Template:Infobox aluminium
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
[[Category:Template:Pagetype with short description]]
| Aluminium | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pronunciation |
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative name | aluminum (U.S., Canada) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Appearance | silvery gray metallic | |||||||||||||||||||
| Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Al) | Template:Val[1] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Aluminium in the periodic table | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic number (Z) | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Group | group 13 (boron group) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Period | period 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Block | p-block | |||||||||||||||||||
| Element categories | , sometimes considered a metalloid | |||||||||||||||||||
| Electron configuration | [Ne] 3s2 3p1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Physical properties | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Phase at STP | solid | |||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point | 933.47 K (660.32 °C, 1220.58 °F) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Boiling point | 2743 K (2470 °C, 4478 °F) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Density (near r.t.) | 2.70 g/cm3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| when liquid (at m.p.) | 2.375 g/cm3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of fusion | 10.71 kJ/mol | |||||||||||||||||||
| Heat of vaporization | 284 kJ/mol | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar heat capacity | 24.20 J/(mol·K) | |||||||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic properties | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Oxidation states | −2, −1, +1,[2] +2,[3] +3 (an amphoteric oxide) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.61 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ionization energies |
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Atomic radius | empirical: 143 pm | |||||||||||||||||||
| Covalent radius | 121±4 pm | |||||||||||||||||||
| Van der Waals radius | 184 pm | |||||||||||||||||||
| Spectral lines of aluminium | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other properties | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural occurrence | primordial | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crystal structure | face-centered cubic (fcc) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Speed of sound thin rod | (rolled) 5000 m/s (at r.t.) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal expansion | 23.1 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Thermal conductivity | 237 W/(m·K) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Electrical resistivity | 26.5 nΩ·m (at 20 °C) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic ordering | paramagnetic[4] | |||||||||||||||||||
| Magnetic susceptibility | +16.5·10−6 cm3/mol | |||||||||||||||||||
| Young's modulus | 70 GPa | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shear modulus | 26 GPa | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bulk modulus | 76 GPa | |||||||||||||||||||
| Poisson ratio | 0.35 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Mohs hardness | 2.75 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vickers hardness | 160–350 MPa | |||||||||||||||||||
| Brinell hardness | 160–550 MPa | |||||||||||||||||||
| CAS Number | 7429-90-5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| History | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Naming | from alumine, obsolete name for alumina | |||||||||||||||||||
| Prediction | Antoine Lavoisier (1782) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Discovery | Hans Christian Ørsted (1824) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Named by | Humphry Davy (1812[lower-alpha 1]) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Main isotopes of aluminium | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
[[Category:Infobox templates|Template:Remove first word]]
| data m.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 660.32 | — | — | ||
| K | 933.47 | 933.47 | 0 | ||
| F | 1220.58 | 1220.58 | 0 | Template:Subpage other | |
| max precision | 2 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: 660.32, K: 933.47, F: 1220.58 | ||||
| comment | |||||
| data b.p. cat | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in | calc from C | diff | report | ref | |
| C | 2470 | — | — | ||
| K | 2743 | 2740 | 3 | delta | |
| F | 4478 | 4480 | -2 | delta | Template:Subpage other |
| max precision | 0 | ||||
| WD | Template:Wikidata Script error: No such module "EditAtWikidata". | Template:Wikidata | |||
| input | C: 2470, K: 2743, F: 4478 | ||||
| comment | |||||
| Mg ← |
→ Si | |
| ||
| Data sets read by {{Infobox element}} | |
|---|---|
| Name and identifiers | |
| Top image (caption, alt) | |
| Pronunciation | |
| Category (enwiki) | |
| Standard atomic weight | |
| most stable isotope | |
| Natural occurrence | |
| Phase at STP | |
| Oxidation states | |
| Spectral lines image | |
| Electron configuration (cmt, ref) | |
| Term symbol * (cmt, ref) | |
| Wikidata * | |
| * Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03) See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}} | |
- ↑ Davy's 1812 written usage of the word aluminum was predated by other authors' usage of aluminium. However, Davy is often mentioned as the person who named the element; he was the first to coin a name for aluminium: he used alumium in 1808. Other authors did not accept that name, choosing aluminium instead. See below for more details.
References
- ↑ Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
- ↑ Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). "Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35 (2): 129–149. doi:10.1002/anie.199601291.
- ↑ D. C. Tyte (1964). "Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide". Nature. 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode:1964Natur.202..383T. doi:10.1038/202383a0. S2CID 4163250.
- ↑ Lide, D. R. (2000). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0849304814.
One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as
- <ref name="CIAAW2013" /> for the source Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (from subtemplates used by {{Infobox element}})
Lua error: Internal error: The interpreter has terminated with signal "24".