Difference between revisions of "Template:Infobox phosphorus"
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| − | {{ | + | {{infobox element |
| + | |engvar={{{engvar|}}} | ||
|name=phosphorus | |name=phosphorus | ||
| − | |||
|number=15 | |number=15 | ||
|symbol=P | |symbol=P | ||
| + | |abundance= | ||
| + | |abundance in earth's crust=5.2 (silicon = 100) | ||
| + | |abundance in oceans= | ||
| + | |abundance in solar system= | ||
|left=[[silicon]] | |left=[[silicon]] | ||
|right=[[sulfur]] | |right=[[sulfur]] | ||
|above=[[nitrogen|N]] | |above=[[nitrogen|N]] | ||
|below=[[arsenic|As]] | |below=[[arsenic|As]] | ||
| − | | | + | |category comment= |
| − | |||
|group=15 | |group=15 | ||
|period=3 | |period=3 | ||
|block=p | |block=p | ||
| − | + | |appearance=waxy white, yellow, red, violet, black metallic-looking | |
| − | |||
| − | |appearance= | ||
|image name=PhosphComby.jpg | |image name=PhosphComby.jpg | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 5 | |electrons per shell=2, 8, 5 | ||
| − | + | |phase= | |
| − | |phase= | ||
|phase comment= | |phase comment= | ||
|density gplstp= | |density gplstp= | ||
| − | |density gpcm3nrt= | + | |density gpcm3nrt=white: 1.823 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br>red: ≈2.2–2.34 |
| − | |density gpcm3nrt 2= | + | |density gpcm3nrt 2=violet: 2.36 |
| − | |density gpcm3nrt 3= | + | |density gpcm3nrt 3=black: 2.69 |
|density gpcm3mp= | |density gpcm3mp= | ||
| − | |melting point K= | + | |melting point K=white: 317.3 |
| − | | | + | |melting point C=44.15 |
| − | | | + | |melting point F=111.5 |
| − | |sublimation point K= | + | |melting point comment=<br>red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/phosphorus-chemical-element |title=Phosphorus: Chemical Element |work=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><!-- <br>black: 883 K (610 °C, 1130 °F) --> |
| − | |sublimation point C= | + | |sublimation point K=red: ≈689.2–863 |
| − | |sublimation point F=< | + | |sublimation point C=≈416–590 |
| − | |boiling point K= | + | |sublimation point F=≈780.8–1094 |
| − | |boiling point C= | + | |sublimation point comment=<br>violet: 893 K (620 °C, 1148 °F) |
| − | |boiling point F= | + | |boiling point K=white: 553.7 |
| + | |boiling point C=280.5 | ||
| + | |boiling point F=536.9 | ||
|triple point K= | |triple point K= | ||
| − | |||
|triple point kPa= | |triple point kPa= | ||
| − | |triple point K 2= | + | <!--|triple point K 2=862.6 -?no pressure --> |
| − | |||
| − | |||
|critical point K= | |critical point K= | ||
|critical point MPa= | |critical point MPa= | ||
| − | |heat fusion= | + | |heat fusion=white: 0.66 |
|heat fusion 2= | |heat fusion 2= | ||
| − | |heat vaporization= | + | |heat vaporization=white: 51.9 |
| − | |heat capacity= | + | |heat capacity=white: 23.824 |
|vapor pressure 1=279 | |vapor pressure 1=279 | ||
|vapor pressure 10=307 | |vapor pressure 10=307 | ||
| Line 68: | Line 59: | ||
|vapor pressure 10 k 2=635 | |vapor pressure 10 k 2=635 | ||
|vapor pressure 100 k 2=704 | |vapor pressure 100 k 2=704 | ||
| − | |vapor pressure comment | + | |vapor pressure 2 comment=(red, b.p. 431 °C) |
| − | |crystal structure= | + | |crystal structure=bodycentredcubic |
| − | |||
| − | |||
|electronegativity=2.19 | |electronegativity=2.19 | ||
|number of ionization energies=4 | |number of ionization energies=4 | ||
| − | | | + | |ionization energy 1=1011.8 |
| − | | | + | |ionization energy 2=1907 |
| − | | | + | |ionization energy 3=2914.1 |
|atomic radius= | |atomic radius= | ||
|atomic radius calculated= | |atomic radius calculated= | ||
| − | |covalent radius= | + | |covalent radius=107±3 |
| − | |Van der Waals radius= | + | |Van der Waals radius=180 |
| − | |magnetic ordering= | + | |magnetic ordering=white, red, violet, black: [[diamagnetic]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }} |
| + | </ref> | ||
|electrical resistivity= | |electrical resistivity= | ||
|electrical resistivity at 0= | |electrical resistivity at 0= | ||
|electrical resistivity at 20= | |electrical resistivity at 20= | ||
| − | |thermal conductivity= | + | |thermal conductivity=white: 0.236 |
| − | |thermal conductivity 2= | + | |thermal conductivity 2=black: 12.1 |
|thermal diffusivity= | |thermal diffusivity= | ||
|thermal expansion= | |thermal expansion= | ||
| Line 93: | Line 83: | ||
|speed of sound rod at 20= | |speed of sound rod at 20= | ||
|speed of sound rod at r.t.= | |speed of sound rod at r.t.= | ||
| + | |magnetic susceptibility= −20.8·10<sup>−6</sup> | ||
| + | |magnetic susceptibility ref=  (293 K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref> | ||
|Young's modulus= | |Young's modulus= | ||
|Shear modulus= | |Shear modulus= | ||
| − | |Bulk modulus= | + | |Bulk modulus=white: 5 GPa<br/>red: 11 |
|Poisson ratio= | |Poisson ratio= | ||
|Mohs hardness= | |Mohs hardness= | ||
| Line 101: | Line 93: | ||
|Brinell hardness= | |Brinell hardness= | ||
|CAS number=7723-14-0 | |CAS number=7723-14-0 | ||
| + | |CAS number comment= (red)<br>12185-10-3 (white) | ||
|isotopes= | |isotopes= | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=31 | sym=P | na=100% | n=16 |firstlinks=yes}} |
| − | {{ | + | {{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=32 | sym=P | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=14.28 d | dm=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=1.709 | link1=sulfur-32 | pn=32|ps=S}} |
| − | {{ | + | {{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=33 | sym=P | na=trace | hl=25.3 d | dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=0.249 | link1=sulfur-33 | pn=33|ps=S}} |
|isotopes comment= | |isotopes comment= | ||
| − | | | + | |predicted by= |
| − | + | |prediction date= | |
| − | {{ | + | |discovered by=[[Hennig Brand]] |
| − | + | |discovery date=1669 | |
| − | {{Template reference list}}[[ | + | |first isolation by= |
| − | + | |first isolation date= | |
| − | [[ | + | |named by= |
| + | |named date= | ||
| + | |history comment label=Recognised as an element by | ||
| + | |history comment= [[Antoine Lavoisier]]<ref>cf. "[http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/Lavoisier1.html Memoir on Combustion in General]" ''Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences'' 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, ''A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900'' (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)</ref> (1777) | ||
| + | |QID=Q674 | ||
| + | }}<!-- | ||
| + | |||
| + | --><noinclude> | ||
| + | {{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=P}} | ||
| + | {{Template reference list}} | ||
| + | One of these is a [[WP:REFNAME|named reference]]. It may be cited in the containing article as | ||
| + | *<nowiki><ref name="CIAAW2013" /></nowiki> for the source ''Atomic weights of the elements 2013'' (from subtemplates used by {{tl|Infobox element}}) | ||
| + | {{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}} | ||
| + | [[Category:Templates that generate named references]] | ||
</noinclude> | </noinclude> | ||
Latest revision as of 00:29, 16 December 2020
[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
| File:PhosphComby.jpg waxy white (yellow cut), red (granules centre left, chunk centre right), and violet phosphorus | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Phosphorus | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pronunciation | /ˈfɒsfərəs/ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Appearance | waxy white, yellow, red, violet, black metallic-looking | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(P) | Template:Val[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Abundance | |||||||||||||||||||||
| in the Earth's crust | 5.2 (silicon = 100) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| [[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]] | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Phosphorus in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic number (Z) | 15 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Group | group 15 (pnictogens) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Period | period 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Block | p-block | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Phase at STP | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | white: 317.3 K (44.15 °C, 111.5 °F) red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Boiling point | white: 553.7 K (280.5 °C, 536.9 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Sublimation point | red: ≈689.2–863 K (≈416–590 °C, ≈780.8–1094 °F) violet: 893 K (620 °C, 1148 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Density (near r.t.) | white: 1.823 g/cm3 red: ≈2.2–2.34 g/cm3 violet: 2.36 g/cm3 black: 2.69 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | white: 0.66 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | white: 51.9 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Molar heat capacity | white: 23.824 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure (white)
| |||||||||||||||||||||
vapor pressure (red, b.p. 431 °C)
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, 0,[3] +1,[4] +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.19 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ionization energies |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Covalent radius | 107±3 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Van der Waals radius | 180 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Spectral lines of phosphorus | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other properties | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | body-centered cubic (bcc) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | white: 0.236 W/(m·K) black: 12.1 W/(m·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic ordering | white, red, violet, black: diamagnetic[5] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic susceptibility | −20.8·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[6] | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Bulk modulus | white: 5 GPa red: 11 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CAS Number | 7723-14-0 (red) 12185-10-3 (white) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Discovery | Hennig Brand (1669) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Recognised as an element by | Antoine Lavoisier[7] (1777) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Main isotopes of phosphorus | |||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]
| data m.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 44.15 | — | — | ||
| K | 317.3 | 317.30 | 0 | ||
| F | 111.5 | 111.47 | 0.03 | delta | Template:Subpage other |
| max precision | 2 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: 44.15, K: white: 317.3, F: 111.5 | ||||
| comment | red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)[2] | ||||
| data b.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 280.5 | — | — | ||
| K | 553.7 | 553.6 | 0.1 | delta | |
| F | 536.9 | 536.9 | 0 | Template:Subpage other | |
| max precision | 1 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: 280.5, K: white: 553.7, F: 536.9 | ||||
| comment | |||||
| Si ← |
→ S | |
| ||
| Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
|---|---|
| Name and identifiers | |
| Top image (caption, alt) | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Category (enwiki) | |
| Standard atomic weight | |
| most stable isotope | |
| Natural occurrence | |
| Phase at STP | |
| Oxidation states | |
| Spectral lines image | |
| Electron configuration (cmt, ref) | |
| Term symbol * (cmt, ref) | |
| Wikidata * | |
| * Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03) See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}} | |
References
- ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ↑ "Phosphorus: Chemical Element". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ↑ Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). "Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.
- ↑ Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.
- ↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
- ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
- ↑ cf. "Memoir on Combustion in General" Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900 (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)
One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as
- <ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
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