Difference between revisions of "Template:Infobox chromium"
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| − | {{Elementbox |name=chromium |pronounce={{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|oʊ|m|i|əm}} {{Respell|KROH|mee-əm}} |number=24 |symbol=Cr |left=[[vanadium]] |right=[[manganese]] |above=- |below=[[molybdenum|Mo]] |series=transition metal |series comment= |group=6 |period=4 |block=d |series color= |phase color= |appearance=silvery metallic |image name= Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg |image size= |image name comment= |image name 2= |image name 2 comment= |atomic mass=51.9961 |atomic mass 2=6 |atomic mass comment= |electron configuration= | + | {{Elementbox |
| + | |name=chromium | ||
| + | |pronounce={{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|oʊ|m|i|əm}} {{Respell|KROH|mee-əm}} | ||
| + | |number=24 | ||
| + | |symbol=Cr | ||
| + | |left=[[vanadium]] | ||
| + | |right=[[manganese]] | ||
| + | |above=- | ||
| + | |below=[[molybdenum|Mo]] | ||
| + | |series=transition metal | ||
| + | |series comment= | ||
| + | |group=6 | ||
| + | |period=4 | ||
| + | |block=d | ||
| + | |series color= | ||
| + | |phase color= | ||
| + | |appearance=silvery metallic | ||
| + | |image name= Chromium_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg | ||
| + | |image size= | ||
| + | |image name comment= | ||
| + | |image name 2= | ||
| + | |image name 2 comment= | ||
| + | |atomic mass=51.9961 | ||
| + | |atomic mass 2=6 | ||
| + | |atomic mass comment= | ||
| + | |electron configuration=[[[argon|Ar]]] 4s<sup>1</sup>3d<sup>5</sup> | ||
| + | |electrons per shell=2, 8, 13, 1 | ||
| + | |color= | ||
| + | |phase=solid | ||
| + | |phase comment= | ||
| + | |density gplstp= | ||
| + | |density gpcm3nrt=7.19 | ||
| + | |density gpcm3nrt 2= | ||
| + | |density gpcm3mp=6.3 | ||
| + | |melting point K=2180 | ||
| + | |melting point C=1907 | ||
| + | |melting point F=3465 | ||
| + | |boiling point K=2944 | ||
| + | |boiling point C=2671 | ||
| + | |boiling point F=4840 | ||
| + | |triple point K= | ||
| + | |triple point kPa= | ||
| + | |critical point K= | ||
| + | |critical point MPa= | ||
| + | |heat fusion=21.0 | ||
| + | |heat fusion 2= | ||
| + | |heat vaporization=339.5 | ||
| + | |heat capacity=23.35 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure 1=1656 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure 10=1807 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure 100=1991 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure 1 k=2223 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure 10 k=2530 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure 100 k=2942 | ||
| + | |vapor pressure comment= | ||
| + | |crystal structure=body-centered cubic | ||
| + | |oxidation states='''6''', 5, 4, '''3''', 2, 1, -1, -2 | ||
| + | |oxidation states comment=strongly [[acid]]ic oxide | ||
| + | |electronegativity=1.66 | ||
| + | |number of ionization energies=4 | ||
| + | |1st ionization energy=652.9 | ||
| + | |2nd ionization energy=1590.6 | ||
| + | |3rd ionization energy=2987 | ||
| + | |atomic radius=[[1 E-10 m|128]] | ||
| + | |atomic radius calculated= | ||
| + | |covalent radius=[[1 E-10 m|139±5]] | ||
| + | |Van der Waals radius= | ||
| + | |magnetic ordering=[[antiferromagnetism|AFM]] (rather: [[spin density wave|SDW]]<ref name=fawcett>{{cite journal|doi=10.1103/RevModPhys.60.209|title=Spin-density-wave antiferromagnetism in chromium|year=1988|author=Fawcett, Eric|journal=Reviews of Modern Physics|volume=60|pages=209|bibcode=1988RvMP...60..209F}}</ref>) | ||
| + | |electrical resistivity= | ||
| + | |electrical resistivity at 0= | ||
| + | |electrical resistivity at 20=125 n | ||
| + | |thermal conductivity=93.9 | ||
| + | |thermal conductivity 2= | ||
| + | |thermal diffusivity= | ||
| + | |thermal expansion= | ||
| + | |thermal expansion at 25=4.9 | ||
| + | |speed of sound= | ||
| + | |speed of sound rod at 20=5940 | ||
| + | |speed of sound rod at r.t.= | ||
| + | |Young's modulus=279 | ||
| + | |Shear modulus=115 | ||
| + | |Bulk modulus=160 | ||
| + | |Poisson ratio=0.21 | ||
| + | |Mohs hardness=8.5 | ||
| + | |Vickers hardness=1060 | ||
| + | |Brinell hardness=1120 | ||
| + | |CAS number=7440-47-3 | ||
| + | |isotopes= | ||
| + | {{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=50 | sym=Cr | na=4.345% | hl=> 1.8×10<sup>17</sup>[[y]] | dm=[[Double electron capture|εε]] | de=-| pn=50 | ps=[[titanium|Ti]] }} | ||
| + | {{Elementbox_isotopes_decay2 | mn=51 | sym=Cr | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=[[1 E6 s|27.7025 d]] | dm1=[[electron capture|ε]] | de1=- | pn1=51 | ps1=[[vanadium|V]] | | ||
| + | dm2=[[gamma ray|γ]] | de2=0.320 | pn2= | ps2=- }} | ||
| + | {{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=52 | sym=Cr | na=83.789% | n=28 }} | ||
| + | {{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=53 | sym=Cr | na=9.501% | n=29 }} | ||
| + | {{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=54 | sym=Cr | na=2.365% | n=30 }} | ||
| + | |isotopes comment= | ||
| + | }}<noinclude>[[Category:Periodic table infobox templates|Chromium]] | ||
| + | {{Template reference list}}[[ca:Plantilla:Crom]] | ||
| + | [[fa:الگو:جعبه اطلاعات کروم]] | ||
| + | </noinclude> | ||
Revision as of 14:12, 17 August 2012
[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
| File:Chromium crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chromium | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | silvery metallic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Cr) | Template:Val[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chromium in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic number (Z) | 24 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Group | group 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Period | period 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Block | d-block | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | [Ar] 3d5 4s1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 13, 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Physical properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phase at STP | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | 2180 K (1907 °C, 3465 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boiling point | 2944 K (2671 °C, 4840 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Density (near r.t.) | 7.19 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| when liquid (at m.p.) | 6.3 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | 21.0 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | 339.5 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Molar heat capacity | 23.35 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oxidation states | −4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6 (depending on the oxidation state, an acidic, basic, or amphoteric oxide) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.66 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ionization energies |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic radius | empirical: 128 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Covalent radius | 139±5 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spectral lines of chromium | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | body-centered cubic (bcc) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Speed of sound thin rod | 5940 m/s (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal expansion | 4.9 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | 93.9 W/(m·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electrical resistivity | 125 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic ordering | AFM (rather: SDW[2]) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Young's modulus | 279 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shear modulus | 115 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bulk modulus | 160 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Poisson ratio | 0.21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mohs hardness | 8.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vickers hardness | 1060 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brinell hardness | 1120 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CAS Number | 7440-47-3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Main isotopes of chromium | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]
| data m.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 1907 | — | — | ||
| K | 2180 | 2180 | 0 | ||
| F | 3465 | 3465 | 0 | Template:Subpage other | |
| max precision | 0 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: 1907, K: 2180, F: 3465 | ||||
| comment | |||||
| data b.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 2671 | — | — | ||
| K | 2944 | 2944 | 0 | ||
| F | 4840 | 4840 | 0 | Template:Subpage other | |
| max precision | 0 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: 2671, K: 2944, F: 4840 | ||||
| comment | |||||
References
- ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ↑ Fawcett, Eric (1988). "Spin-density-wave antiferromagnetism in chromium". Reviews of Modern Physics. 60: 209. Bibcode:1988RvMP...60..209F. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.60.209.