[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]Carbon, 6C| Carbon |
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| Appearance | Black (Graphite) Clear (Diamond) |
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| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(C) | [[[:Template:Val]], Template:Val] conventional: Template:Val |
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| Carbon in the periodic table |
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| | Atomic number (Z) | 6 |
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| Group | group 14 (carbon group) |
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| Period | period 2 |
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| Block | p-block |
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| Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 2p2 |
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| Electrons per shell | 2,4 |
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| Physical properties |
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| Phase at STP | Solid |
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| Melting point | 3800 (graphite) K (3527 °C, 6381 °F) |
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| Boiling point | 4300 K (4027 °C, 7281 °F) |
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| Density (near r.t.) | amorphous:[1] 1.8 - 2.1 g/cm3 graphite: 2.267 g/cm3 diamond: 3.515 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 117 (graphite) kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 8.517(graphite), 6.155(diamond) J/(mol·K) |
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| Atomic properties |
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| Oxidation states | −4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1,[2] +2, +3,[3] +4[4] (a mildly acidic oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 2.55 |
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| Ionization energies | |
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 70 pm calculated: 67 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 77 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 170 pm |
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| Spectral lines of Carbon | | Other properties |
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| Natural occurrence | primordial |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 18350 (diamond) m/s (at 20 °C) |
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| Thermal expansion | 0.8 (diamond) [5] µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 119-165 (graphite) 900-2300 (diamond) W/(m·K) |
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| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic[6] |
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| Young's modulus | 1050 (diamond) [5] GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 478 (diamond) [5] GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 442 (diamond) [5] GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.1 (diamond) [5] |
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| Mohs hardness | 1-2 (Graphite) 10 (Diamond) |
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| CAS Number | 7440-44-0 |
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| Main isotopes of Carbon |
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| Category: Carbon | references |
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