Difference between revisions of "Template:Geologic time scale"
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[[Chronozone|chrons]]: [[Subatlantic|Subatlantic]]{{·}}[[Subboreal|Subboreal]]{{·}}[[Atlantic (period)|Atlantic]]{{·}}[[Boreal (period)|Boreal]]{{·}}[[Preboreal]] | [[Chronozone|chrons]]: [[Subatlantic|Subatlantic]]{{·}}[[Subboreal|Subboreal]]{{·}}[[Atlantic (period)|Atlantic]]{{·}}[[Boreal (period)|Boreal]]{{·}}[[Preboreal]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="1" | | + | |rowspan="1" | |
|style="background:#ffffb3"| 0.0117<ref name="holocene">The start time for the [[Holocene]] epoch is here given as [[Upper Paleolithic|11,700]] [[before present|years ago]]. For further discussion of the dating of this epoch, see [[Holocene]].</ref> | |style="background:#ffffb3"| 0.0117<ref name="holocene">The start time for the [[Holocene]] epoch is here given as [[Upper Paleolithic|11,700]] [[before present|years ago]]. For further discussion of the dating of this epoch, see [[Holocene]].</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="4" style="background:#ffff62"| [[Pleistocene]] | |rowspan="4" style="background:#ffff62"| [[Pleistocene]] | ||
| [[Late Pleistocene|Upper]] (locally [[Tarantian]]{{·}}[[Tyrrhenian Stage|Tyrrhenian]]{{·}}[[Eemian]]{{·}}[[Sangamonian Stage|Sangamonian]]) | | [[Late Pleistocene|Upper]] (locally [[Tarantian]]{{·}}[[Tyrrhenian Stage|Tyrrhenian]]{{·}}[[Eemian]]{{·}}[[Sangamonian Stage|Sangamonian]]) | ||
| − | |rowspan="4"| | + | |rowspan="4"| |
|style="background:#ffff62"| 0.126 | |style="background:#ffff62"| 0.126 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 42: | Line 42: | ||
|rowspan="2" style="background:#feebac"| [[Pliocene]] | |rowspan="2" style="background:#feebac"| [[Pliocene]] | ||
|rowspan="1"| [[Piacenzian]]/[[Blancan]] | |rowspan="1"| [[Piacenzian]]/[[Blancan]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="2"| | + | |rowspan="2"| |
|style="background:#feebac"| 3.600<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#feebac"| 3.600<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 50: | Line 50: | ||
|rowspan="6" style="background:#ffde00"| [[Miocene]] | |rowspan="6" style="background:#ffde00"| [[Miocene]] | ||
| [[Messinian]] | | [[Messinian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="6"| | + | |rowspan="6"| |
|style="background:#ffde00"| 7.246<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#ffde00"| 7.246<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 71: | Line 71: | ||
|rowspan="2" style="background:#eac672"| [[Oligocene]] | |rowspan="2" style="background:#eac672"| [[Oligocene]] | ||
| [[Chattian]] | | [[Chattian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="2"| | + | |rowspan="2"| |
|style="background:#eac672"| 28.1 | |style="background:#eac672"| 28.1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 79: | Line 79: | ||
|rowspan="4" style="background:#eaad43"| [[Eocene]] | |rowspan="4" style="background:#eaad43"| [[Eocene]] | ||
| [[Priabonian]] | | [[Priabonian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="4"| | + | |rowspan="4"| |
|style="background:#eaad43"| 38.0 | |style="background:#eaad43"| 38.0 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 93: | Line 93: | ||
|rowspan="3" style="background:#eb9301"| [[Paleocene]] | |rowspan="3" style="background:#eb9301"| [[Paleocene]] | ||
| [[Thanetian]] | | [[Thanetian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="3"| | + | |rowspan="3"| |
|style="background:#eb9301"| 59.2<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#eb9301"| 59.2<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 106: | Line 106: | ||
|rowspan="6" style="background:#def197"| [[Late Cretaceous|Upper]] | |rowspan="6" style="background:#def197"| [[Late Cretaceous|Upper]] | ||
| [[Maastrichtian]] | | [[Maastrichtian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="12"| | + | |rowspan="12"| |
|style="background:#def197"| 72.1 ± 0.2<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#def197"| 72.1 ± 0.2<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 146: | Line 146: | ||
|rowspan="3" style="background:#ccebc5"| [[Late Jurassic|Upper]] | |rowspan="3" style="background:#ccebc5"| [[Late Jurassic|Upper]] | ||
| [[Tithonian]] | | [[Tithonian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="11"| | + | |rowspan="11"| |
|style="background:#ccebc5"| 152.1 ± 0.9 | |style="background:#ccebc5"| 152.1 ± 0.9 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 184: | Line 184: | ||
|rowspan="3" style="background:#ccece1"| [[Late Triassic|Upper]] | |rowspan="3" style="background:#ccece1"| [[Late Triassic|Upper]] | ||
| [[Rhaetian]] | | [[Rhaetian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="7"| | + | |rowspan="7"| |
|style="background:#ccece1"| c. 208.5 | |style="background:#ccece1"| c. 208.5 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 211: | Line 211: | ||
|rowspan="2" style="background:#b3e3ee"| [[Lopingian]] | |rowspan="2" style="background:#b3e3ee"| [[Lopingian]] | ||
| [[Changhsingian]] | | [[Changhsingian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="9"| | + | |rowspan="9"| |
|style="background:#b3e3ee"| 254.2 ± 0.1<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#b3e3ee"| 254.2 ± 0.1<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 243: | Line 243: | ||
|rowspan="2" style="background:#689fca"| [[Late Pennsylvanian|Upper]] | |rowspan="2" style="background:#689fca"| [[Late Pennsylvanian|Upper]] | ||
| [[Gzhelian]] | | [[Gzhelian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="4"| | + | |rowspan="4"| |
|style="background:#689fca"| 303.7 ± 0.1 | |style="background:#689fca"| 303.7 ± 0.1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 260: | Line 260: | ||
|style="background:#8091ad"| [[Late Mississippian|Upper]] | |style="background:#8091ad"| [[Late Mississippian|Upper]] | ||
| [[Serpukhovian]] | | [[Serpukhovian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="3"| | + | |rowspan="3"| |
|style="background:#8091ad"| 330.9 ± 0.2 | |style="background:#8091ad"| 330.9 ± 0.2 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 274: | Line 274: | ||
|rowspan="2" style="background:#cbbddc"| [[Late Devonian|Upper]] | |rowspan="2" style="background:#cbbddc"| [[Late Devonian|Upper]] | ||
| [[Famennian]] | | [[Famennian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="7"| | + | |rowspan="7"| |
|style="background:#cbbddc"| 372.2 ± 1.6<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#cbbddc"| 372.2 ± 1.6<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|style="background:#e9c7e2"| [[Pridoli epoch|Pridoli]] | |style="background:#e9c7e2"| [[Pridoli epoch|Pridoli]] | ||
| ''no faunal stages defined'' (Stage 8) | | ''no faunal stages defined'' (Stage 8) | ||
| − | |rowspan="8"| | + | |rowspan="8"| |
|style="background:#e9c7e2"| 423.0 ± 2.3<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#e9c7e2"| 423.0 ± 2.3<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|rowspan="3" style="background:#fbb4bd"| [[Late Ordovician|Upper]] | |rowspan="3" style="background:#fbb4bd"| [[Late Ordovician|Upper]] | ||
| [[Hirnantian]] | | [[Hirnantian]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="7"| | + | |rowspan="7"| |
|style="background:#fbb4bd"| 445.2 ± 1.4<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#fbb4bd"| 445.2 ± 1.4<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 356: | Line 356: | ||
|rowspan="3" style="background:#fdcdb8"| [[Furongian]] | |rowspan="3" style="background:#fdcdb8"| [[Furongian]] | ||
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 10]] | | [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 10]] | ||
| − | |rowspan="10"| | + | |rowspan="10"| |
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| c. 489.5 | |style="background:#fdcdb8"| c. 489.5 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 393: | Line 393: | ||
|rowspan="3" style="background:#caa595"| [[Neoproterozoic|Neo-<br />proterozoic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |rowspan="3" style="background:#caa595"| [[Neoproterozoic|Neo-<br />proterozoic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
|style="background:#ead8bc"| [[Ediacaran]] | |style="background:#ead8bc"| [[Ediacaran]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#ead8bc"| c. 635<sup>*</sup> | |style="background:#ead8bc"| c. 635<sup>*</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#dcabaa"| [[Cryogenian]] | |style="background:#dcabaa"| [[Cryogenian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#dcabaa"| 850<ref name="absolute-age">Defined by absolute age ([[Global Standard Stratigraphic Age]]).</ref> | |style="background:#dcabaa"| 850<ref name="absolute-age">Defined by absolute age ([[Global Standard Stratigraphic Age]]).</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#cba46c"| [[Tonian]] | |style="background:#cba46c"| [[Tonian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#cba46c"| 1000<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#cba46c"| 1000<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="3" style="background:#ddc288"| [[Mesoproterozoic|Meso-<br />proterozoic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |rowspan="3" style="background:#ddc288"| [[Mesoproterozoic|Meso-<br />proterozoic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
|style="background:#ddc288"| [[Stenian]] | |style="background:#ddc288"| [[Stenian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#ddc288"| 1200<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#ddc288"| 1200<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#ddc288"| [[Ectasian]] | |style="background:#ddc288"| [[Ectasian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#ddc288"| 1400<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#ddc288"| 1400<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#ddc288"| [[Calymmian]] | |style="background:#ddc288"| [[Calymmian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#ddc288"| 1600<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#ddc288"| 1600<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="4" style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Paleoproterozoic|Paleo-<br />proterozoic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |rowspan="4" style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Paleoproterozoic|Paleo-<br />proterozoic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
|style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Statherian]] | |style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Statherian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#b3b25e"| 1800<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#b3b25e"| 1800<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Orosirian]] | |style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Orosirian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#b3b25e"| 2050<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#b3b25e"| 2050<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Rhyacian]] | |style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Rhyacian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#b3b25e"| 2300<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#b3b25e"| 2300<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Siderian]] | |style="background:#b3b25e"| [[Siderian]] | ||
| − | |colspan="3"| | + | |colspan="3"| |
|style="background:#b3b25e"| 2500<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#b3b25e"| 2500<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="4" style="background:#99adac"| [[Archean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |rowspan="4" style="background:#99adac"| [[Archean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
|style="background:#cbcdc8"| [[Neoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |style="background:#cbcdc8"| [[Neoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#cbcdc8"| 2800<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#cbcdc8"| 2800<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#b2b5af"| [[Mesoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |style="background:#b2b5af"| [[Mesoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#b2b5af"| 3200<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#b2b5af"| 3200<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#999791"| [[Paleoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |style="background:#999791"| [[Paleoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#999791"| 3600<ref name="absolute-age" /> | |style="background:#999791"| 3600<ref name="absolute-age" /> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#809090"| [[Eoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | |style="background:#809090"| [[Eoarchean]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#809090"| 4000 | |style="background:#809090"| 4000 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="4" style="background:#809090"| [[Hadean]]<br /><ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="hadeon-not-formal">Though commonly used, the [[Hadean]] is not a formal eon and no lower bound for the Archean and Eoarchean have been agreed upon. The Hadean has also sometimes been called the Priscoan or the Azoic. Sometimes, the Hadean can be found to be subdivided according to the [[lunar geologic time scale]]. These eras include the [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]] and [[Basin Groups]] (which are subdivisions of the [[Pre-Nectarian]] era), [[Nectarian]], and [[Early Imbrian]] units.</ref> | |rowspan="4" style="background:#809090"| [[Hadean]]<br /><ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="hadeon-not-formal">Though commonly used, the [[Hadean]] is not a formal eon and no lower bound for the Archean and Eoarchean have been agreed upon. The Hadean has also sometimes been called the Priscoan or the Azoic. Sometimes, the Hadean can be found to be subdivided according to the [[lunar geologic time scale]]. These eras include the [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]] and [[Basin Groups]] (which are subdivisions of the [[Pre-Nectarian]] era), [[Nectarian]], and [[Early Imbrian]] units.</ref> | ||
|style="background:#809090"| [[Early Imbrian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names">These unit names were taken from the [[Lunar geologic timescale]] and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.</ref> | |style="background:#809090"| [[Early Imbrian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names">These unit names were taken from the [[Lunar geologic timescale]] and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.</ref> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#809090"| c.3850 | |style="background:#809090"| c.3850 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#809090"| [[Nectarian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" /> | |style="background:#809090"| [[Nectarian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#809090"| c.3920 | |style="background:#809090"| c.3920 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#809090"| [[Basin Groups]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" /> | |style="background:#809090"| [[Basin Groups]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#809090"| c.4150 | |style="background:#809090"| c.4150 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="background:#809090"| [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" /> | |style="background:#809090"| [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" /> | ||
| − | |colspan="4"| | + | |colspan="4"| |
|style="background:#809090"| c.4600 | |style="background:#809090"| c.4600 | ||
|}</div> | |}</div> | ||
Revision as of 03:45, 3 March 2013
- ↑ Paleontologists often refer to faunal stages rather than geologic (geological) periods. The stage nomenclature is quite complex. For an excellent time-ordered list of faunal stages, see "The Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 2006-03-19.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dates are slightly uncertain with differences of a few percent between various sources being common. This is largely due to uncertainties in radiometric dating and the problem that deposits suitable for radiometric dating seldom occur exactly at the places in the geologic column where they would be most useful. The dates and errors quoted above are according to the International Commission on Stratigraphy 2012 time scale. Where errors are not quoted, errors are less than the precision of the age given. Dates labeled with a * indicate boundaries where a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point has been internationally agreed upon: see List of Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points for a complete list.
- ↑ References to the "Post-Cambrian Supereon" are not universally accepted, and therefore must be considered unofficial.
- ↑ Historically, the Cenozoic has been divided up into the Quaternary and Tertiary sub-eras, as well as the Neogene and Paleogene periods. The 2009 version of the ICS time chart recognizes a slightly extended Quaternary as well as the Paleogene and a truncated Neogene, the Tertiary having been demoted to informal status.
- ↑ The start time for the Holocene epoch is here given as 11,700 years ago. For further discussion of the dating of this epoch, see Holocene.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 In North America, the Carboniferous is subdivided into Mississippian and Pennsylvanian Periods.
- ↑ The Precambrian is also known as Cryptozoic.
- ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 The Proterozoic, Archean and Hadean are often collectively referred to as the Precambrian Time or sometimes, also the Cryptozoic.
- ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 Defined by absolute age (Global Standard Stratigraphic Age).
- ↑ Though commonly used, the Hadean is not a formal eon and no lower bound for the Archean and Eoarchean have been agreed upon. The Hadean has also sometimes been called the Priscoan or the Azoic. Sometimes, the Hadean can be found to be subdivided according to the lunar geologic time scale. These eras include the Cryptic and Basin Groups (which are subdivisions of the Pre-Nectarian era), Nectarian, and Early Imbrian units.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 These unit names were taken from the Lunar geologic timescale and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.
ar:قالب:المقياس الزمني الجيولوجي es:Plantilla:Escala temporal geológica hi:भूवैज्ञानिक समय-मान pt:Predefinição:Tempo geológico zh:Template:Geologic time scale