Difference between revisions of "Template:List of mesons"

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Line 32: Line 32:
 
| Pion<ref name=PDGPion0>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s009.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Pion0}}]</ref>
 
| Pion<ref name=PDGPion0>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s009.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Pion0}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Pion0}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Pion0}}
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} - d\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|quarkcontent|[a]}}</sup>
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} - d\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|quarkcontent|[a]}}</sup>
 
| {{sort|0134.9766|{{val|134.9766|0.0006}}}}
 
| {{sort|0134.9766|{{val|134.9766|0.0006}}}}
Line 45: Line 45:
 
| Eta meson<ref name=PDGEta>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s014.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Eta}}]</ref>
 
| Eta meson<ref name=PDGEta>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s014.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Eta}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Eta}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Eta}}
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{nowrap|<math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d} - 2s\bar{s}}{\sqrt{6}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|quarkcontent|[a]}}</sup>}}
 
| {{nowrap|<math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d} - 2s\bar{s}}{\sqrt{6}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|quarkcontent|[a]}}</sup>}}
 
| {{sort|0547.853|{{val|547.853|0.024}}}}
 
| {{sort|0547.853|{{val|547.853|0.024}}}}
Line 58: Line 58:
 
| Eta prime meson<ref name=PDGEtaPrime>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m002.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Eta prime}}]</ref>
 
| Eta prime meson<ref name=PDGEtaPrime>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m002.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Eta prime}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Eta prime}}(958)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Eta prime}}(958)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d} + s\bar{s}}{\sqrt{3}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|quarkcontent|[a]}}</sup>
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d} + s\bar{s}}{\sqrt{3}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|quarkcontent|[a]}}</sup>
 
| {{sort|0957.66|{{val|957.66|0.24}}}}
 
| {{sort|0957.66|{{val|957.66|0.24}}}}
Line 71: Line 71:
 
| Charmed eta meson<ref name=PDGCharmedEta>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m026.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Charmed eta}}]</ref>
 
| Charmed eta meson<ref name=PDGCharmedEta>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m026.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Charmed eta}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Charmed eta}}(1S)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Charmed eta}}(1S)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|charm quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|charm antiquark}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|charm quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|charm antiquark}}
 
| {{val|2980.3|1.2}}
 
| {{val|2980.3|1.2}}
Line 84: Line 84:
 
| Bottom eta meson<ref name=PDGBottomEta>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m171.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Bottom eta}}]</ref>
 
| Bottom eta meson<ref name=PDGBottomEta>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m171.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Bottom eta}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Bottom eta}}(1S)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Bottom eta}}(1S)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Bottom quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Bottom antiquark}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Bottom quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Bottom antiquark}}
 
| {{val|9300|40}}
 
| {{val|9300|40}}
Line 124: Line 124:
 
| K-Short<ref name=PDGK-short>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s012.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|K-short0}}]</ref>
 
| K-Short<ref name=PDGK-short>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s012.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|K-short0}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|K-short0}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|K-short0}}
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{d\bar{s} - s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|Kaon|[e]}}</sup>
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{d\bar{s} - s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|Kaon|[e]}}</sup>
 
| {{sort|0497.614|{{val|497.614|0.024}}}}<sup>{{ref|Kaonmass|[d]}}</sup>
 
| {{sort|0497.614|{{val|497.614|0.024}}}}<sup>{{ref|Kaonmass|[d]}}</sup>
Line 137: Line 137:
 
| K-Long<ref name=PDGK-long>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s013.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|k-long0}}]</ref>
 
| K-Long<ref name=PDGK-long>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/s013.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|k-long0}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|K-long0}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|K-long0}}
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{d\bar{s} + s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|Kaon|[e]}}</sup>
 
| <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{d\bar{s} + s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math><sup>{{ref|Kaon|[e]}}</sup>
 
| {{sort|0497.614|{{val|497.614|0.024}}}}<sup>{{ref|Kaonmass|[d]}}</sup>
 
| {{sort|0497.614|{{val|497.614|0.024}}}}<sup>{{ref|Kaonmass|[d]}}</sup>
Line 278: Line 278:
 
| Neutral rho meson<ref name=PDGRho/>
 
| Neutral rho meson<ref name=PDGRho/>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Rho0}}(770)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Rho0}}(770)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{nowrap|<math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u}-d\bar{d}}{\sqrt 2}}</math>}}
 
| {{nowrap|<math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u}-d\bar{d}}{\sqrt 2}}</math>}}
 
| {{sort|0775.49|{{val|775.49|0.34}}}}
 
| {{sort|0775.49|{{val|775.49|0.34}}}}
Line 291: Line 291:
 
| Omega meson<ref name=PDGOmegaMeson>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m001.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Omega meson}}(782)]</ref>
 
| Omega meson<ref name=PDGOmegaMeson>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m001.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Omega meson}}(782)]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|omega meson}}(782)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|omega meson}}(782)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{nowrap|<math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}</math>}}
 
| {{nowrap|<math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}</math>}}
 
| {{val|782.65|0.12}}
 
| {{val|782.65|0.12}}
Line 304: Line 304:
 
| Phi meson<ref name=PDGPhi>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m004.pdf  Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Phi meson}}]</ref>
 
| Phi meson<ref name=PDGPhi>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m004.pdf  Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Phi meson}}]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Phi meson}}(1020)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Phi meson}}(1020)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Strange quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Strange antiquark}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Strange quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Strange antiquark}}
 
| {{val|1019.445|0.020}}
 
| {{val|1019.445|0.020}}
Line 317: Line 317:
 
| J/Psi<ref name=PDGJ/Psi>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m070.pdf Particle listings – J/&Psi;]</ref>
 
| J/Psi<ref name=PDGJ/Psi>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m070.pdf Particle listings – J/&Psi;]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|J/Psi}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|J/Psi}}
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Charm quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Charm antiquark}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Charm quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Charm antiquark}}
 
| {{val|3096.916|0.011}}
 
| {{val|3096.916|0.011}}
Line 330: Line 330:
 
| Upsilon meson<ref name=PDGUpsilon>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m049.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Upsilon}}(1S)]</ref>
 
| Upsilon meson<ref name=PDGUpsilon>C. Amsler ''et al''. (2008): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2008/listings/m049.pdf Particle listings – {{Subatomic particle|Upsilon}}(1S)]</ref>
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Upsilon}}(1S)
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|Upsilon}}(1S)
| Self
+
| {{n/a|Self}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|bottom quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|bottom antiquark}}
 
| {{Subatomic particle|link=yes|bottom quark}}{{Subatomic particle|link=yes|bottom antiquark}}
 
| {{val|9460.30|0.26}}
 
| {{val|9460.30|0.26}}

Revision as of 11:52, 24 November 2020

Pseudoscalar mesons

Pseudoscalar mesons
Particle name Particle
symbol
Antiparticle
symbol
Quark
content
Rest mass (MeV/c2) IG JPC S C B' Mean lifetime (s) Commonly decays to
(>5% of decays)
Pion[1] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 1 0 0 0 0 Template:Val Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Pion[2] Template:Subatomic particle Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} - d\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math>[a] Template:Val 1 0−+ 0 0 0 Template:Val Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Eta meson[3] Template:Subatomic particle Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d} - 2s\bar{s{\sqrt{6}}}\,</math>[a]}} Template:Val 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 Template:Val[b] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Eta prime meson[4] Template:Subatomic particle(958) Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d} + s\bar{s}}{\sqrt{3}}}\,</math>[a] Template:Val 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 Template:Val[b] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
(Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle) / (Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle) or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Charmed eta meson[5] Template:Subatomic particle(1S) Self Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 Template:Val[b] See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
Bottom eta meson[6] Template:Subatomic particle(1S) Self Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0+ 0−+ 0 0 0 Unknown See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
Kaon[7] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 0 1 0 0 Template:Val Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or

Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle

Kaon[8] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 0 1 0 0 [c] [c]
K-Short[9] Template:Subatomic particle Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{d\bar{s} - s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math>[e] Template:Val[d] 12 0 (*) 0 0 Template:Val Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
K-Long[10] Template:Subatomic particle Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{d\bar{s} + s\bar{d}}{\sqrt{2}}}\,</math>[e] Template:Val[d] 12 0 (*) 0 0 Template:Val Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
D meson[11] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 0 0 +1 0 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
D meson[12] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 0 0 +1 0 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
strange D meson[13] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 0 +1 +1 0 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
B meson[14] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 0 0 0 +1 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
B meson[15] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 0 0 0 +1 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
Strange B meson[16] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 0 −1 0 +1 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes
Charmed B meson[17] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 0 0 +1 +1 Template:Val See Template:Subatomic particle decay modes

[a] ^ Makeup inexact due to non-zero quark masses.
[b] ^ PDG reports the resonance width (Γ). Here the conversion τ = ​ħΓ is given instead.
[c] ^ Strong eigenstate. No definite lifetime (see kaon notes below)
[d] ^ The mass of the Template:Subatomic particle and Template:Subatomic particle are given as that of the Template:Subatomic particle. However, it is known that a difference between the masses of the Template:Subatomic particle and Template:Subatomic particle on the order of Template:Val exists.[10]
[e] ^ Weak eigenstate. Makeup is missing small CP–violating term (see notes on neutral kaons below).

Vector mesons

Vector mesons
Particle
name
Particle
symbol
Antiparticle
symbol
Quark
content
Rest mass (MeV/c2) IG JPC S C B' Mean lifetime (s) Commonly decays to
(>5% of decays)
Charged rho meson[18] Template:Subatomic particle(770) Template:Subatomic particle(770) Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 1+ 1 0 0 0 ~Template:Val[f][g] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Neutral rho meson[18] Template:Subatomic particle(770) Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u}-d\bar{d{\sqrt 2}}</math>}} Template:Val 1+ 1−− 0 0 0 ~Template:Val[f][g] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Omega meson[19] Template:Subatomic particle(782) Self <math>\mathrm{\tfrac{u\bar{u} + d\bar{d{\sqrt{2}}}</math>}} Template:Val 0 1−− 0 0 0 Template:Val[f] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Phi meson[20] Template:Subatomic particle(1020) Self Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 1−− 0 0 0 Template:Val[f] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
(Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle) / (Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle)
J/Psi[21] Template:Subatomic particle Self Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 1−− 0 0 0 Template:Val[f] See Template:Subatomic particle(1S) decay modes
Upsilon meson[22] Template:Subatomic particle(1S) Self Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 1−− 0 0 0 Template:Val[f] See Template:Subatomic particle(1S) decay modes
Kaon[23] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 1 1 0 0 ~Template:Val[f][g] See Template:Subatomic particle(892) decay modes
Kaon[23] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 1 1 0 0 Template:Val[f] See Template:Subatomic particle(892) decay modes
D meson[24] Template:Subatomic particle(2010) Template:Subatomic particle(2010) Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 1 0 +1 0 Template:Val[f] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
D meson[25] Template:Subatomic particle(2007) Template:Subatomic particle(2007) Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 1 0 +1 0 >Template:Val[f] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
strange D meson[26] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 1 +1 +1 0 >Template:Val[f] Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle or
Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
B meson[27] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 1 0 0 +1 Unknown Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
B meson[27] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 12 1 0 0 +1 Unknown Template:Subatomic particle + Template:Subatomic particle
Strange B meson[28] Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Template:Val 0 1 −1 0 +1 Unknown Template:Subatomic particle+Template:Subatomic particle
Charmed B meson Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particle Template:Subatomic particleTemplate:Subatomic particle Unknown 0 1 0 +1 +1 Unknown Unknown

[f] ^ PDG reports the resonance width (Γ). Here the conversion τ = ​ħΓ is given instead.
[g] ^ The exact value depends on the method used. See the given reference for detail.

Notes on neutral kaons

There are two complications with neutral kaons:[29]

Note that these issues also exist in principle for other neutral flavored mesons; however, the weak eigenstates are considered separate particles only for kaons because of their dramatically different lifetimes.[29]

References

  1. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  2. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  3. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  4. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  5. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  6. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  7. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  8. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  9. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  10. 10.0 10.1 C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  11. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  12. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  13. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  14. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  15. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  16. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  17. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  18. 18.0 18.1 C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  19. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle(782)
  20. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  21. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – J/Ψ
  22. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle(1S)
  23. 23.0 23.1 C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle(892)
  24. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle(2010)
  25. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle(2007)
  26. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  27. 27.0 27.1 C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  28. C. Amsler et al. (2008): Particle listings – Template:Subatomic particle
  29. 29.0 29.1 J.W. Cronin (1980)