Difference between revisions of "Template:Infobox phosphorus"

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{{Elementbox
+
{{infobox element
 +
|engvar={{{engvar|}}}
 
|name=phosphorus
 
|name=phosphorus
|pronounce={{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|ɒ|s|f|ər|ə|s}} {{Respell|FOS|fər-əs}}
 
 
|number=15
 
|number=15
 
|symbol=P
 
|symbol=P
 +
|abundance=
 +
|abundance in earth's crust=5.2 (silicon = 100)
 +
|abundance in oceans=
 +
|abundance in solar system=
 
|left=[[silicon]]
 
|left=[[silicon]]
 
|right=[[sulfur]]
 
|right=[[sulfur]]
 
|above=[[nitrogen|N]]
 
|above=[[nitrogen|N]]
 
|below=[[arsenic|As]]
 
|below=[[arsenic|As]]
|series=nonmetal
+
|category comment=
|series comment=
 
 
|group=15
 
|group=15
 
|period=3
 
|period=3
 
|block=p
 
|block=p
|series color=
+
|appearance=waxy white, yellow, red, violet, black metallic-looking
|phase color=
 
|appearance=colorless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black
 
 
|image name=PhosphComby.jpg
 
|image name=PhosphComby.jpg
|image size=
 
|image name comment=waxy white (yellow cut), red (granules center left, chunk center right), and violet phosphorus
 
|image name 2=
 
|image name 2 comment=
 
|atomic mass=30.973762
 
|atomic mass 2=2
 
|atomic mass comment=
 
|electron configuration=&#91;[[neon|Ne]]&#93; 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>3</sup>
 
 
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 5
 
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 5
|color=
+
|phase=
|phase=solid
 
 
|phase comment=
 
|phase comment=
 
|density gplstp=
 
|density gplstp=
|density gpcm3nrt=(white) 1.823, (red) ≈ 2.2 – 2.34, (violet) 2.36, (black) 2.69
+
|density gpcm3nrt=white: 1.823 g/cm<sup>3</sup><br>red: ≈2.2–2.34
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
+
|density gpcm3nrt 2=violet: 2.36
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
+
|density gpcm3nrt 3=black: 2.69
 
|density gpcm3mp=
 
|density gpcm3mp=
|melting point K=<!-- (white) 317.4&nbsp;K, (red) ≈ 852&nbsp;K, (black) 883&nbsp;K -->
+
|melting point K=white: 317.3
|melting point C=(white) 44.2&nbsp;°C, (black) 610
+
|melting point C=44.15
|melting point F=<!-- (white) 112&nbsp;°F, (red) ≈ 1075&nbsp;°F, (black) 1130&nbsp;°F -->
+
|melting point F=111.5
|sublimation point K=<!-- (red) ≈ 689.2 – 863 &nbsp;K, (violet) 893&nbsp;K -->
+
|melting point comment=<br>red: &sim;860&nbsp;K (&sim;590&nbsp;°C, &sim;1090&nbsp;°F)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/phosphorus-chemical-element |title=Phosphorus: Chemical Element |work=Encyclopædia Britannica}}</ref><!-- <br>black: 883&nbsp;K (610&nbsp;°C, 1130&nbsp;°F) -->
|sublimation point C=(red) ≈ 416 – 590 &nbsp;°C, (violet) 620
+
|sublimation point K=red: ≈689.2–863
|sublimation point F=<!-- (red) ≈ 780.8 – 1094 &nbsp;°F, (violet) 1148&nbsp;°F -->
+
|sublimation point C=≈416–590
|boiling point K=<!-- (white) 553.7&nbsp;K -->
+
|sublimation point F=≈780.8–1094
|boiling point C=(white) 280.5
+
|sublimation point comment=<br>violet: 893&nbsp;K (620&nbsp;°C, 1148&nbsp;°F)
|boiling point F=<!-- (white) 536.9&nbsp;°F -->
+
|boiling point K=white: 553.7
 +
|boiling point C=280.5
 +
|boiling point F=536.9
 
|triple point K=
 
|triple point K=
|triple point C=
 
 
|triple point kPa=
 
|triple point kPa=
|triple point K 2=(red) 862.7
+
<!--|triple point K 2=862.6 -?no pressure -->
|triple point C 2=589.5
 
|triple point kPa 2=4367
 
 
|critical point K=
 
|critical point K=
 
|critical point MPa=
 
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=(white) 0.66
+
|heat fusion=white: 0.66
 
|heat fusion 2=
 
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=(white) 12.4
+
|heat vaporization=white: 51.9
|heat capacity=(white)<br />23.824
+
|heat capacity=white: 23.824
 
|vapor pressure 1=279
 
|vapor pressure 1=279
 
|vapor pressure 10=307
 
|vapor pressure 10=307
Line 68: Line 59:
 
|vapor pressure 10 k 2=635
 
|vapor pressure 10 k 2=635
 
|vapor pressure 100 k 2=704
 
|vapor pressure 100 k 2=704
|vapor pressure comment 2=(red, bp. 431 °C)
+
|vapor pressure 2 comment=(red, b.p.&nbsp;431&nbsp;°C)
|crystal structure=
+
|crystal structure=bodycentredcubic
|oxidation states='''5''', 4, 3, 2<ref>[http://www.webelements.com/webelements/compounds/text/P/H4P2-13445506.html webelements]</ref>, 1 <ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ic060186o|pmid=16903744|title=Phosphorus(I) Iodide:  A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds|year=2006|last1=Ellis|first1=Bobby D.|last2=MacDonald|first2=Charles L. B.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=45|issue=17|pages=6864–74}}</ref>, −1, −2, −3
 
|oxidation states comment=mildly [[acid]]ic oxide
 
 
|electronegativity=2.19
 
|electronegativity=2.19
 
|number of ionization energies=4
 
|number of ionization energies=4
|1st ionization energy=1011.8
+
|ionization energy 1=1011.8
|2nd ionization energy=1907
+
|ionization energy 2=1907
|3rd ionization energy=2914.1
+
|ionization energy 3=2914.1
 
|atomic radius=
 
|atomic radius=
 
|atomic radius calculated=
 
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=[[1 E-10 m|107±3]]
+
|covalent radius=107±3
|Van der Waals radius=[[1 E-10 m|180]]
+
|Van der Waals radius=180
|magnetic ordering= (white,red,violet,black) [[diamagnetic]]<ref>[http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds], in {{RubberBible86th}}</ref>
+
|magnetic ordering=white, red, violet, black: [[diamagnetic]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }}
 +
</ref>
 
|electrical resistivity=
 
|electrical resistivity=
 
|electrical resistivity at 0=
 
|electrical resistivity at 0=
 
|electrical resistivity at 20=
 
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=(white) 0.236, (black) 12.1
+
|thermal conductivity=white: 0.236
|thermal conductivity 2=
+
|thermal conductivity 2=black: 12.1
 
|thermal diffusivity=
 
|thermal diffusivity=
 
|thermal expansion=
 
|thermal expansion=
Line 93: Line 83:
 
|speed of sound rod at 20=
 
|speed of sound rod at 20=
 
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
 
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
 +
|magnetic susceptibility= &minus;20.8·10<sup>−6</sup>
 +
|magnetic susceptibility ref= &#x20;(293&nbsp;K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref>
 
|Young's modulus=
 
|Young's modulus=
 
|Shear modulus=
 
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=(white) 5, (red) 11
+
|Bulk modulus=white: 5 GPa<br/>red: 11
 
|Poisson ratio=
 
|Poisson ratio=
 
|Mohs hardness=
 
|Mohs hardness=
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|Brinell hardness=
 
|Brinell hardness=
 
|CAS number=7723-14-0
 
|CAS number=7723-14-0
 +
|CAS number comment= (red)<br>12185-10-3 (white)
 
|isotopes=
 
|isotopes=
{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=31 | sym=P | na=100% | n=16 }}
+
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable | mn=31 | sym=P | na=100% | n=16 |firstlinks=yes}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=32 | sym=P | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=14.28 [[day|d]] | dm=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=1.709 | pn=32|ps=[[sulfur|S]] }}
+
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=32 | sym=P | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=14.28&nbsp;d | dm=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=1.709 | link1=sulfur-32 | pn=32|ps=S}}
{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=33 | sym=P | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=25.3 [[day|d]] | dm=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=0.249 | pn=33|ps=[[sulfur|S]] }}
+
{{infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=33 | sym=P | na=trace | hl=25.3&nbsp;d | dm=β<sup>−</sup> | de=0.249 | link1=sulfur-33 | pn=33|ps=S}}
 
|isotopes comment=
 
|isotopes comment=
|engvar={{{engvar|}}}
+
|predicted by=
}}<noinclude>
+
|prediction date=
{{documentation}}
+
|discovered by=[[Hennig Brand]]
[[Category:Periodic table infobox templates|Phosphorus]]
+
|discovery date=1669
{{Template reference list}}[[bn:টেমপ্লেট:তথ্যছক ফসফরাস]]
+
|first isolation by=
[[ca:Plantilla:Fòsfor]]
+
|first isolation date=
[[fa:الگو:جعبه اطلاعات فسفر]]
+
|named by=
 +
|named date=
 +
|history comment label=Recognised as an element by
 +
|history comment= [[Antoine Lavoisier]]<ref>cf. "[http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/Lavoisier1.html Memoir on Combustion in General]" ''Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences'' 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, ''A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900'' (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)</ref> (1777)
 +
|QID=Q674
 +
}}<!--
 +
 
 +
--><noinclude>
 +
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=P}}
 +
{{Template reference list}}
 +
One of these is a [[WP:REFNAME|named reference]]. It may be cited in the containing article as
 +
*<nowiki><ref name="CIAAW2013" /></nowiki> for the source ''Atomic weights of the elements 2013'' (from subtemplates used by {{tl|Infobox element}})
 +
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
 +
[[Category:Templates that generate named references]]
 
</noinclude>
 
</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 00:29, 16 December 2020

[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]

Phosphorus, 15P
File:PhosphComby.jpg
waxy white (yellow cut), red (granules centre left, chunk centre right), and violet phosphorus
Phosphorus
Pronunciation/ˈfɒsfərəs/ (Template:Respell)
Appearancewaxy white, yellow, red, violet, black metallic-looking
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(P)Template:Val[1]
Abundance
in the Earth's crust5.2 (silicon = 100)
[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]
Phosphorus in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) N

P

As
siliconphosphorussulfur
Atomic number (Z)15
Groupgroup 15 (pnictogens)
Periodperiod 3
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Electrons per shell2, 8, 5
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting pointwhite: 317.3 K ​(44.15 °C, ​111.5 °F)
red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)[2]
Boiling pointwhite: 553.7 K ​(280.5 °C, ​536.9 °F)
Sublimation pointred: ≈689.2–863 K ​(≈416–590 °C, ​≈780.8–1094 °F)
violet: 893 K (620 °C, 1148 °F)
Density (near r.t.)white: 1.823 g/cm3
red: ≈2.2–2.34 g/cm3
violet: 2.36 g/cm3
black: 2.69 g/cm3
Heat of fusionwhite: 0.66 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporizationwhite: 51.9 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacitywhite: 23.824 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure (white)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 279 307 342 388 453 549
vapor pressure (red, b.p. 431 °C)
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 455 489 529 576 635 704
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−3, −2, −1, 0,[3] +1,[4] +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.19
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 1011.8 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1907 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2914.1 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Covalent radius107±3 pm
Van der Waals radius180 pm
Spectral lines of phosphorus
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurebody-centered cubic (bcc)
Thermal conductivitywhite: 0.236 W/(m·K)
black: 12.1 W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingwhite, red, violet, black: diamagnetic[5]
Magnetic susceptibility−20.8·10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)[6]
Bulk moduluswhite: 5 GPa
red: 11 GPa
CAS Number7723-14-0 (red)
12185-10-3 (white)
History
DiscoveryHennig Brand (1669)
Recognised as an element byAntoine Lavoisier[7] (1777)
Main isotopes of phosphorus
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]
31P 100% stable
32P trace 14.28 d β 32S
33P trace 25.3 d β 33S
16x16px Category: Phosphorus
| references

[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]

data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 44.15
K 317.3 317.30 0
F 111.5 111.47 0.03 delta Template:Subpage other
max precision 2
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 44.15, K: white: 317.3, F: 111.5
comment
red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)[2]
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 280.5
K 553.7 553.6 0.1 delta
F 536.9 536.9 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 1
WD Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". Template:Wikidata
input C: 280.5, K: white: 553.7, F: 536.9
comment
Si ←

i'box Si

iso
15
P (E)
→ S

i'box S

  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. "Phosphorus: Chemical Element". Encyclopædia Britannica.
  3. Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). "Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 130 (45): 14970–1. doi:10.1021/ja807828t. PMID 18937460.
  4. Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (17): 6864–74. doi:10.1021/ic060186o. PMID 16903744.
  5. Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
  6. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
  7. cf. "Memoir on Combustion in General" Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900 (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)

One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as

  • <ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})

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