Revision as of 00:12, 4 June 2009 by imported>Materialscientist
[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
Bismuth, 83Bi| File:Bi chips |
| Bismuth |
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| Pronunciation | (Template:Respell) |
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| Appearance | lustrous silver |
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| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Bi) | Template:Val[1] |
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| Bismuth in the periodic table |
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|
|
| Atomic number (Z) | 83 |
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| Group | group 15 (pnictogens) |
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| Period | period 6 |
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| Block | p-block |
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| Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 |
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| Physical properties |
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| Phase at STP | solid |
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| Melting point | 544.7 K (271.5 °C, 520.7 °F) |
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| Boiling point | 1837 K (1564 °C, 2847 °F) |
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| Density (near r.t.) | 9.78 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid (at m.p.) | 10.05 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 11.30 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of vaporization | 151 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 25.52 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
|
| at T (K)
|
941
|
1041
|
1165
|
1325
|
1538
|
1835
|
|
| Atomic properties |
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| Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.02 |
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| Ionization energies | |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 160 pm calculated: 143 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 146 pm |
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| Spectral lines of bismuth |
| Other properties |
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| Natural occurrence | primordial |
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| Crystal structure | rhombohedral |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 1790 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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| Thermal expansion | 13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 7.97 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 1.29x10^-6 Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic |
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| Young's modulus | 32 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 12 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 31 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.33 |
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| Mohs hardness | 2.25 |
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| Brinell hardness | 94.2 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-69-9 |
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| Main isotopes of bismuth |
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Category: Bismuth | references |
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- ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.