Difference between revisions of "Template:Geologic time scale"

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|rowspan="6" style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Early Cretaceous|Lower]]
 
|rowspan="6" style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Early Cretaceous|Lower]]
 
| [[Albian]]
 
| [[Albian]]
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 113.0
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| 113.0 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Aptian]]
 
| [[Aptian]]
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 125.0
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| 125.0 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Barremian]]
 
| [[Barremian]]
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 129.4
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| 129.4 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Hauterivian]]
 
| [[Hauterivian]]
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 132.9
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| 132.9 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Valanginian]]
 
| [[Valanginian]]
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 139.8
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| 139.8 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Berriasian]]
 
| [[Berriasian]]
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 145.0
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| 145.0 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="11" style="background:#4db47e"| [[Jurassic]]
 
|rowspan="11" style="background:#4db47e"| [[Jurassic]]
Line 185: Line 185:
 
| [[Rhaetian]]
 
| [[Rhaetian]]
 
|rowspan="7"| [[Archosaur]]s dominant on land as [[dinosaur]]s, in the oceans as [[Ichthyosaur]]s and [[nothosaur]]s, and in the air as[[pterosaur]]s. [[Cynodont]]s become smaller and more mammal-like, while first [[mammal]]s and [[crocodilia]] appear. ''[[Dicroidium]]''flora common on land. Many large aquatic [[temnospondyli|temnospondyl]] amphibians. [[Ammonite|Ceratitic ammonoids]] extremely common.[[Scleractinia|Modern corals]] and [[teleost]] fish appear, as do many modern [[insect]] clades. [[Andes Mountains|Andean Orogeny]] in South America. [[Cimmerian Orogeny]] in Asia. [[Rangitata Orogeny]] begins in New Zealand. [[Hunter-Bowen Orogeny]] in [[Northern Australia]], Queensland and [[New South Wales]] ends, (c. 260–225 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])
 
|rowspan="7"| [[Archosaur]]s dominant on land as [[dinosaur]]s, in the oceans as [[Ichthyosaur]]s and [[nothosaur]]s, and in the air as[[pterosaur]]s. [[Cynodont]]s become smaller and more mammal-like, while first [[mammal]]s and [[crocodilia]] appear. ''[[Dicroidium]]''flora common on land. Many large aquatic [[temnospondyli|temnospondyl]] amphibians. [[Ammonite|Ceratitic ammonoids]] extremely common.[[Scleractinia|Modern corals]] and [[teleost]] fish appear, as do many modern [[insect]] clades. [[Andes Mountains|Andean Orogeny]] in South America. [[Cimmerian Orogeny]] in Asia. [[Rangitata Orogeny]] begins in New Zealand. [[Hunter-Bowen Orogeny]] in [[Northern Australia]], Queensland and [[New South Wales]] ends, (c. 260–225 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])
|style="background:#ccece1"| c. 208.5
+
|style="background:#ccece1"| 208.5 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Norian]]
 
| [[Norian]]
|style="background:#ccece1"| c. 228
+
|style="background:#ccece1"| 228 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Carnian]]
 
| [[Carnian]]
|style="background:#ccece1"| c. 235<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#ccece1"| 235<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#99d7be"| [[Middle Triassic|Middle]]
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#99d7be"| [[Middle Triassic|Middle]]
 
| [[Ladinian]]
 
| [[Ladinian]]
|style="background:#99d7be"| c. 242<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#99d7be"| 242<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Anisian]]
 
| [[Anisian]]
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| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 10]]
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 10]]
 
|rowspan="10"| Major diversification of life in the [[Cambrian Explosion]]. Numerous fossils; most modern [[Animalia|animal]][[Phylum|phyla]] appear. First [[chordates]] appear, along with a number of extinct, problematic phyla. Reef-building [[Archaeocyatha]]abundant; then vanish. [[Trilobite]]s, [[priapulid]] worms, [[Porifera|sponges]], inarticulate [[brachiopod]]s (unhinged lampshells), and many other animals numerous. [[Anomalocarid]]s are giant predators, while many Ediacaran fauna die out. [[Prokaryote]]s, [[protist]]s (e.g., [[foram]]s), [[fungus|fungi]] and [[algae]] continue to present day. [[Gondwana]] emerges. [[Petermann Orogeny]] on the [[Australia (Continent)|Australian Continent]] tapers off (550&ndash;535 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]). Ross Orogeny in Antarctica. [[Adelaide Geosyncline|Adelaide Geosyncline (Delamerian Orogeny)]], majority of orogenic activity from 514&ndash;500[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]. [[Lachlan Orogeny]] on [[Australia (Continent)|Australian Continent]], c. 540&ndash;440[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]. [[Earth's atmosphere|Atmospheric]] CO<sub>2</sub> content roughly 20&ndash;35 times present-day ([[Holocene]]) levels (6000 ppmv compared to today's 385 ppmv)<ref name="atmospheric-carbon-dioxide" />
 
|rowspan="10"| Major diversification of life in the [[Cambrian Explosion]]. Numerous fossils; most modern [[Animalia|animal]][[Phylum|phyla]] appear. First [[chordates]] appear, along with a number of extinct, problematic phyla. Reef-building [[Archaeocyatha]]abundant; then vanish. [[Trilobite]]s, [[priapulid]] worms, [[Porifera|sponges]], inarticulate [[brachiopod]]s (unhinged lampshells), and many other animals numerous. [[Anomalocarid]]s are giant predators, while many Ediacaran fauna die out. [[Prokaryote]]s, [[protist]]s (e.g., [[foram]]s), [[fungus|fungi]] and [[algae]] continue to present day. [[Gondwana]] emerges. [[Petermann Orogeny]] on the [[Australia (Continent)|Australian Continent]] tapers off (550&ndash;535 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]). Ross Orogeny in Antarctica. [[Adelaide Geosyncline|Adelaide Geosyncline (Delamerian Orogeny)]], majority of orogenic activity from 514&ndash;500[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]. [[Lachlan Orogeny]] on [[Australia (Continent)|Australian Continent]], c. 540&ndash;440[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]. [[Earth's atmosphere|Atmospheric]] CO<sub>2</sub> content roughly 20&ndash;35 times present-day ([[Holocene]]) levels (6000 ppmv compared to today's 385 ppmv)<ref name="atmospheric-carbon-dioxide" />
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| c. 489.5
+
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| 489.5 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Jiangshanian]]
 
| [[Jiangshanian]]
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| c. 494<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| 494<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Paibian]]
 
| [[Paibian]]
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| c. 497<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#fdcdb8"| 497<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="3" style="background:#e8ae97"| [[Middle Cambrian|Series 3]]
 
|rowspan="3" style="background:#e8ae97"| [[Middle Cambrian|Series 3]]
 
| [[Guzhangian]]
 
| [[Guzhangian]]
|style="background:#e8ae97"| c. 500.5<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#e8ae97"| 500.5<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Drumian]]
 
| [[Drumian]]
|style="background:#e8ae97"| c. 504.5<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#e8ae97"| 504.5<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 5]]
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 5]]
|style="background:#e8ae97"| c. 509
+
|style="background:#e8ae97"| 509 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#e77c72"| [[Middle Cambrian|Series 2]]
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#e77c72"| [[Middle Cambrian|Series 2]]
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 4]]
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 4]]
|style="background:#e77c72"| c. 514
+
|style="background:#e77c72"| 514 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 3]]
 
| [[Cambrian#Subdivisions|Stage 3]]
|style="background:#e77c72"| c. 521
+
|style="background:#e77c72"| 521 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#e77c72"| [[Terreneuvian]]
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#e77c72"| [[Terreneuvian]]
 
| [[Cambrian Stage 2|Stage 2]]
 
| [[Cambrian Stage 2|Stage 2]]
|style="background:#e77c72"| c. 529
+
|style="background:#e77c72"| 529 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| [[Fortunian]]
 
| [[Fortunian]]
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|style="background:#ead8bc"| [[Ediacaran]]
 
|style="background:#ead8bc"| [[Ediacaran]]
 
|colspan="3"| Good [[fossil]]s of the first [[Metazoa|multi-celled animal]]s. [[Ediacaran biota]] flourish worldwide in seas. Simple[[trace fossil]]s of possible worm-like ''[[Trichophycus pedum|Trichophycus]]'', etc. First [[Porifera|sponge]]s and[[Trilobita|trilobitomorph]]s. Enigmatic forms include many soft-jellied creatures shaped like bags, disks, or quilts (like''[[Dickinsonia]]''). [[Taconic Orogeny]] in North America. [[Aravalli Range]] [[orogeny]] in [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Beginning of[[Petermann Orogeny]] on [[Australia (Continent)|Australian Continent]]. Beardmore Orogeny in Antarctica, 633&ndash;620[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]].
 
|colspan="3"| Good [[fossil]]s of the first [[Metazoa|multi-celled animal]]s. [[Ediacaran biota]] flourish worldwide in seas. Simple[[trace fossil]]s of possible worm-like ''[[Trichophycus pedum|Trichophycus]]'', etc. First [[Porifera|sponge]]s and[[Trilobita|trilobitomorph]]s. Enigmatic forms include many soft-jellied creatures shaped like bags, disks, or quilts (like''[[Dickinsonia]]''). [[Taconic Orogeny]] in North America. [[Aravalli Range]] [[orogeny]] in [[Indian Subcontinent]]. Beginning of[[Petermann Orogeny]] on [[Australia (Continent)|Australian Continent]]. Beardmore Orogeny in Antarctica, 633&ndash;620[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]].
|style="background:#ead8bc"| c. 635<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#ead8bc"| 635<sup>*</sup> c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#dcabaa"| [[Cryogenian]]
 
|style="background:#dcabaa"| [[Cryogenian]]
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|style="background:#809090"| [[Early Imbrian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names">These unit names were taken from the [[Lunar geologic timescale]] and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.</ref>
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Early Imbrian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names">These unit names were taken from the [[Lunar geologic timescale]] and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.</ref>
 
|colspan="4"| Indirect [[photosynthetic]] evidence (e.g., [[kerogen]]) of primordial life.  This era overlaps the end of the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] of the [[inner solar system|inner]] [[solar system]].
 
|colspan="4"| Indirect [[photosynthetic]] evidence (e.g., [[kerogen]]) of primordial life.  This era overlaps the end of the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] of the [[inner solar system|inner]] [[solar system]].
|style="background:#809090"| c.3850
+
|style="background:#809090"| 4100 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Nectarian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Nectarian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|colspan="4"| This unit gets its name from the [[lunar geologic timescale]] when the [[Nectaris Basin]] and other greater [[lunar basin]]s form by big [[impact event]]s.
 
|colspan="4"| This unit gets its name from the [[lunar geologic timescale]] when the [[Nectaris Basin]] and other greater [[lunar basin]]s form by big [[impact event]]s.
|style="background:#809090"| c.3920
+
|style="background:#809090"| 4300 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Basin Groups]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Basin Groups]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known rock (4030 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])<ref name="Oldest-rock">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/s004100050465|title=Priscoan (4.00&ndash;4.03 Ga) orthogneisses from northwestern Canada|year=1999|author=Bowring, Samuel A.|journal=Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology|volume=134|issue=1|pages=3|last2=Williams|first2=Ian S.|bibcode=1999CoMP..134....3B}} The oldest rock on Earth is the [[Acasta Gneiss]], and it dates to 4.03 Ga, located in the [[Northwest Territories]] of Canada.</ref>. The first [[organism|life form]]s and [[self-replication|self-replicating]] [[RNA]] [[molecule]]s evolve around 4000 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]], after the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] ends on Earth. [[Napier_Mountains|Napier]] Orogeny in Antarctica, 4000&nbsp;±&nbsp;200 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]].
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known rock (4030 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])<ref name="Oldest-rock">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/s004100050465|title=Priscoan (4.00&ndash;4.03 Ga) orthogneisses from northwestern Canada|year=1999|author=Bowring, Samuel A.|journal=Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology|volume=134|issue=1|pages=3|last2=Williams|first2=Ian S.|bibcode=1999CoMP..134....3B}} The oldest rock on Earth is the [[Acasta Gneiss]], and it dates to 4.03 Ga, located in the [[Northwest Territories]] of Canada.</ref>. The first [[organism|life form]]s and [[self-replication|self-replicating]] [[RNA]] [[molecule]]s evolve around 4000 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]], after the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] ends on Earth. [[Napier_Mountains|Napier]] Orogeny in Antarctica, 4000&nbsp;±&nbsp;200 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]].
|style="background:#809090"| c.4150
+
|style="background:#809090"| 4500 c.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known [[mineral]] ([[Zircon]], 4404&nbsp;±&nbsp;8 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]).<ref name="geology-wisc-edu">[http://www.geology.wisc.edu/%7Evalley/zircons/Wilde2001Nature.pdf Geology.wisc.edu]</ref> Formation of [[Moon]](4533 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]), probably from [[Giant_impact_hypothesis|giant impact]]. Formation of [[Earth]] (4567.17 to 4570[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known [[mineral]] ([[Zircon]], 4404&nbsp;±&nbsp;8 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]).<ref name="geology-wisc-edu">[http://www.geology.wisc.edu/%7Evalley/zircons/Wilde2001Nature.pdf Geology.wisc.edu]</ref> Formation of [[Moon]](4533 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]), probably from [[Giant_impact_hypothesis|giant impact]]. Formation of [[Earth]] (4567.17 to 4570[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])
|style="background:#809090"| c.4600
+
|style="background:#809090"| 4567 c.
 
|}</div>
 
|}</div>
 
<includeonly>
 
<includeonly>

Revision as of 17:33, 10 March 2013

ar:قالب:المقياس الزمني الجيولوجي es:Plantilla:Escala temporal geológica hi:भूवैज्ञानिक समय-मान pt:Predefinição:Tempo geológico zh:Template:Geologic time scale