Template:Infobox element/testcases

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[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
Carbon, 6C
Carbon
AppearanceBlack (Graphite)
Clear (Diamond)
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(C)[[[:Template:Val]], Template:Val] conventional: Template:Val
Carbon in the periodic table
Template:Periodic table (32 columns, micro) (None)

C

Silicon (Si)
Boron (B)CarbonNitrogen (N)
Atomic number (Z)6
Groupgroup 14 (carbon group)
Periodperiod 2
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[He] 2s2 2p2
Electrons per shell2,4
Physical properties
Phase at STPSolid
Melting point3800 (graphite) K ​(3527 °C, ​6381 °F)
Boiling point4300 K ​(4027 °C, ​7281 °F)
Density (near r.t.)amorphous:[1] 1.8 - 2.1 g/cm3
graphite: 2.267 g/cm3
diamond: 3.515 g/cm3
Heat of fusion117 (graphite) kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity8.517(graphite),
6.155(diamond) J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1,[2] +2, +3,[3] +4[4] (a mildly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.55
Ionization energies
Atomic radiusempirical: 70 pm
calculated: 67 pm
Covalent radius77 pm
Van der Waals radius170 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of Carbon
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Speed of sound thin rod18350 (diamond) m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion0.8 (diamond) [5] µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity119-165 (graphite)
900-2300 (diamond) W/(m·K)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic[6]
Young's modulus1050 (diamond) [5] GPa
Shear modulus478 (diamond) [5] GPa
Bulk modulus442 (diamond) [5] GPa
Poisson ratio0.1 (diamond) [5]
Mohs hardness1-2 (Graphite)
10 (Diamond)
CAS Number7440-44-0
Main isotopes of Carbon
[[Isotope|IsoTemplate:Shytope]] [[Natural abundance|AbunTemplate:Shydance]] Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode [[Decay product|ProTemplate:Shyduct]]

15

12C 98.9% stable
13C 1.1% stable
14C trace 5730 y beta- 14N
Category Category: Carbon
| references
data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 3527
K 3800 3800 0
F 6381 6381 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
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input C: 3527, K: 3800 (graphite), F: 6381
comment
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 4027
K 4300 4300 0
F 7281 7281 0 Template:Subpage other
max precision 0
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input C: 4027, K: 4300, F: 7281
comment
Template:Elementbox/sandbox
  1. Chemical Rubber Company Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 59th Edition, CRC Press, Inc, 1979
  2. "Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-12-06.
  3. "Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP" (PDF). Retrieved 2007-12-06.
  4. "Carbon: Binary compounds". Retrieved 2007-12-06.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 http://www.ioffe.ru/SVA/NSM/Semicond/Diamond
  6. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.