Difference between revisions of "Template:Fallacies"

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{{Navbox generic
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{{Navbox
|name       = Formal Fallacy
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| name = Fallacies
|titlestyle = background-color:#B8860B
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| title = [[Fallacy|Fallacies]] ([[List of fallacies|list]])
|title      = [[Formal fallacy|Formal fallacies]]
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| state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
|groupstyle = text-align: left; vertical-align: top; background-color: transparent
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| bodyclass = hlist
|liststyle  = text-align: left; vertical-align: top
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|abovestyle = border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa
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| group1 = [[Formal fallacy|Formal]]
|belowstyle = text-align: right; font-style: italic
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| list1 =
|above = [[Argument from fallacy]] • [[Modal logic|Fallacy of modal logic]] • [[Masked man fallacy]] • [[Appeal to probability]]
+
 
|group1 = {{nowrap|[[Propositional calculus|Fallacy of propositional logic]]:}}
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{{Navbox|subgroup
|list1  = [[Affirming a disjunct]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Affirming the consequent]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Commutation of Conditionals]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;<br />[[False dilemma]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Denying the antecedent]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Improper Transition]]
+
| group1 = In [[Propositional calculus|propositional logic]]
|group2 = [[Quantification|Fallacy of quantificational logic]]:
+
| list1 =
|list2  = [[Existential fallacy]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Illicit Conversion]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Quantifier shift]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Unwarranted contrast]]
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* [[Affirming a disjunct]]
|group3 = [[Syllogistic fallacy]]:
+
* [[Affirming the consequent]]
|list3  = [[Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Negative conclusion from an affirmative premise]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;<br />[[Fallacy of exclusive premises|Exclusive premisses]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Fallacy of necessity|Necessity]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Fallacy of four terms|Four-term Fallacy]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Illicit major]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Illicit minor]]&nbsp;•&nbsp;[[Fallacy of the undistributed middle|Undistributed middle]]
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* [[Denying the antecedent]]
|below = [[:Category:Formal_fallacies|Other types of fallacy]]
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* [[Argument from fallacy]]
 +
 
 +
| group2 = In [[Quantifier (logic)|quantificational logic]]
 +
| list2 =
 +
* [[Existential fallacy|Existential]]
 +
* [[Affirming the consequent|Illicit conversion]]
 +
* [[Proof by example]]
 +
* [[Quantifier shift]]
 +
 
 +
| group3 = [[Syllogistic fallacy]]
 +
| list3 =
 +
* [[Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise]]
 +
* [[Fallacy of exclusive premises|Exclusive premises]]
 +
* [[Existential fallacy|Existential]]
 +
* [[Modal scope fallacy|Necessity]]
 +
* [[Fallacy of four terms|Four terms]]
 +
* [[Illicit major]]
 +
* [[Illicit minor]]
 +
* [[Negative conclusion from affirmative premises]]
 +
* [[Fallacy of the undistributed middle|Undistributed middle]]
 +
 
 +
| list4 =
 +
* [[Masked-man fallacy|Masked man]]
 +
* [[Mathematical fallacy]]
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
| group2 = Informal
 +
| list2 =
 +
 
 +
{{Navbox|subgroup
 +
| group1 = Equivocation
 +
| list1 =
 +
* [[Equivocation]]
 +
* [[False equivalence]]
 +
* [[False attribution]]
 +
* [[Quoting out of context]]
 +
* [[Loki's Wager]]
 +
* [[No true Scotsman]]
 +
* [[Reification (fallacy)|Reification]]
 +
 
 +
| group2 = Question-begging fallacies
 +
| list2 =
 +
* [[Circular reasoning]] / [[Begging the question]]
 +
* [[Loaded language]]
 +
** [[Leading question]]
 +
* [[Double-barreled question|Compound question]] / [[Loaded question]] / [[Complex question]]
 +
* [[No true Scotsman]]
 +
 
 +
| group3 = [[Correlative-based fallacies]]
 +
| list3 =
 +
* [[False dilemma]]  
 +
** [[Nirvana fallacy|Perfect solution]]
 +
* [[Denying the correlative]]
 +
* [[Suppressed correlative]]
 +
 
 +
| group4 = [[Fallacies of illicit transference|Illicit transference]]
 +
| list4 =
 +
* [[Fallacy of composition|Composition]]
 +
* [[Fallacy of division|Division]]
 +
* [[Ecological fallacy|Ecological]]
 +
 
 +
| group5 = ''[[Secundum quid]]''
 +
| list5 =
 +
* [[Accident (fallacy)|Accident]]
 +
* [[Converse accident]]
 +
 
 +
| group6 = [[Faulty generalization]]
 +
| list6 =
 +
* [[Anecdotal evidence]]
 +
* [[Sampling bias]]
 +
** [[Cherry picking]]
 +
** [[McNamara fallacy|McNamara]]
 +
* [[Base rate fallacy|Base rate]] / [[Conjunction fallacy|Conjunction]]
 +
* [[Double counting (fallacy)|Double counting]]
 +
* [[Argument from analogy|False analogy]]
 +
* [[Slothful induction]]
 +
* [[Overwhelming exception]]
 +
 
 +
| group7 = [[Vagueness]] / [[ambiguity]]
 +
| list7 =
 +
* [[Fallacy of accent|Accent]]
 +
* [[False precision]]
 +
* [[Moving the goalposts]]
 +
* [[Quoting out of context]]
 +
* [[Slippery slope]]
 +
* [[Sorites paradox]]
 +
* [[Syntactic ambiguity]]
 +
 
 +
| group8 = [[Questionable cause]]
 +
| list8 =
 +
* [[Animistic fallacy|Animistic]]
 +
** [[Furtive fallacy|Furtive]]
 +
* Correlation implies causation
 +
** ''[[Correlation does not imply causation|Cum hoc]]''
 +
** ''[[Post hoc ergo propter hoc|Post hoc]]''
 +
* [[Gambler's fallacy|Gambler's]]
 +
** [[Inverse gambler's fallacy|Inverse]]
 +
* [[Regression fallacy|Regression]]
 +
* [[Fallacy of the single cause|Single cause]]
 +
* [[Slippery slope]]
 +
* [[Texas sharpshooter fallacy|Texas sharpshooter]]
 +
 
 +
| group9 = Fallacies of relevance
 +
| list9 =
 +
 
 +
{{Navbox|subgroup
 +
| group1 = [[Appeal to emotion|Appeals to emotion]]
 +
| list1 =
 +
* [[Appeal to fear|Fear]]
 +
* [[Appeal to flattery|Flattery]]
 +
* [[Appeal to novelty|Novelty]]
 +
* [[Appeal to pity|Pity]]
 +
* [[Appeal to ridicule|Ridicule]]
 +
* [[Think of the children]]
 +
* [[In-group favoritism]]
 +
* [[Invented here]] / [[Not invented here]]
 +
* [[Island mentality]]
 +
* [[Appeal to loyalty|Loyalty]]
 +
* [[Parade of horribles]]
 +
* [[Appeal to spite|Spite]]
 +
* [[Flag-waving|Stirring symbols]]
 +
* [[Wisdom of repugnance]]
 +
 
 +
| group2 = [[Genetic fallacy|Genetic fallacies]]
 +
| list2 =
 +
 
 +
{{Navbox|subgroup
 +
| group1 = ''[[Ad hominem]]''
 +
| list1 =
 +
* [[Appeal to motive]]
 +
* [[Association fallacy|Association]]
 +
** ''[[Reductio ad Hitlerum]]''
 +
*** [[Godwin's law]]
 +
** ''[[Red-baiting|Reductio ad Stalinum]]''
 +
* [[Bulverism]]
 +
* [[Poisoning the well]]
 +
* [[Tone policing|Tone]]
 +
* ''[[Tu quoque]]''
 +
* [[Whataboutism]]
 +
 
 +
| list2 =
 +
* [[Argument from authority|Authority]]
 +
** [[Appeal to accomplishment|Accomplishment]]
 +
** ''[[Ipse dixit]]''
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** [[Argumentum ad lazarum|Poverty]] / [[Argumentum ad crumenam|Wealth]]
 +
* [[Etymological fallacy|Etymology]]
 +
* [[Appeal to nature|Nature]]
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* [[Appeal to tradition|Tradition]] / [[Appeal to novelty|Novelty]]
 +
** [[Chronological snobbery]]
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
| group4 = [[Appeal to consequences|Appeals to consequences]]
 +
| list4 =
 +
* ''[[Argumentum ad baculum]]''
 +
* [[Wishful thinking]]
 +
 
 +
| list5 =
 +
* ''[[Ad nauseam]]''
 +
** [[Sealioning]]
 +
* [[Argument to moderation]]
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* ''[[Argumentum ad populum]]''
 +
* [[Appeal to the stone]] / [[Proof by assertion]]
 +
* ''[[Irrelevant conclusion|Ignoratio elenchi]]''
 +
* [[Argument from silence]]
 +
* [[Invincible ignorance fallacy|Invincible ignorance]]
 +
* [[Moralistic fallacy|Moralistic]] / [[Naturalistic fallacy|Naturalistic]]
 +
* [[Motte-and-bailey fallacy]]
 +
* [[Rationalization (psychology)|Rationalization]]
 +
* [[Red herring]]
 +
** [[Two wrongs make a right]]
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* [[Special pleading]]
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* [[Straw man]]
 +
* [[Cliché]]
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* [[I'm entitled to my opinion]]
 +
}}
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
| below =  
 +
*{{icon|cat}} [[:Category:Fallacies|Category]]
 
}}<noinclude>
 
}}<noinclude>
[[zh-yue:Template:Formal Fallacy]]
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{{doc|content=
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{{collapsible option}}
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Philosophy and thinking navigational boxes]]
 +
}}
 
</noinclude>
 
</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 19:50, 11 December 2020

Template documentation

Initial visibility: currently defaults to autocollapse

To set this template's initial visibility, the |state= parameter may be used:

  • |state=collapsed: {{Fallacies|state=collapsed}} to show the template collapsed, i.e., hidden apart from its title bar
  • |state=expanded: {{Fallacies|state=expanded}} to show the template expanded, i.e., fully visible
  • |state=autocollapse: {{Fallacies|state=autocollapse}}
    • shows the template collapsed to the title bar if there is a {{navbar}}, a {{sidebar}}, or some other table on the page with the collapsible attribute
    • shows the template in its expanded state if there are no other collapsible items on the page

If the |state= parameter in the template on this page is not set, the template's initial visibility is taken from the |default= parameter in the Collapsible option template. For the template on this page, that currently evaluates to autocollapse.