Difference between revisions of "Template:Geologic time scale"

From blackwiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Fix Hadean dates and colors)
Line 103: Line 103:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="30" style="background:#7fad51"| [[Mesozoic]]
 
|rowspan="30" style="background:#7fad51"| [[Mesozoic]]
|rowspan="12" style="background:{{period color|cretaceous}}" | [[Cretaceous]]
+
|rowspan="12" style="background:#7fc31c" | [[Cretaceous]]
|rowspan="6" style="background:{{period color|late cretaceous}}"| [[Late Cretaceous|Upper]]
+
|rowspan="6" style="background:#def197"| [[Late Cretaceous|Upper]]
|style="background:{{period color|Maastrichtian}}"| [[Maastrichtian]]
+
|style="background:#def197"| [[Maastrichtian]]
 
|rowspan="12"| [[Flowering plant]]s proliferate, along with new types of [[insect]]s. More modern [[teleost]] fish begin to appear. [[Ammonoidea]], [[Belemnoidea|belemnites]], [[rudist]] [[Bivalvia|bivalve]]s, [[Echinoidea|echinoid]]s and [[Porifera|sponges]] all common. Many new types of [[dinosaur]]s (e.g. [[Tyrannosauridae|Tyrannosaurs]], [[Titanosauridae|Titanosaurs]], [[Hadrosauridae|duck bills]], and [[Ceratopsidae|horned dinosaurs]]) evolve on land, as do [[Eusuchia]] ([[Crocodilia|modern crocodilians]]); and [[mosasaur]]s and modern [[shark]]s appear in the sea. Primitive [[bird]]s gradually replace [[pterosaurs]]. [[Monotremes]], [[marsupial]]s and [[Eutheria|placental]] mammals appear. Break up of [[Gondwana]]. Beginning of [[Laramide Orogeny|Laramide]] and [[Sevier Orogeny|Sevier Orogenies]] of the [[Rocky Mountains]]. [[Earth's atmosphere|Atmospheric]] CO<sub>2</sub> close to present-day levels.
 
|rowspan="12"| [[Flowering plant]]s proliferate, along with new types of [[insect]]s. More modern [[teleost]] fish begin to appear. [[Ammonoidea]], [[Belemnoidea|belemnites]], [[rudist]] [[Bivalvia|bivalve]]s, [[Echinoidea|echinoid]]s and [[Porifera|sponges]] all common. Many new types of [[dinosaur]]s (e.g. [[Tyrannosauridae|Tyrannosaurs]], [[Titanosauridae|Titanosaurs]], [[Hadrosauridae|duck bills]], and [[Ceratopsidae|horned dinosaurs]]) evolve on land, as do [[Eusuchia]] ([[Crocodilia|modern crocodilians]]); and [[mosasaur]]s and modern [[shark]]s appear in the sea. Primitive [[bird]]s gradually replace [[pterosaurs]]. [[Monotremes]], [[marsupial]]s and [[Eutheria|placental]] mammals appear. Break up of [[Gondwana]]. Beginning of [[Laramide Orogeny|Laramide]] and [[Sevier Orogeny|Sevier Orogenies]] of the [[Rocky Mountains]]. [[Earth's atmosphere|Atmospheric]] CO<sub>2</sub> close to present-day levels.
|style="background:{{period color|Maastrichtian}}"| 72.1 ±&nbsp;0.2<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#def19}"| 72.1 ±&nbsp;0.2<sup>*</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Campanian}}"| [[Campanian]]
+
|style="background:#def197"| [[Campanian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Campanian}}"| 83.6 ±&nbsp;0.2
+
|style="background:#def197"| 83.6 ±&nbsp;0.2
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Santonian}}"| [[Santonian]]
+
|style="background:#def197"| [[Santonian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Santonian}}"| 86.3 ±&nbsp;0.5
+
|style="background:#def197"| 86.3 ±&nbsp;0.5
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Coniacian}}"| [[Coniacian]]
+
|style="background:#def197"| [[Coniacian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Coniacian}}"| 89.8 ±&nbsp;0.3
+
|style="background:#def197"| 89.8 ±&nbsp;0.3
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Turonian}}"| [[Turonian]]
+
|style="background:#def197"| [[Turonian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Turonian}}"| 93.9<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#def197"| 93.9<sup>*</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Cenomanian}}"| [[Cenomanian]]
+
|style="background:#def197| [[Cenomanian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Cenomanian}}"| 100.5<sup>*</sup>
+
|style="background:#def197"| 100.5<sup>*</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
|rowspan="6" style="background:{{period color|early cretaceous}}"| [[Early Cretaceous|Lower]]
+
|rowspan="6" style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Early Cretaceous|Lower]]
|style="background:{{period color|Albian}}"| [[Albian]]
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Albian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Albian}}"| c. 113.0
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 113.0
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Aptian}}"| [[Aptian]]
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Aptian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Aptian}}"| c. 125.0
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 125.0
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Barremian}}"| [[Barremian]]
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Barremian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Barremian}}"| c. 129.4
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 129.4
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Hauterivian}}"| [[Hauterivian]]
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Hauterivian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Hauterivian}}"| c. 132.9
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 132.9
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Valanginian}}"| [[Valanginian]]
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Valanginian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Valanginian}}"| c. 139.8
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 139.8
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:{{period color|Berriasian}}"| [[Berriasian]]
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| [[Berriasian]]
|style="background:{{period color|Berriasian}}"| c. 145.0
+
|style="background:#b3df7f"| c. 145.0
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="11" style="background:#4db47e"| [[Jurassic]]
 
|rowspan="11" style="background:#4db47e"| [[Jurassic]]
Line 201: Line 201:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#67b39f"| [[Early Triassic|Lower]]
 
|rowspan="2" style="background:#67b39f"| [[Early Triassic|Lower]]
|style="background:#99d7be"| [[Olenekian]]
+
|style="background:#67b39f"| [[Olenekian]]
 
|style="background:#67b39f"| 251.2
 
|style="background:#67b39f"| 251.2
 
|-
 
|-
|style="background:#99d7be"| [[Induan]]
+
|style="background:#67b39f"| [[Induan]]
 
|style="background:#67b39f"| 252.2 ±&nbsp;0.5<sup>*</sup>
 
|style="background:#67b39f"| 252.2 ±&nbsp;0.5<sup>*</sup>
 
|-
 
|-
Line 454: Line 454:
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Early Imbrian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names">These unit names were taken from the [[Lunar geologic timescale]] and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.</ref>
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Early Imbrian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names">These unit names were taken from the [[Lunar geologic timescale]] and refer to geologic events that did not occur on Earth. Their use for Earth geology is unofficial. Note that their start times do not dovetail perfectly with the later, terrestrially defined boundaries.</ref>
 
|colspan="4"| Indirect [[photosynthetic]] evidence (e.g., [[kerogen]]) of primordial life.  This era overlaps the end of the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] of the [[inner solar system|inner]] [[solar system]].
 
|colspan="4"| Indirect [[photosynthetic]] evidence (e.g., [[kerogen]]) of primordial life.  This era overlaps the end of the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] of the [[inner solar system|inner]] [[solar system]].
|style="background:#809090"| c.3850
+
|style="background:#809090"| c.4100
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Nectarian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Nectarian]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|colspan="4"| This unit gets its name from the [[lunar geologic timescale]] when the [[Nectaris Basin]] and other greater [[lunar basin]]s form by big [[impact event]]s.
 
|colspan="4"| This unit gets its name from the [[lunar geologic timescale]] when the [[Nectaris Basin]] and other greater [[lunar basin]]s form by big [[impact event]]s.
|style="background:#809090"| c.3920
+
|style="background:#809090"| c.4300
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Basin Groups]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Basin Groups]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known rock (4030 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])<ref name="Oldest-rock">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/s004100050465|title=Priscoan (4.00&ndash;4.03 Ga) orthogneisses from northwestern Canada|year=1999|author=Bowring, Samuel A.|journal=Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology|volume=134|issue=1|pages=3|last2=Williams|first2=Ian S.|bibcode=1999CoMP..134....3B}} The oldest rock on Earth is the [[Acasta Gneiss]], and it dates to 4.03 Ga, located in the [[Northwest Territories]] of Canada.</ref>. The first [[organism|life form]]s and [[self-replication|self-replicating]] [[RNA]] [[molecule]]s evolve around 4000 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]], after the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] ends on Earth. [[Napier_Mountains|Napier]] Orogeny in Antarctica, 4000&nbsp;±&nbsp;200 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]].
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known rock (4030 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])<ref name="Oldest-rock">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/s004100050465|title=Priscoan (4.00&ndash;4.03 Ga) orthogneisses from northwestern Canada|year=1999|author=Bowring, Samuel A.|journal=Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology|volume=134|issue=1|pages=3|last2=Williams|first2=Ian S.|bibcode=1999CoMP..134....3B}} The oldest rock on Earth is the [[Acasta Gneiss]], and it dates to 4.03 Ga, located in the [[Northwest Territories]] of Canada.</ref>. The first [[organism|life form]]s and [[self-replication|self-replicating]] [[RNA]] [[molecule]]s evolve around 4000 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]], after the [[Late Heavy Bombardment]] ends on Earth. [[Napier_Mountains|Napier]] Orogeny in Antarctica, 4000&nbsp;±&nbsp;200 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]].
|style="background:#809090"| c.4150
+
|style="background:#809090"| c.4500
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|style="background:#809090"| [[Cryptic era|Cryptic]]<ref name="Precambrian-Time" /><ref name="Lunar-geologic-timescale-names" />
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known [[mineral]] ([[Zircon]], 4404&nbsp;±&nbsp;8 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]).<ref name="geology-wisc-edu">[http://www.geology.wisc.edu/%7Evalley/zircons/Wilde2001Nature.pdf Geology.wisc.edu]</ref> Formation of [[Moon]](4533 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]), probably from [[Giant_impact_hypothesis|giant impact]]. Formation of [[Earth]] (4567.17 to 4570[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])
 
|colspan="4"| Oldest known [[mineral]] ([[Zircon]], 4404&nbsp;±&nbsp;8 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]).<ref name="geology-wisc-edu">[http://www.geology.wisc.edu/%7Evalley/zircons/Wilde2001Nature.pdf Geology.wisc.edu]</ref> Formation of [[Moon]](4533 [[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]]), probably from [[Giant_impact_hypothesis|giant impact]]. Formation of [[Earth]] (4567.17 to 4570[[Year#SI_prefix_multipliers|Ma]])
|style="background:#809090"| c.4600
+
|style="background:#809090"| c.4567
 
|}</div>
 
|}</div>
 
<includeonly>
 
<includeonly>

Revision as of 12:09, 27 March 2013

hi:भूवैज्ञानिक समय-मान