Difference between revisions of "Template:Infobox hydrogen"
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| − | {{ | + | {{infobox element |
|name=hydrogen | |name=hydrogen | ||
| + | |symbol=H | ||
|number=1 | |number=1 | ||
| − | | | + | |abundance= |
| − | |left= | + | |abundance in earth's crust= |
| + | |abundance in oceans= | ||
| + | |abundance in solar system= | ||
| + | |left=– | ||
|right=[[helium]] | |right=[[helium]] | ||
| − | |above= | + | |above=– |
| − | |below=[[ | + | |below=[[Lithium|Li]] |
| − | | | + | |category comment= |
| − | |||
|group=1 | |group=1 | ||
|period=1 | |period=1 | ||
|block=s | |block=s | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|appearance=colorless gas | |appearance=colorless gas | ||
| − | | | + | |image name=Hydrogen discharge tube.jpg |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|electrons per shell=1 | |electrons per shell=1 | ||
| − | + | |phase= | |
| − | |phase= | ||
|phase comment= | |phase comment= | ||
|density gplstp=0.08988 | |density gplstp=0.08988 | ||
|density gpcm3nrt= | |density gpcm3nrt= | ||
| − | |density gpcm3mp= | + | |density gpcm3mp=0.07 |
| − | |melting point K= | + | |density gpcm3mp comment=(solid: 0.0763 g/cm<sup>3</sup>)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vEwj1WZKThEC&pg=PA240|page=240|title=Inorganic chemistry|author1=Wiberg, Egon |author2=Wiberg, Nils |author3=Holleman, Arnold Frederick |publisher=Academic Press|year=2001|isbn=978-0123526519}}</ref> |
| − | |melting point C= | + | |density gpcm3bp=0.07099 |
| − | |melting point F= | + | |melting point prefix=(H<sub>2</sub>) |
| − | |boiling point K=20. | + | |melting point K=13.99 |
| − | |boiling point C= | + | |melting point C=−259.16 |
| − | |boiling point F= | + | |melting point F=−434.49 |
| + | |sublimation point K= | ||
| + | |sublimation point C= | ||
| + | |sublimation point F= | ||
| + | |boiling point prefix=(H<sub>2</sub>) | ||
| + | |boiling point K=20.271 | ||
| + | |boiling point C=−252.879 | ||
| + | |boiling point F=−423.182 | ||
|triple point K=13.8033 | |triple point K=13.8033 | ||
| − | |triple point kPa=7. | + | |triple point kPa=7.041 |
| − | |critical point K=32. | + | |critical point K=32.938 |
| − | |critical point MPa=1. | + | |critical point MPa=1.2858 |
|heat fusion=(H<sub>2</sub>) 0.117 | |heat fusion=(H<sub>2</sub>) 0.117 | ||
| + | |heat fusion 2= | ||
|heat vaporization=(H<sub>2</sub>) 0.904 | |heat vaporization=(H<sub>2</sub>) 0.904 | ||
| − | |heat capacity=(H<sub>2</sub>) | + | |heat capacity=(H<sub>2</sub>) 28.836 |
| − | |vapor pressure 1= | + | |vapor pressure 1= |
| − | |vapor pressure 10= | + | |vapor pressure 10= |
| − | |vapor pressure 100= | + | |vapor pressure 100= |
| − | |vapor pressure 1 k= | + | |vapor pressure 1 k= |
|vapor pressure 10 k=15 | |vapor pressure 10 k=15 | ||
|vapor pressure 100 k=20 | |vapor pressure 100 k=20 | ||
|vapor pressure comment= | |vapor pressure comment= | ||
|crystal structure=hexagonal | |crystal structure=hexagonal | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|electronegativity=2.20 | |electronegativity=2.20 | ||
|number of ionization energies=1 | |number of ionization energies=1 | ||
| − | | | + | |ionization energy 1=1312.0 |
| − | | | + | |ionization energy 2= |
| − | | | + | |ionization energy 3= |
| − | |atomic radius= | + | |atomic radius= |
| − | |atomic radius calculated= | + | |atomic radius calculated= |
| − | |covalent radius= | + | |covalent radius=31±5 |
| − | |Van der Waals radius=[[ | + | |Van der Waals radius=120 |
| − | | | + | |magnetic ordering=[[diamagnetic]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 978-0-8493-0486-6 }} |
| + | </ref> | ||
|electrical resistivity= | |electrical resistivity= | ||
|electrical resistivity at 0= | |electrical resistivity at 0= | ||
|electrical resistivity at 20= | |electrical resistivity at 20= | ||
| − | |thermal conductivity= | + | |thermal conductivity=0.1805 |
|thermal conductivity 2= | |thermal conductivity 2= | ||
|thermal diffusivity= | |thermal diffusivity= | ||
|thermal expansion= | |thermal expansion= | ||
|thermal expansion at 25= | |thermal expansion at 25= | ||
| − | |speed of sound=(gas, 27 °C) | + | |speed of sound=1310 |
| + | |speed of sound comment=(gas, 27 °C) | ||
|speed of sound rod at 20= | |speed of sound rod at 20= | ||
|speed of sound rod at r.t.= | |speed of sound rod at r.t.= | ||
| + | |magnetic susceptibility= −3.98·10<sup>−6</sup> | ||
| + | |magnetic susceptibility ref=  (298 K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=978-0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref> | ||
| + | |tensile strength= | ||
|Young's modulus= | |Young's modulus= | ||
|Shear modulus= | |Shear modulus= | ||
| Line 77: | Line 85: | ||
|Vickers hardness= | |Vickers hardness= | ||
|Brinell hardness= | |Brinell hardness= | ||
| − | |CAS number=1333-74-0 | + | |CAS number=12385-13-6 |
| + | |CAS number comment=<br>1333-74-0 (H<sub>2</sub>) | ||
|isotopes= | |isotopes= | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Infobox element/isotopes stable| mn=1 | sym=H | na=99.98% | n=0 |link=Hydrogen atom |firstlinks=yes}} |
| − | {{ | + | {{Infobox element/isotopes stable| mn=2 | sym=H | na=0.02% | n=1 | link=Deuterium |firstlinks=no}} |
| − | {{ | + | {{Infobox element/isotopes decay| mn=3 | sym=H | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=12.32 y | dm=[[beta minus decay|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=0.01861 | link1=helium-3 | pn=3 | ps=He | link=Tritium }} |
| − | }}<noinclude>[[Category: | + | |predicted by= |
| + | |prediction date= | ||
| + | |discovered by=[[Henry Cavendish]]<ref name="Nostrand">{{cite encyclopedia| title=Hydrogen| encyclopedia=Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry| pages=797–799| publisher=Wylie-Interscience| year=2005| isbn=978-0-471-61525-5}}</ref><ref name="nbb">{{cite book| last=Emsley| first=John| title=Nature's Building Blocks| publisher=Oxford University Press| year=2001| location=Oxford| pages=183–191| isbn=978-0-19-850341-5}}</ref> | ||
| + | |discovery date=1766 | ||
| + | |named by=[[Antoine Lavoisier]]<ref name="Stwertka">{{cite book| last=Stwertka| first=Albert| title=A Guide to the Elements| publisher=Oxford University Press| year=1996| pages=16–21| isbn=978-0-19-508083-4}}</ref> | ||
| + | |named date=1783 | ||
| + | |history comment label= | ||
| + | |history comment= | ||
| + | |QID=Q556 | ||
| + | }}<!-- | ||
| + | |||
| + | --><noinclude> | ||
| + | {{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=H}} | ||
| + | {{Template reference list}} | ||
| + | Three of these references are [[WP:REFNAME|named references]]. They may be cited in the containing articles as | ||
| + | *<nowiki><ref name="Nostrand" /></nowiki> for the source from ''Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia'' | ||
| + | *<nowiki><ref name="nbb" /></nowiki> for the source from ''Nature's Building Blocks'' | ||
| + | *<nowiki><ref name="Stwertka" /></nowiki> for the source from ''A Guide to the Elements'' | ||
| + | {{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}} | ||
| + | [[Category:Templates that generate named references]] | ||
| + | </noinclude> | ||
Latest revision as of 00:22, 16 December 2020
[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
![]() Purple glow in its plasma state | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Hydrogen | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | colorless gas | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(H) | [[[:Template:Val]], Template:Val] conventional: Template:Val | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Hydrogen in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic number (Z) | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Group | 1: H and alkali metals | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Period | period 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Block | s-block | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | 1s1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrons per shell | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Phase at STP | gas | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | (H2) 13.99 K (−259.16 °C, −434.49 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Boiling point | (H2) 20.271 K (−252.879 °C, −423.182 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Density (at STP) | 0.08988 g/L | ||||||||||||||||||||
| when liquid (at m.p.) | 0.07 g/cm3 (solid: 0.0763 g/cm3)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| when liquid (at b.p.) | 0.07099 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Triple point | 13.8033 K, 7.041 kPa | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Critical point | 32.938 K, 1.2858 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | (H2) 0.117 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | (H2) 0.904 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Molar heat capacity | (H2) 28.836 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Oxidation states | −1, +1 (an amphoteric oxide) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.20 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ionization energies |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Covalent radius | 31±5 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Van der Waals radius | 120 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Spectral lines of hydrogen | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | hexagonal | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Speed of sound | 1310 m/s (gas, 27 °C) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | 0.1805 W/(m·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic susceptibility | −3.98·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[3] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CAS Number | 12385-13-6 1333-74-0 (H2) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Discovery | Henry Cavendish[4][5] (1766) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Named by | Antoine Lavoisier[6] (1783) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Main isotopes of hydrogen | |||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]
| data m.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | −259.16 | — | — | ||
| K | 13.99 | 13.99 | 0 | ||
| F | −434.49 | −434.49 | 0 | Template:Subpage other | |
| max precision | 2 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: −259.16, K: 13.99, F: −434.49 | ||||
| comment | |||||
| data b.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | −252.879 | — | — | ||
| K | 20.271 | 20.271 | 0 | ||
| F | −423.182 | −423.182 | 0 | Template:Subpage other | |
| max precision | 3 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: −252.879, K: 20.271, F: −423.182 | ||||
| comment | |||||
| → He | ||
| ||
| Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
|---|---|
| Name and identifiers | |
| Top image (caption, alt) | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Category (enwiki) | |
| Standard atomic weight | |
| most stable isotope | |
| Natural occurrence | |
| Phase at STP | |
| Oxidation states | |
| Spectral lines image | |
| Electron configuration (cmt, ref) | |
| Term symbol * (cmt, ref) | |
| Wikidata * | |
| * Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03) See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}} | |
References
- ↑ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils; Holleman, Arnold Frederick (2001). Inorganic chemistry. Academic Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0123526519.
- ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0486-6.
- ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 978-0-8493-0464-4.
- ↑ "Hydrogen". Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry. Wylie-Interscience. 2005. pp. 797–799. ISBN 978-0-471-61525-5.
- ↑ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 183–191. ISBN 978-0-19-850341-5.
- ↑ Stwertka, Albert (1996). A Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–21. ISBN 978-0-19-508083-4.
Three of these references are named references. They may be cited in the containing articles as
- <ref name="Nostrand" /> for the source from Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia
- <ref name="nbb" /> for the source from Nature's Building Blocks
- <ref name="Stwertka" /> for the source from A Guide to the Elements
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