Revision as of 01:43, 18 February 2021 by imported>Double sharp
[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
Zinc, 30Zn |
| Zinc |
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| Appearance | silver-gray |
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| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Zn) | Template:Val[1] |
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| Zinc in the periodic table |
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|
|
| Atomic number (Z) | 30 |
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| Group | group 12 |
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| Period | period 4 |
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| Block | d-block |
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| Electron configuration | [Ar] 3d10 4s2 |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 2 |
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| Physical properties |
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| Phase at STP | solid |
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| Melting point | 692.68 K (419.53 °C, 787.15 °F) |
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| Boiling point | 1180 K (907 °C, 1665 °F) |
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| Density (near r.t.) | 7.14 g/cm3 |
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| when liquid (at m.p.) | 6.57 g/cm3 |
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| Heat of fusion | 7.32 kJ/mol |
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| Heat of vaporization | 115 kJ/mol |
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| Molar heat capacity | 25.470 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapor pressure
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
|
| at T (K)
|
610
|
670
|
750
|
852
|
990
|
1179
|
|
| Atomic properties |
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| Oxidation states | −2, 0, +1, +2 (an amphoteric oxide) |
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| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.65 |
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| Ionization energies | - 1st: 906.4 kJ/mol
- 2nd: 1733.3 kJ/mol
- 3rd: 3833 kJ/mol
- (more)
|
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| Atomic radius | empirical: 134 pm |
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| Covalent radius | 122±4 pm |
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| Van der Waals radius | 139 pm |
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| Spectral lines of zinc |
| Other properties |
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| Natural occurrence | primordial |
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| Crystal structure | hexagonal close-packed (hcp) |
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| Speed of sound thin rod | 3850 m/s (at r.t.) (rolled) |
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| Thermal expansion | 30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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| Thermal conductivity | 116 W/(m·K) |
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| Electrical resistivity | 59.0 nΩ·m (at 20 °C) |
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| Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic |
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| Magnetic susceptibility | −11.4·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[2] |
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| Young's modulus | 108 GPa |
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| Shear modulus | 43 GPa |
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| Bulk modulus | 70 GPa |
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| Poisson ratio | 0.25 |
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| Mohs hardness | 2.5 |
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| Brinell hardness | 327–412 MPa |
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| CAS Number | 7440-66-6 |
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| History |
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| Discovery | Indian metallurgists (before 1000 BCE) |
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| First isolation | Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746) |
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| Recognized as a unique metal by | Rasaratna Samuccaya (800) |
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| Main isotopes of zinc |
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|
|
Category: Zinc | references |
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References
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