Difference between revisions of "Template:Katakana table"
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(→Notes: oops) |
(revert poorly explained and unnecessary parameter additions that have complicated the use of this template way beyond what is needed) |
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| − | + | {{colorbox|#E9E9E9|Grey background}} indicates obsolete characters. | |
| + | |||
{| class="wikitable nowraplinks" border="0" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top;padding:2px;width:100%;" | {| class="wikitable nowraplinks" border="0" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top;padding:2px;width:100%;" | ||
|+ Katakana syllabograms | |+ Katakana syllabograms | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan=2 width="4%"| | !rowspan=2 width="4%"| | ||
| − | !valign=top align=center colspan=5 style="background: | + | !valign=top align=center colspan=5 style="background:#BECFEB;" width="60%"|Monographs ([[gojūon]]) |
| − | !colspan=3 align=center style="background: | + | !colspan=3 align=center style="background:#D4D4D4;" width="36%"| Digraphs ([[yōon]]) |
|- | |- | ||
!width="12%"| ''a'' !!width="12%"| ''i'' !!width="12%"| ''u'' !!width="12%"| ''e'' !!width="12%"| ''o'' | !width="12%"| ''a'' !!width="12%"| ''i'' !!width="12%"| ''u'' !!width="12%"| ''e'' !!width="12%"| ''o'' | ||
| Line 11: | Line 12: | ||
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!title="vowels"|∅ | !title="vowels"|∅ | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[A (kana)|ア]]</big><br>a {{IPA-ja|a|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[I (kana)|イ]]</big><br>i {{IPA-ja|i|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[U (kana)|ウ]]</big><br>u {{IPA-ja|u͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[E (kana)|エ]]</big><br>e {{IPA-ja|e|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[O (kana)|オ]]</big><br>o {{IPA-ja|o|}} |
| − | | colspan=3 bgcolor=" | + | | colspan=3 bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''K'' | !''K'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ka (kana)|カ]]</big><br>ka {{IPA-ja|ka|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ki (kana)|キ]]</big><br>ki {{IPA-ja|ki|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ku (kana)|ク]]</big><br>ku {{IPA-ja|ku͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ke (kana)|ケ]]</big><br>ke {{IPA-ja|ke|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ko (kana)|コ]]</big><br>ko {{IPA-ja|ko|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>キャ</big><br>kya {{IPA-ja|kʲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>キュ</big><br>kyu {{IPA-ja|kʲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>キョ</big><br>kyo {{IPA-ja|kʲo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''S'' | !''S'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Sa (kana)|サ]]</big><br>sa {{IPA-ja|sa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Shi (kana)|シ]]</big><br>shi {{IPA-ja|ɕi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Su (kana)|ス]]</big><br>su {{IPA-ja|su͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Se (kana)|セ]]</big><br>se {{IPA-ja|se|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[So (kana)|ソ]]</big><br>so {{IPA-ja|so|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>シャ</big><br>sha {{IPA-ja|ɕa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>シュ</big><br>shu {{IPA-ja|ɕu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ショ</big><br>sho {{IPA-ja|ɕo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''T'' | !''T'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ta (kana)|タ]]</big><br>ta {{IPA-ja|ta|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Chi (kana)|チ]]</big><br>chi {{IPA-ja|t͡ɕi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Tsu (kana)|ツ]]</big><br>tsu {{IPA-ja|t͡su͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Te (kana)|テ]]</big><br>te {{IPA-ja|te|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[To (kana)|ト]]</big><br>to {{IPA-ja|to|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>チャ</big><br>cha {{IPA-ja|t͡ɕa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>チュ</big><br>chu {{IPA-ja|t͡ɕu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>チョ</big><br>cho {{IPA-ja|t͡ɕo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''N'' | !''N'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Na (kana)|ナ]]</big><br>na {{IPA-ja|na|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ni (kana)|ニ]]</big><br>ni {{IPA-ja|nʲi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Nu (kana)|ヌ]]</big><br>nu {{IPA-ja|nu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ne (kana)|ネ]]</big><br>ne {{IPA-ja|ne|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[No (kana)|ノ]]</big><br>no {{IPA-ja|no|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ニャ</big><br>nya {{IPA-ja|ɲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ニュ</big><br>nyu {{IPA-ja|ɲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ニョ</big><br>nyo {{IPA-ja|ɲo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''H'' | !''H'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ha (kana)|ハ]]</big><br> ha {{IPA-ja|ha|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Hi (kana)|ヒ]]</big><br> hi {{IPA-ja|çi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Fu (kana)|フ]]</big><br> fu {{IPA-ja|ɸu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[He (kana)|ヘ]]</big><br> he {{IPA-ja|he|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ho (kana)|ホ]]</big><br> ho {{IPA-ja|ho|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ヒャ</big><br> hya {{IPA-ja|ça|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ヒュ</big><br> hyu {{IPA-ja|çu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ヒョ</big><br> hyo {{IPA-ja|ço|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''M'' | !''M'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ma (kana)|マ]]</big><br>ma {{IPA-ja|ma|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Mi (kana)|ミ]]</big><br>mi {{IPA-ja|mi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Mu (kana)|ム]]</big><br>mu {{IPA-ja|mu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Me (kana)|メ]]</big><br>me {{IPA-ja|me|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Mo (kana)|モ]]</big><br>mo {{IPA-ja|mo|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ミャ</big><br>mya {{IPA-ja|mʲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ミュ</big><br>myu {{IPA-ja|mʲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ミョ</big><br>myo {{IPA-ja|mʲo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''Y'' | !''Y'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ya (kana)|ヤ]]</big><br>ya {{IPA-ja|ja|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>イ</big><ref name="unused" group="n" /><br>i<!-- Do not insert "Rotated イ" again. Read the talk. --> |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Yu (kana)|ユ]]</big><br>yu {{IPA-ja|ju͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>エ</big><ref name="unused" group="n" /><br>e<!-- I don't think you have to mention ye in Old Japanese here. This table is about modern Japanese, and it's better to mention the intermediate process. --> |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Yo (kana)|ヨ]]</big><br>yo {{IPA-ja|jo|}} |
| − | | colspan=3 bgcolor=" | + | | colspan=3 bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''R'' | !''R'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ra (kana)|ラ]]</big><br>ra {{IPA-ja|ɽa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ri (kana)|リ]]</big><br>ri {{IPA-ja|ɽi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ru (kana)|ル]]</big><br>ru {{IPA-ja|ɽu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Re (kana)|レ]]</big><br>re {{IPA-ja|ɽe|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Ro (kana)|ロ]]</big><br>ro {{IPA-ja|ɽo|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>リャ</big><br>rya {{IPA-ja|ɽʲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>リュ</big><br>ryu {{IPA-ja|ɽʲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>リョ</big><br>ryo {{IPA-ja|ɽʲo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''W'' | !''W'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Wa (kana)|ワ]]</big><br>wa {{IPA-ja|wa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|[[Wi (kana)|<big>ヰ</big>]]/<big>イ</big><ref name="obsolete" group="n" /><br>wi/i {{IPA-ja|i|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ウ</big><ref name="unused" group="n" /><br>u |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|[[We (kana)|<big>ヱ</big>]]/<big>エ</big><ref name="obsolete" group="n" /><br>we/e {{IPA-ja|e|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Wo (kana)|ヲ]]</big><ref name="obsolete" group="n" /><br>wo/o {{IPA-ja|o|}} |
| − | | colspan=3 bgcolor=" | + | | colspan=3 bgcolor="#E9E9E9"| |
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=9| | | colspan=9| | ||
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
! | ! | ||
| − | !colspan=3 style="background: | + | !colspan=3 style="background:#BECFEB;"| Final nasal monograph |
| − | !colspan=5 style="background: | + | !colspan=5 style="background:#D4D4D4;"| Functional [[grapheme]]s |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!title="consonants and functional signs"| | !title="consonants and functional signs"| | ||
| − | | colspan=3 bgcolor=" | + | | colspan=3 bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[N (kana)|ン]]</big><br>n {{IPA-ja|n|}} {{IPA-ja|m|}} {{IPA-ja|ŋ|}} before stop consonants;<br />n {{IPA-ja|ɴ|}} {{IPA-ja|ũ͍|}}{{IPA-ja|ĩ|}} elsewhere |
| − | | colspan=2 bgcolor=" | + | | colspan=2 bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>[[Sokuon|ッ]]</big><br />(indicates a [[geminate]]<br />consonant)<!-- used in transcription? --> |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>[[Chōonpu|ー]]</big><br />(indicates<br />a long vowel) |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>[[ヽ]]</big><br />(reduplicates and<br />unvoices syllable)<!-- probably not used for transcription --> |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>[[ヾ]]</big><br />(reduplicates and<br />voices syllable)<!-- probably not used for transcription --> |
|- | |- | ||
| colspan=9| | | colspan=9| | ||
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!rowspan=2| | !rowspan=2| | ||
| − | !colspan=5 style="background: | + | !colspan=5 style="background:#BECFEB;"|Monographs with diacritics: [[gojūon]] with ([[handakuten|han]])[[dakuten]] |
| − | !colspan=3 style="background: | + | !colspan=3 style="background:#D4D4D4;"|Digraphs with diacritics: [[yōon]] with ([[handakuten|han]])[[dakuten]] |
|- | |- | ||
! ''a'' !! ''i'' !! ''u'' !! ''e'' !! ''o'' | ! ''a'' !! ''i'' !! ''u'' !! ''e'' !! ''o'' | ||
| Line 127: | Line 128: | ||
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''G'' | !''G'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ガ</big><br>ga {{IPA-ja|ɡa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ギ</big><br>gi {{IPA-ja|ɡi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>グ</big><br>gu {{IPA-ja|ɡu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ゲ</big><br>ge {{IPA-ja|ɡe|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ゴ</big><br>go {{IPA-ja|ɡo|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ギャ</big><br>gya {{IPA-ja|ɡʲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ギュ</big><br>gyu {{IPA-ja|ɡʲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ギョ</big><br>gyo {{IPA-ja|ɡʲo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''Z'' | !''Z'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ザ</big><br>za {{IPA-ja|za|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ジ</big><br>ji {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ズ</big><br>zu {{IPA-ja|zu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ゼ</big><br>ze {{IPA-ja|ze|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ゾ</big><br>zo {{IPA-ja|zo|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ジャ</big><br>ja {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ジュ</big><br>ju {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ジョ</big><br>jo {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''D'' | !''D'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ダ</big><br>da {{IPA-ja|da|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ヂ</big><ref name="etymologic spelling" group="n" /><br>ji {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ヅ</big><ref name="etymologic spelling" group="n" /><br>zu {{IPA-ja|zu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>デ</big><br>de {{IPA-ja|de|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ド</big><br>do {{IPA-ja|do|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ヂャ</big><ref name="etymologic spelling" group="n" /><br>ja {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ヂュ</big><ref name="etymologic spelling" group="n" /><br>ju {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ヂョ</big><ref name="etymologic spelling" group="n" /><br>jo {{IPA-ja|d͡ʑo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''B'' | !''B'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>バ</big><br>ba {{IPA-ja|ba|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ビ</big><br>bi {{IPA-ja|bi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ブ</big><br>bu {{IPA-ja|bu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ベ</big><br>be {{IPA-ja|be|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ボ</big><br>bo {{IPA-ja|bo|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ビャ</big><br>bya {{IPA-ja|bʲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ビュ</big><br>byu {{IPA-ja|bʲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ビョ</big><br>byo {{IPA-ja|bʲo|}} |
|- valign=top align=center | |- valign=top align=center | ||
!''P'' | !''P'' | ||
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>パ</big><br>pa {{IPA-ja|pa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ピ</big><br>pi {{IPA-ja|pi|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>プ</big><br>pu {{IPA-ja|pu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ペ</big><br>pe {{IPA-ja|pe|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#EFFAFA"|<big>ポ</big><br>po {{IPA-ja|po|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ピャ</big><br>pya {{IPA-ja|pʲa|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ピュ</big><br>pyu {{IPA-ja|pʲu͍|}} |
| − | | bgcolor=" | + | | bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|<big>ピョ</big><br>pyo {{IPA-ja|pʲo|}} |
| − | |} | + | |} |
| − | + | '''Notes''' | |
| − | |||
<references group="n"> | <references group="n"> | ||
| − | + | <ref name="unused">Theoretical combinations ''yi'', ''ye'' and ''wu'' are unused, and are shown here replaced by ''i'', ''e'' and ''u''.</ref> | |
| − | + | <ref name="obsolete">The characters in theoretical positions ''wi'' and ''we'' are obsolete, and are shown here alongside their modern equivalents イ (''i'') and エ (''e''). The character ''wo'', in practice normally pronounced ''o'', is preserved in only one use: as a particle. This is normally written in hiragana (を), so katakana ヲ sees only limited use. See [[Gojūon]] and the articles on each character for details.</ref> | |
| − | + | <ref name="etymologic spelling">The ヂ (''di'') and ヅ (''du'') kana (often romanised as ''ji'' and ''zu'') are primarily used for etymologic spelling, when the unvoiced equivalents チ (''ti'') and ツ (''tu'') (often romanised as ''chi'' and ''tsu'') undergo a sound change (''[[rendaku]]'') and become voiced when they occur in the middle of a compound word. In other cases, the identically-pronounced ジ (''ji'') and ズ (''zu'') are used instead. ヂ (''di'') and ヅ (''du'') can never begin a word, and they are not common in katakana, since the concept of ''rendaku'' does not apply to transcribed foreign words, one of the major uses of katakana.</ref> | |
</references><noinclude> | </references><noinclude> | ||
| − | + | [[Category:Japanese language templates]] | |
| − | </noinclude> | + | [[Category:Writing system templates]]</noinclude> |
Revision as of 01:50, 24 July 2013
Grey background indicates obsolete characters.
| Monographs (gojūon) | Digraphs (yōon) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | i | u | e | o | ya | yu | yo | |
| ∅ | ア a [a] |
イ i [i] |
ウ u [u͍] |
エ e [e] |
オ o [o] |
|||
| K | カ ka [ka] |
キ ki [ki] |
ク ku [ku͍] |
ケ ke [ke] |
コ ko [ko] |
キャ kya [kʲa] |
キュ kyu [kʲu͍] |
キョ kyo [kʲo] |
| S | サ sa [sa] |
シ shi [ɕi] |
ス su [su͍] |
セ se [se] |
ソ so [so] |
シャ sha [ɕa] |
シュ shu [ɕu͍] |
ショ sho [ɕo] |
| T | タ ta [ta] |
チ chi [t͡ɕi] |
ツ tsu [t͡su͍] |
テ te [te] |
ト to [to] |
チャ cha [t͡ɕa] |
チュ chu [t͡ɕu͍] |
チョ cho [t͡ɕo] |
| N | ナ na [na] |
ニ ni [nʲi] |
ヌ nu [nu͍] |
ネ ne [ne] |
ノ no [no] |
ニャ nya [ɲa] |
ニュ nyu [ɲu͍] |
ニョ nyo [ɲo] |
| H | ハ ha [ha] |
ヒ hi [çi] |
フ fu [ɸu͍] |
ヘ he [he] |
ホ ho [ho] |
ヒャ hya [ça] |
ヒュ hyu [çu͍] |
ヒョ hyo [ço] |
| M | マ ma [ma] |
ミ mi [mi] |
ム mu [mu͍] |
メ me [me] |
モ mo [mo] |
ミャ mya [mʲa] |
ミュ myu [mʲu͍] |
ミョ myo [mʲo] |
| Y | ヤ ya [ja] |
イ[n 1] i |
ユ yu [ju͍] |
エ[n 1] e |
ヨ yo [jo] |
|||
| R | ラ ra [ɽa] |
リ ri [ɽi] |
ル ru [ɽu͍] |
レ re [ɽe] |
ロ ro [ɽo] |
リャ rya [ɽʲa] |
リュ ryu [ɽʲu͍] |
リョ ryo [ɽʲo] |
| W | ワ wa [wa] |
ヰ/イ[n 2] wi/i [i] |
ウ[n 1] u |
ヱ/エ[n 2] we/e [e] |
ヲ[n 2] wo/o [o] |
|||
| Final nasal monograph | Functional graphemes | |||||||
| ン n [n] [m] [ŋ] before stop consonants; n [ɴ] [ũ͍][ĩ] elsewhere |
ッ (indicates a geminate consonant) |
ー (indicates a long vowel) |
ヽ (reduplicates and unvoices syllable) |
ヾ (reduplicates and voices syllable) | ||||
| Monographs with diacritics: gojūon with (han)dakuten | Digraphs with diacritics: yōon with (han)dakuten | |||||||
| a | i | u | e | o | ya | yu | yo | |
| G | ガ ga [ɡa] |
ギ gi [ɡi] |
グ gu [ɡu͍] |
ゲ ge [ɡe] |
ゴ go [ɡo] |
ギャ gya [ɡʲa] |
ギュ gyu [ɡʲu͍] |
ギョ gyo [ɡʲo] |
| Z | ザ za [za] |
ジ ji [d͡ʑi] |
ズ zu [zu͍] |
ゼ ze [ze] |
ゾ zo [zo] |
ジャ ja [d͡ʑa] |
ジュ ju [d͡ʑu͍] |
ジョ jo [d͡ʑo] |
| D | ダ da [da] |
ヂ[n 3] ji [d͡ʑi] |
ヅ[n 3] zu [zu͍] |
デ de [de] |
ド do [do] |
ヂャ[n 3] ja [d͡ʑa] |
ヂュ[n 3] ju [d͡ʑu͍] |
ヂョ[n 3] jo [d͡ʑo] |
| B | バ ba [ba] |
ビ bi [bi] |
ブ bu [bu͍] |
ベ be [be] |
ボ bo [bo] |
ビャ bya [bʲa] |
ビュ byu [bʲu͍] |
ビョ byo [bʲo] |
| P | パ pa [pa] |
ピ pi [pi] |
プ pu [pu͍] |
ペ pe [pe] |
ポ po [po] |
ピャ pya [pʲa] |
ピュ pyu [pʲu͍] |
ピョ pyo [pʲo] |
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Theoretical combinations yi, ye and wu are unused, and are shown here replaced by i, e and u.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 The characters in theoretical positions wi and we are obsolete, and are shown here alongside their modern equivalents イ (i) and エ (e). The character wo, in practice normally pronounced o, is preserved in only one use: as a particle. This is normally written in hiragana (を), so katakana ヲ sees only limited use. See Gojūon and the articles on each character for details.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 The ヂ (di) and ヅ (du) kana (often romanised as ji and zu) are primarily used for etymologic spelling, when the unvoiced equivalents チ (ti) and ツ (tu) (often romanised as chi and tsu) undergo a sound change (rendaku) and become voiced when they occur in the middle of a compound word. In other cases, the identically-pronounced ジ (ji) and ズ (zu) are used instead. ヂ (di) and ヅ (du) can never begin a word, and they are not common in katakana, since the concept of rendaku does not apply to transcribed foreign words, one of the major uses of katakana.