
 
* [[Deng Xiaoping]]
 
* [[Deng Xiaoping]]
 
* [[Todor Zhivkov]]
 
* [[Todor Zhivkov]]
 +
* [[Siad Barre]]
  
|group5 = Opposition methods
+
|group5 = Opposition<br/>methods
 
|list5  =
 
|list5  =
* [[Anti-communism]]
 
 
* [[Civil resistance]]
 
* [[Civil resistance]]
* [[Demonstration (people)|Demonstration]]s
+
* [[Demonstration (political)|Demonstration]]s
* [[Human chain]]s
+
* [[Human chain (politics)|Human chain]]s
 
* [[Magnitizdat]]
 
* [[Magnitizdat]]
 
* [[Polish underground press]]
 
* [[Polish underground press]]
* [[Protests]]
+
* [[Protest]]s
 
* [[Samizdat]]
 
* [[Samizdat]]
* [[Strike action|Strikes]]
+
* [[Strike action]]
  
|group6 = Opposition leaders
+
|group6 = Opposition<br/>leaders
 
|list6  =
 
|list6  =
 
* [[Lech Wałęsa]]
 
* [[Lech Wałęsa]]
 
* [[Václav Havel]]
 
* [[Václav Havel]]
* [[Ronald Reagan]]
+
* [[Alexander Dubček]]
* [[George H. W. Bush]]
+
* [[Ion Iliescu]]
 +
* [[Liu Gang]]
 
* [[Wu'erkaixi]]
 
* [[Wu'erkaixi]]
 
* [[Chai Ling]]
 
* [[Chai Ling]]
* [[Wang Dan]]
+
* [[Wang Dan (dissident)|Wang Dan]]
 
* [[Feng Congde]]
 
* [[Feng Congde]]
 
* [[Tank Man]]
 
* [[Tank Man]]
 
* [[Joachim Gauck]]
 
* [[Joachim Gauck]]
 
* [[Sali Berisha]]
 
* [[Sali Berisha]]
 +
* [[Sanjaasürengiin Zorig]]
 
* [[Vladimir Bukovsky]]
 
* [[Vladimir Bukovsky]]
 
* [[Boris Yeltsin]]
 
* [[Boris Yeltsin]]
* [[Violeta Chamorro]]
 
 
* [[Viacheslav Chornovil]]
 
* [[Viacheslav Chornovil]]
* [[Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj]]
 
 
* [[Vytautas Landsbergis]]
 
* [[Vytautas Landsbergis]]
 
* [[Zianon Pazniak]]
 
* [[Zianon Pazniak]]
 
* [[Zhelyu Zhelev]]
 
* [[Zhelyu Zhelev]]
*[[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-ul-Haq]]
+
* [[Aung San Suu Kyi]]
 +
* [[Meles Zenawi]]
 +
* [[Isaias Afwerki]]
 +
* [[Viktor Orbán]]
 +
* [[Ronald Reagan]]
 +
* [[George H. W. Bush]]
 +
* [[Pope John Paul II]]
  
|group7 = Opposition movements
+
|group7 = Opposition<br/>movements
 
|list7  =
 
|list7  =
 +
* [[Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation]]
 
* [[Charter 77]]
 
* [[Charter 77]]
 
* [[New Forum]]
 
* [[New Forum]]
* [[Chinese democracy movement]]
 
 
* [[Civic Forum]]
 
* [[Civic Forum]]
 
* [[Democratic Party of Albania]]
 
* [[Democratic Party of Albania]]
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* [[Initiative for Peace and Human Rights]]
 
* [[Initiative for Peace and Human Rights]]
 
* [[Sąjūdis]]
 
* [[Sąjūdis]]
* [[People's Movement of Ukraine|Rukh]]
+
* [[People's Movement of Ukraine]]
 
* [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]]
 
* [[Solidarity (Polish trade union)|Solidarity]]
 
* [[Popular Front of Latvia]]
 
* [[Popular Front of Latvia]]
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* [[Public Against Violence]]
 
* [[Public Against Violence]]
 
* [[Belarusian Popular Front]]
 
* [[Belarusian Popular Front]]
 +
* [[Rastokhez]]
 
* [[National League for Democracy]]
 
* [[National League for Democracy]]
* [[National Opposition Union]]
 
 
* [[National Salvation Front (Romania)|National Salvation Front]]
 
* [[National Salvation Front (Romania)|National Salvation Front]]
 
* [[Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)|Union of Democratic Forces]]
 
* [[Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)|Union of Democratic Forces]]
*[[Movement for Restoration of Democracy]]
 
  
|group9 = Individual events
+
|group8 = Events<br/>by location
 +
|list8  = {{Navbox|subgroup
 +
|groupstyle= background-color: #eeeeee; vertical-align: middle
 +
 
 +
| group1 = Central and</br>Eastern Europe
 +
| list1  =
 +
* [[Fall of communism in Albania|Albania]]
 +
* [[End of Communism in Bulgaria (1989)|Bulgaria]]
 +
* [[Velvet Revolution|Czechoslovakia]]
 +
* [[Peaceful Revolution|East Germany]]
 +
* [[End of communism in Hungary (1989)|Hungary]]
 +
* [[End of communism in Poland (1989)|Poland]]
 +
* [[Romanian Revolution|Romania]]
 +
* [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union]]
 +
* [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
 +
 
 +
| group2 = Soviet Union
 +
| list2  =
 +
* [[1991 Armenian independence referendum|Armenia]]
 +
* [[1991 Azerbaijani independence referendum|Azerbaijan]]
 +
* [[Politics of Belarus#Independence from the USSR|Belarus]]
 +
* [[History of Chechnya|Chechnya]]
 +
* [[Singing Revolution|Estonia]]
 +
* [[1991 Georgian independence referendum|Georgia]]
 +
* [[Singing Revolution|Latvia]]
 +
* [[Singing Revolution|Lithuania]]
 +
* [[History of Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]
 +
* [[History of Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyzstan]]
 +
* [[Independence of Moldova|Moldova]]
 +
* [[History of Russia (1991–present)|Russia]]
 +
* [[History of Tajikistan|Tajikistan]]
 +
* [[1991 Turkmen independence referendum|Turkmenistan]]
 +
* [[1991 Ukrainian independence referendum|Ukraine]]
 +
* [[1991 Uzbek independence election|Uzbekistan]]
 +
 
 +
| group3 = Elsewhere
 +
| list3  =
 +
* [[Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)|Afghanistan]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of Benin|Benin]]
 +
* [[8888 Uprising|Burma]]
 +
* [[United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia|Cambodia]]
 +
* [[1989 Tiananmen Square protests|China]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of the Congo|Congo-Brazzaville]]
 +
* [[Ethiopian Civil War|Ethiopia]]
 +
* [[Mongolian Revolution of 1990|Mongolia]]
 +
* [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]]
 +
* [[Somali Rebellion|Somalia]]
 +
* [[Yemeni unification|South Yemen]]
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
|group9 = Individual<br/>events
 
|list9  =
 
|list9  =
 +
* [[Jeltoqsan]]
 +
* [[1987–1989 Tibetan unrest]]
 
* [[1988 Polish strikes]]
 
* [[1988 Polish strikes]]
* [[Revolutions of 1989]]
+
* [[Polish Round Table Agreement]]
 
* [[April 9 tragedy]]
 
* [[April 9 tragedy]]
* [[Black January]]
+
* [[Removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria]]
* [[Baltic Way]]
 
* [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989]]
 
* [[Removal of Hungary's border fence]]
 
* [[Polish Round Table Agreement]]
 
 
* [[Hungarian Round Table Talks]]
 
* [[Hungarian Round Table Talks]]
 
* [[Pan-European Picnic]]
 
* [[Pan-European Picnic]]
* [[Monday demonstrations in East Germany]]
+
* [[Baltic Way]]
 +
* [[Monday demonstrations in East Germany|Monday Demonstrations]]
 +
* [[Alexanderplatz demonstration]]
 
* [[Fall of the Berlin Wall]]
 
* [[Fall of the Berlin Wall]]
 +
* [[Fall of the inner German border]]
 
* [[Malta Summit]]
 
* [[Malta Summit]]
 +
* [[Black January]]
 +
* [[Helsinki Summit (1990)|Helsinki Summit]]
 
* [[German reunification]]
 
* [[German reunification]]
* [[January Events (Lithuania)|January 1991 events in Lithuania]]
+
* [[January Events (Lithuania)|January Events in Lithuania]]
* [[January 1991 events in Latvia]]
+
* [[The Barricades|January Events in Latvia]]
* [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt]]
+
* [[Transnistria War]]
* [[Yemeni unification]]
+
* [[1991 protests in Belgrade]]
 +
* [[Warsaw Pact#End of the Cold War|Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact]]
 +
* [[1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt|August Coup]]
 +
* [[Tajikistani Civil War]]
 +
* [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union]]
 +
* [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia]]
 +
 
 
|group10 = Later events
 
|group10 = Later events
 
|list10 =
 
|list10 =
 
* [[Colour revolution]]
 
* [[Colour revolution]]
* [[Decommunization]]/[[Lustration]]
+
* [[Decommunization]]
 +
* [[Lustration]]
 
* [[Democratization]]
 
* [[Democratization]]
 
* [[Economic liberalization]]
 
* [[Economic liberalization]]
* [[Economic reforms after the collapse of socialism]]
+
* [[Post-Soviet conflicts]]
 +
* [[Neo-Sovietism]]
 
* [[Neo-Stalinism]]
 
* [[Neo-Stalinism]]
* [[North Korean famine]]
 
 
* [[Post-communism]]
 
* [[Post-communism]]
* [[Special Period]]
 
 
* [[Yugoslav Wars]]
 
* [[Yugoslav Wars]]
 
+
* [[Pink tide]]
 
}}<noinclude>
 
}}<noinclude>
[[ko::공산주의의 붕괴]]
+
[[Category:Asia history templates]]
[[pl:Szablon:Jesień Ludów]]
+
[[Category:Africa history templates]]
 +
[[Category:Communism templates]]
 +
[[Category:Europe history templates]]
 
</noinclude>
 
</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 15:58, 7 January 2021