Difference between revisions of "Template:DoseConcentrationClearance"

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imported>Medgirl131
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! Worked example<br />value
 
! Worked example<br />value
 
|-
 
|-
| [[Dose (biochemistry)|Dose]] || Amount of drug administered. || <math>D</math>  
+
| [[Dose (biochemistry)|Dose]] || Amount of drug administered. || <math>D</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{mol}</math> || {{n/a|Design parameter}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{mol}</math> || {{n/a|Design parameter}}
 
| 500&nbsp;mmol
 
| 500&nbsp;mmol
 
|-
 
|-
| Dosing interval || Time between drug dose administrations. || <math>\tau</math>  
+
| Dosing interval || Time between drug dose administrations. || <math>\tau</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || {{n/a|Design parameter}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || {{n/a|Design parameter}}
 
| 24&nbsp;h
 
| 24&nbsp;h
 
|-
 
|-
| [[Cmax (pharmacology)|C<sub>max</sub>]] || The peak plasma concentration of a drug after administration. || <math>C_\text{max}</math>  
+
| [[Cmax (pharmacology)|C<sub>max</sub>]] || The peak plasma concentration of a drug after administration. || <math>C_\text{max}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}</math> || {{n/a|Direct measurement}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}</math> || {{n/a|Direct measurement}}
 
| 60.9&nbsp;mmol/L
 
| 60.9&nbsp;mmol/L
 
|-
 
|-
| t<sub>max</sub> || Time to reach C<sub>max</sub>. || <math>t_\text{max}</math>  
+
| t<sub>max</sub> || Time to reach C<sub>max</sub>. || <math>t_\text{max}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || {{n/a|Direct measurement}}  
 
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || {{n/a|Direct measurement}}  
 
| 3.9&nbsp;h
 
| 3.9&nbsp;h
 
|-
 
|-
 
| C<sub>min</sub> || The lowest ([[trough level|trough]]) concentration that a drug reaches before the next dose is administered.
 
| C<sub>min</sub> || The lowest ([[trough level|trough]]) concentration that a drug reaches before the next dose is administered.
| <math>C_{\text{min}, \text{ss}}</math>  
+
| <math>C_{\text{min}, \text{ss}}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}</math> || {{n/a|Direct measurement}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}</math> || {{n/a|Direct measurement}}
 
| 27.7&nbsp;mmol/L
 
| 27.7&nbsp;mmol/L
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Volume of distribution]] || The apparent volume in which a drug is distributed (i.e., the parameter relating drug concentration in plasma to drug amount in the body).
 
| [[Volume of distribution]] || The apparent volume in which a drug is distributed (i.e., the parameter relating drug concentration in plasma to drug amount in the body).
| <math>V_\text{d}</math>  
+
| <math>V_\text{d}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{m}^3</math> || <math>\frac{D}{C_0}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{m}^3</math> || <math>\frac{D}{C_0}</math>
 
| 6.0&nbsp;L
 
| 6.0&nbsp;L
 
|-
 
|-
| [[Concentration]] || Amount of drug in a given volume of [[blood plasma|plasma]]. || <math>C_{0}, C_\text{ss}</math>  
+
| [[Concentration]] || Amount of drug in a given volume of [[blood plasma|plasma]]. || <math>C_{0}, C_\text{ss}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}</math> || <math>\frac{D}{V_\text{d}}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}</math> || <math>\frac{D}{V_\text{d}}</math>
 
| 83.3&nbsp;mmol/L
 
| 83.3&nbsp;mmol/L
 +
|-
 +
| [[Absorption half-life]] || The time required for the concentration of the drug to double its original value for oral and other extravascular routes.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}}
 +
| <math>t_{\frac{1}{2}a}</math>
 +
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{k_\text{a}}</math>
 +
| 1.0&nbsp;h
 +
|-
 +
| [[Absorption rate constant]] || The rate at which a drug enters into the body for oral and other extravascular routes.
 +
| <math>k_\text{a}</math>
 +
| <math>\mathrm{s}^{-1}</math> || <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{t_{\frac{1}{2}a}}</math>
 +
| 0.693&nbsp;<sup>−1</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Biological half-life|Elimination half-{{zwj}}life]] || The time required for the concentration of the drug to reach half of its original value.
 
| [[Biological half-life|Elimination half-{{zwj}}life]] || The time required for the concentration of the drug to reach half of its original value.
| <math>t_\frac{1}{2}</math>  
+
| <math>t_{\frac{1}{2}b}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{k_\text{e}}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{s}</math> || <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{k_\text{e}}</math>
 
| 12&nbsp;h
 
| 12&nbsp;h
 
|-
 
|-
| [[Elimination rate constant]] || The rate at which a drug is removed from the body. || <math>k_\text{e}</math>  
+
| [[Elimination rate constant]] || The rate at which a drug is removed from the body. || <math>k_\text{e}</math>
| <math>\mathrm{s}^{-1}</math> || <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{t_\frac{1}{2}} = \frac{CL}{V_\text{d}}</math>
+
| <math>\mathrm{s}^{-1}</math> || <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{t_{\frac{1}{2}b}} = \frac{CL}{V_\text{d}}</math>
 
| 0.0578&nbsp;h<sup>−1</sup>
 
| 0.0578&nbsp;h<sup>−1</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
| Infusion rate || [[Rate of infusion]] required to balance elimination. || <math>k_\text{in}</math>  
+
| Infusion rate || [[Rate of infusion]] required to balance elimination. || <math>k_\text{in}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{mol/s}</math> || <math>C_\text{ss} \cdot CL</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{mol/s}</math> || <math>C_\text{ss} \cdot CL</math>
 
| 50&nbsp;mmol/h
 
| 50&nbsp;mmol/h
Line 53: Line 63:
 
| rowspan=2 | [[Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics)|Area under the curve]]
 
| rowspan=2 | [[Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics)|Area under the curve]]
 
| rowspan=2 | The [[integral]] of the concentration-time curve (after a single dose or in steady state).
 
| rowspan=2 | The [[integral]] of the concentration-time curve (after a single dose or in steady state).
| <math>AUC_{0 - \infty}</math>  
+
| <math>AUC_{0 - \infty}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}\cdot\mathrm{s}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}\cdot\mathrm{s}</math>
 
| <math>\int_{0}^{\infty}C\, \operatorname{d}t</math>
 
| <math>\int_{0}^{\infty}C\, \operatorname{d}t</math>
 
| rowspan="2" |1,320&nbsp;mmol/L·h
 
| rowspan="2" |1,320&nbsp;mmol/L·h
 
|-
 
|-
| <math>AUC_{\tau, \text{ss}}</math>  
+
| <math>AUC_{\tau, \text{ss}}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}\cdot\mathrm{s}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{M}\cdot\mathrm{s}</math>
 
| <math>\int_{t}^{t + \tau}C\, \operatorname{d}t</math>
 
| <math>\int_{t}^{t + \tau}C\, \operatorname{d}t</math>
 
|-
 
|-
| [[Clearance (medicine)|Clearance]] || The volume of plasma cleared of the drug per unit time. || <math>CL</math>  
+
| [[Clearance (medicine)|Clearance]] || The volume of plasma cleared of the drug per unit time. || <math>CL</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{m}^3/\mathrm{s}</math> || <math>V_\text{d} \cdot k_\text{e} = \frac{D}{AUC}</math>
 
| <math>\mathrm{m}^3/\mathrm{s}</math> || <math>V_\text{d} \cdot k_\text{e} = \frac{D}{AUC}</math>
 
| 0.38&nbsp;L/h
 
| 0.38&nbsp;L/h
 
|-
 
|-
| [[Bioavailability]] || The systemically available fraction of a drug. || <math>f</math>  
+
| [[Bioavailability]] || The systemically available fraction of a drug. || <math>f</math>
 
| Unitless || <math>\frac{AUC_\text{po} \cdot D_\text{iv}}{AUC_\text{iv} \cdot D_\text{po}}</math>
 
| Unitless || <math>\frac{AUC_\text{po} \cdot D_\text{iv}}{AUC_\text{iv} \cdot D_\text{po}}</math>
 
| 0.8
 
| 0.8

Revision as of 12:19, 5 February 2020

Pharmacokinetic metrics

Characteristic Description Symbol Unit Formula Worked example
value
Dose Amount of drug administered. <math>D</math> <math>\mathrm{mol}</math> Design parameter 500 mmol
Dosing interval Time between drug dose administrations. <math>\tau</math> <math>\mathrm{s}</math> Design parameter 24 h
Cmax The peak plasma concentration of a drug after administration. <math>C_\text{max}</math> <math>\mathrm{M}</math> Direct measurement 60.9 mmol/L
tmax Time to reach Cmax. <math>t_\text{max}</math> <math>\mathrm{s}</math> Direct measurement 3.9 h
Cmin The lowest (trough) concentration that a drug reaches before the next dose is administered. <math>C_{\text{min}, \text{ss}}</math> <math>\mathrm{M}</math> Direct measurement 27.7 mmol/L
Volume of distribution The apparent volume in which a drug is distributed (i.e., the parameter relating drug concentration in plasma to drug amount in the body). <math>V_\text{d}</math> <math>\mathrm{m}^3</math> <math>\frac{D}{C_0}</math> 6.0 L
Concentration Amount of drug in a given volume of plasma. <math>C_{0}, C_\text{ss}</math> <math>\mathrm{M}</math> <math>\frac{D}{V_\text{d}}</math> 83.3 mmol/L
Absorption half-life The time required for the concentration of the drug to double its original value for oral and other extravascular routes.[citation needed] <math>t_{\frac{1}{2}a}</math> <math>\mathrm{s}</math> <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{k_\text{a}}</math> 1.0 h
Absorption rate constant The rate at which a drug enters into the body for oral and other extravascular routes. <math>k_\text{a}</math> <math>\mathrm{s}^{-1}</math> <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{t_{\frac{1}{2}a}}</math> 0.693 −1
[[Biological half-life|Elimination half-Template:Zwjlife]] The time required for the concentration of the drug to reach half of its original value. <math>t_{\frac{1}{2}b}</math> <math>\mathrm{s}</math> <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{k_\text{e}}</math> 12 h
Elimination rate constant The rate at which a drug is removed from the body. <math>k_\text{e}</math> <math>\mathrm{s}^{-1}</math> <math>\frac{\ln(2)}{t_{\frac{1}{2}b}} = \frac{CL}{V_\text{d}}</math> 0.0578 h−1
Infusion rate Rate of infusion required to balance elimination. <math>k_\text{in}</math> <math>\mathrm{mol/s}</math> <math>C_\text{ss} \cdot CL</math> 50 mmol/h
Area under the curve The integral of the concentration-time curve (after a single dose or in steady state). <math>AUC_{0 - \infty}</math> <math>\mathrm{M}\cdot\mathrm{s}</math> <math>\int_{0}^{\infty}C\, \operatorname{d}t</math> 1,320 mmol/L·h
<math>AUC_{\tau, \text{ss}}</math> <math>\mathrm{M}\cdot\mathrm{s}</math> <math>\int_{t}^{t + \tau}C\, \operatorname{d}t</math>
Clearance The volume of plasma cleared of the drug per unit time. <math>CL</math> <math>\mathrm{m}^3/\mathrm{s}</math> <math>V_\text{d} \cdot k_\text{e} = \frac{D}{AUC}</math> 0.38 L/h
Bioavailability The systemically available fraction of a drug. <math>f</math> Unitless <math>\frac{AUC_\text{po} \cdot D_\text{iv}}{AUC_\text{iv} \cdot D_\text{po}}</math> 0.8
Fluctuation Peak trough fluctuation within one dosing interval at steady state. <math>\%PTF</math> <math>%</math> <math>\frac{C_{\text{max}, \text{ss}} - C_{\text{min}, \text{ss}}}{C_{\text{av}, \text{ss}}} \cdot 100%</math>
where
<math>C_{\text{av},\text{ss}} = \frac{1}{\tau}AUC_{\tau, \text{ss}}</math>
41.8%
Template documentation

See also

References